Enclosure, Purged and Pressurized

Enclosure, Purged and Pressurized

Definition(s)

Enclosure, Purged and Pressurized

An enclosure supplied with clean air or an inert gas at sufficient flow and positive pressure to reduce to an acceptably safe level any flammable gas or vapor concentration initially present, and to maintain this safe level by positive pressure with or without continuous flow, see 4.3.5.

Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards
Enclosure, NEMA Type

Enclosure, NEMA Type

Definition(s)

Enclosure, NEMA Type

A United States (NEMA) system of rating standard levels of protection provided to electrical apparatus by enclosures for 1) the protection of persons against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure, 2) the protection provided by the enclosure against ingress of solids and/or liquids, 3) the protection provided by the enclosure against the deleterious effects of corrosion, and 4) the protection provided by the enclosure against damage to the formation of external ice. This enclosure type is in addition to (and not an alternative to) the types of protection necessary to ensure protection against ignition in hazardous (classified) locations, see Table 10.

Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards
Enclosure, Explosionproof

Enclosure, Explosionproof

Definition(s)

Enclosure, Explosionproof

An enclosure that is capable of withstanding an explosion of a gas or vapor within it and of preventing the ignition of an explosive gas or vapor that may surround it, and that operates at such an external temperature that a surrounding explosive gas or vapor will not be ignited thereby.

Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards
EMAT

EMAT

Definition(s)

EMAT

Electromagnetic acoustic transducer. Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards
ECSCC

ECSCC

Definition(s)

ECSCC

External chloride stress corrosion cracking. Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards
Examinations

Examinations

Definition(s)

Examinations

Quality control (QC) functions performed by examiners (e.g. NDEs in accordance with approved NDE procedures). Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards  

Examinations

The act of performing any type of NDE for the purpose of data collection and/or quality control functions performed by examiners.
  • NOTE: Examinations would be typically those actions conducted by NDE personnel, welding or coating inspectors, but may also be conducted by authorized piping inspectors.
Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards
Examination Point

Examination Point

Definition(s)

Examination Point

recording point measurement point test point [test point is a term no longer in use as test refers to mechanical or physical tests (e.g. tensile tests or pressure tests)] An area within a CML defined by a circle having a diameter not greater than 3 in. (75 mm) for pressure vessels. CMLs may contain multiple examination points, for example, a vessel nozzle may be a CML and have multiple examination points (e.g. an examination point in all four quadrants of the CML on the nozzle).

Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

Examination Point

Recording point measurement point test point. A specific location on a piping system to obtain a repeatable thickness measurement for the purpose of establishing an accurate corrosion rate. CMLs may contain multiple examination points.
  • NOTE: Test point is a term no longer in use as “test” in this Code refers to mechanical or physical tests (e.g. tensile tests or pressure tests).
Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards
Extrados

Extrados

Definition(s)

Extrados

Exterior curve of an elbow or torus. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Epoxide

Epoxide

Definition(s)

Epoxide

Compound containing at least two epoxy or oxirane rings.
  • Note: 1 to entry: Chemically, an epoxy ring is a three-membered ring containing two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.
  • Note: 2 to entry: The most widely used epoxy resin is termed DGEBA (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A). Epoxy resins are always used in conjunction with curing agents or hardeners, i.e. substances that react with the epoxy rings, producing hydroxyl groups and other products, and linking the originally linear molecules into a rigid three-dimensional network.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Epoxy

Epoxy

Definition(s)

Epoxy

Compound containing at least two epoxy or oxirane rings.
  • Note: 1 to entry: Chemically, an epoxy ring is a three-membered ring containing two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.
  • Note: 2 to entry: The most widely used epoxy resin is termed DGEBA (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A). Epoxy resins are always used in conjunction with curing agents or hardeners, i.e. substances that react with the epoxy rings, producing hydroxyl groups and other products, and linking the originally linear molecules into a rigid three-dimensional network.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
ESC

ESC

Definition(s)

ESC

Environmental stress cracking. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards  

ESC

Formation of cracks in a polymer or composite caused by exposure to a chemical or environment under stress. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Electrically Conductive

Electrically Conductive

Definition(s)

Electrically Conductive

Having a volume resistivity equal to or lower than 104 Ω⋅m. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Elastomeric bell-and-spigot seal lock joint

Elastomeric bell-and-spigot seal lock joint

Definition(s)

Elastomeric bell-and-spigot seal lock joint

Joint connection made up of a spigot end and a socket end with “O” or lip-sealing rings and some axial restraining device capable of resisting the full thrust from internal pressure. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
ECR glass

ECR glass

Definition(s)

ECR glass

Glass fibre or synthetic veil having a specific chemical resistance against acids, alkalis or other aggressive chemicals
  • Note: 1 to entry: Such glass can be used as a reinforcement for the resin-rich internal liner of GRP pipe or as a reinforcement in the structural portion of GRP pipe.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
E-glass

E-glass

Definition(s)

E-glass

Glass fibre normally used to reinforce GRP (3.2.44) pipes, consisting mainly of SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
earth, v, GB

earth, v, GB

Definition(s)

earth, v, GB

Provide electrical contact with earth.

Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

Essential Service and Safety Function

Essential Service and Safety Function

Definition(s)

Essential Service and Safety Function

A function that must be continuously available. Source: Offshore Gangways, DNVGL-ST-0358, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards
Essential Control and Monitoring System

Essential Control and Monitoring System

Definition(s)

Essential Control and Monitoring System

A system that needs to be in continuous operation for maintaining the gangway's functionality. Source: Offshore Gangways, DNVGL-ST-0358, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards
Engineered Personnel Transferring Operation (over a gangway)

Engineered Personnel Transferring Operation (over a gangway)

Definition(s)

Engineered Personnel Transferring Operation (over a gangway)

Short term operation (less than 4 hours, time frame in which the environmental parameters can be considered stationary) under continuous monitoring of a landing and transfer coordinator. Source: Offshore Gangways, DNVGL-ST-0358, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards
EWS

EWS

Definition(s)

EWS

Engineering Workstation. Source:  DNVGL-RP-G108, Cyber security in the oil and gas industry based on IEC 62443, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards
EPC

EPC

Definition(s)

EPC

Engineering, procurement and construction. Source:  DNVGL-RP-G108, Cyber security in the oil and gas industry based on IEC 62443, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards
EAP-TLS

EAP-TLS

Definition(s)

EAP-TLS

Extensible authentication protocol transport level security. Source:  DNVGL-RP-G108, Cyber security in the oil and gas industry based on IEC 62443, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards
Escorting

Escorting

Definition(s)

Escorting

Ensuring the continuous monitoring through accompaniment or technical means, such as CCTV, in a manner sufficient to observe if the individual is engaged in unauthorized activities. Source: API RP 781 Security Plan Methodology for the Oil and Natural Gas Industries.1st Ed. September 2016. Global Standards
Elevated Threat Level

Elevated Threat Level

Definition(s)

Elevated Threat Level

An alert level which indicates that there is a credible terrorist threat. Source: API RP 781 Security Plan Methodology for the Oil and Natural Gas Industries.1st Ed. September 2016. Global Standards
Equipment Under Control

Equipment Under Control

Definition(s)

Equipment Under Control

Equipment, machinery, apparatus or plant used for manufacturing, process, transportation, medical or other activities [14]. Source: ANSI/ISA–99.00.01–2007, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems, Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models, 29 October 2007. National Standard
Enterprise System

Enterprise System

Definition(s)

Enterprise System

Collection of information technology elements (i.e., hardware, software and services) installed with the intent to facilitate an organization’s business process or processes (administrative or project). Source: ANSI/ISA–99.00.01–2007, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems, Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models, 29 October 2007. National Standard
Electronic Security

Electronic Security

Definition(s)

Electronic Security

Actions required to preclude unauthorized use of, denial of service to, modifications to, disclosure of, loss of revenue from, or destruction of critical systems or informational assets.
  • NOTE: The objective is to reduce the risk of causing personal injury or endangering public health, losing public or consumer confidence, disclosing sensitive assets, failing to protect business assets or failing to comply with regulations. These concepts are applied to any system in the production process and include both stand-alone and networked components.

Communications between systems may be either through internal messaging or by any human or machine interfaces that authenticate, operate, control, or exchange data with any of these control systems. Electronic security includes the concepts of identification, authentication, accountability, authorization, availability, and privacy.

Source: ANSI/ISA–99.00.01–2007, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems, Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models, 29 October 2007. National Standard
Eavesdropping

Eavesdropping

Definition(s)

Eavesdropping

Monitoring or recording of communicated information by unauthorized parties.

Source: ANSI/ISA–99.00.01–2007, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems, Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models, 29 October 2007. National Standard
External Floating Roof Tank

External Floating Roof Tank

Definition(s)

External Floating Roof Tank

An aboveground tank with a floating roof, which has no fixed roof and has an open top

Source: API RP 545 Recommended Practice for Lightning Protection of Aboveground Storage Tanks for Flammable or Combustible Liquids, First Edition, October 2009. Global Standards
EFRT

EFRT

Definition(s)

EFRT

external floating roof tank Source: API RP 545 Recommended Practice for Lightning Protection of Aboveground Storage Tanks for Flammable or Combustible Liquids, First Edition, October 2009. Global Standards  

EFRT

An aboveground tank with a floating roof, which has no fixed roof and has an open top. Source: API RP 545 Recommended Practice for Lightning Protection of Aboveground Storage Tanks for Flammable or Combustible Liquids, First Edition, October 2009. Global Standards