Subsea Tree

Subsea Tree

Definition(s)


Subsea Tree

A system of valves placed on the subsea wellhead designed to control the flow into or out of the completed well. NOTE The subsea tree may provide numerous additional functions [e.g. chemical injection points, well intervention means, pressure relief means (annulus vent), etc.]. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Subsea Tree

Assembly of valves attached to the uppermost connection of the subsea wellhead and used to control well production. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  
String

String

Definition(s)


String

Assembly of individual tubular joints. EXAMPLES Casing, drill pipe, tubing, etc. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Stop Work Authority

Stop Work Authority

Definition(s)


Stop work authority (SWA)

A program that provides all operator and contractor/service personnel, directly or indirectly involved with the operation, the responsibility and authority to cease work until a review of the activity can be concluded, and it has been found safe to resume such activity. Source: API  Bulletin 97, Well Construction Interface Document Guidelines, First Edition, December 2013. Global Standards

Stop work authority (SWA)

A process that provides all operator and contractor/service personnel, directly or indirectly involved with the operation, the responsibility and authority to cease work until a review of the activity can be concluded and it has been found safe to resume such activity. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Stationkeeping

Stationkeeping

Definition(s)


Stationkeeping

Maintenance of a vessel’s desired operating position or station (within stated tolerances) relative to the wellhead or to another vessel. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Standard Operating Procedure

Standard Operating Procedure

Definition(s)


Standard operating procedure (SOP)

A detailed written procedure used to safely execute a recurring work process in a consistent manner. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Stakeholder

Stakeholder

Definition(s)


Stakeholder

A person or organization that is affected or can be affected by an organization's actions and policies. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Stakeholder

An individual or organization having a right, share, claim or interest in a system. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1512, Guideline on Software Quality Assurance and Human-Centred Design for e-navigation, 8 June 2015, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance  

Stakeholder

Person or organization that can affect, be affected by, or perceive themselves to be affected by a decision or activity. NOTE A decision maker can be a stakeholder. Source: ISO Guide 73:2009(E/F), Risk Management – Vocabulary, First Edition, 2009. Global Standards  

Stakeholder

<risk management> person or organization that can affect, be affected by, or perceive themselves to be affected by a decision or activity. [ISO Guide 73:2009] Source: ISO/IEC 27032:2015, Information technology — Security techniques — Guidelines for cybersecurity, First Edition, July 2012. Global Standards  

Stakeholder

<system> individual or organization having a right, share, claim or interest in a system or in its possession of characteristics that meet their needs and expectations [ISO/IEC 12207:2008] Source: ISO/IEC 27032:2015, Information technology — Security techniques — Guidelines for cybersecurity, First Edition, July 2012. Global Standards  

Stakeholder

Person or organization that can affect, be affected by, or perceive themselves to be affected by a decision or activity. [SOURCE: ISO Guide 73:2009]. Source: ISO/IEC 27000:2014, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Overview and vocabulary, Third Edition, January 2014. Global Standards
Shoe Track

Shoe Track

Definition(s)


Shoe track

The space inside the casing between the float/guide shoe and the landing/float collar. NOTE This space provides a volume that helps prevent over displacement of the primary cement job; thus, the shoe track is typically filled with cement or a cement-mud combination due to wiper plug mud film displacement. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
SEMS

SEMS

Definition(s)


SEMS

Safety and environmental management system. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards Source: API  Bulletin 97, Well Construction Interface Document Guidelines, First Edition, December 2013. Global Standards Source:API RP T-1, Creating Orientation Programs for Personnel Going Offshore, Fifth Edition, November 2016. Global Standards
Safety and Environmental Management System

Safety and Environmental Management System

Definition(s)


Safety and environmental management system (SEMS)

Structured set of interdependent doctrines, documents, and principles that are intended to ensure that the activities of an organization are directed, planned, and conducted safely. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards Source: API  Bulletin 97, Well Construction Interface Document Guidelines, First Edition, December 2013. Global Standards
Riserless Casing String

Riserless Casing String

Definition(s)


Riserless casing string

A string run in open water prior to the subsea stack being landed. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Riser Margin

Riser Margin

Definition(s)


Riser margin

The difference between the hydrostatic pressure generated by the mud column in the riser to the mud line and the hydrostatic pressure generated by the seawater column to the mud line. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Piloted Hydraulic

Piloted Hydraulic

Definition(s)


Piloted hydraulic

Type of control system that uses individual hydraulic lines to actuate a subsea valve in the control pod, which allows hydraulic actuation fluid flow to function a BOP component. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Physical Barrier

Physical Barrier

Definition(s)


Physical Barrier

Material object or set of objects intended to prevent the transmission of pressure and fluid flow from one side of the barrier to the other side. NOTE 1 The barrier is designed to withstand all anticipated pressures at its relative position in the wellbore. It may be verified by testing to its full-anticipated load or verified by alternative evaluation (refer to 5.3.2). NOTE 2 Includes mechanical barriers, cement barriers, and hydrostatic barriers. NOTE 3 Does not include operational barriers. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Physical Barrier

A physical barrier means a function that can prevent or limit harm in the event of an unwanted incident. Other acute situations may, inter alia, constitute hazard and accident situations that have occurred, weather conditions that reduce the possibility of transporting personnel from the facility etc. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Activities Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  
Operational Barrier

Operational Barrier

Definition(s)


Operational barrier

A human action or response that results in the activation of a physical barrier, thereby enhancing the total system reliability. NOTE Operational barriers by themselves do not constitute a physical barrier. EXAMPLES Process to close BOPs; the detection of an influx. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Open Water

Open Water

Definition(s)


Open water

Column of seawater between the subsea wellhead and floating rig without the riser installed. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Nonaqueous Fluid

Nonaqueous Fluid

Definition(s)


Nonaqueous fluid (NAF)

An emulsion where the continuous phase is a water immiscible fluid (i.e. synthetic or mineral oil) and water (commonly brine) is the discontinuous, dispersed internal phase. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Lower Riser Package

Lower Riser Package

Definition(s)


Lower Riser Package

Subsea equipment package which forms part of the lower workover riser package and typically consists of a WCT-BOP and tree running tool. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards

Lower Riser Package or LRP

Used for intervention, flowing or vertical tree installation. It contains a series of isolation and cutting valves as part of, or in addition to, the emergency disconnect package. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Mudline Shut-in Pressure

Mudline Shut-in Pressure

Definition(s)


Mudline shut-in pressure

Internal pressure at mudline assuming that the mud in the hole is fully or partially replaced by a hydrostatic column of formation fluid supplied by its reservoir at its depth and static pressure. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Metocean

Metocean

Definition(s)


Metocean

Meteorological and oceanographic data, such as wind, wave, water current, and tidal condition measurements. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Landing String

Landing String

Definition(s)


Landing String

All the equipment of the riser above the tubing hanger that is contained wholly or partly within the BOP stack and up to the first standard riser joint. NOTE For live well operations, the landing string typically consists of a tubing hanger running tool, subsea test tree, shear sub, retainer valve and lubricator valve. For killed well operations, the landing string typically consists of a tubing hanger running tool and tubing hanger orientation joint or slick joint. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards

Landing String

Jointed pipe used to run casing strings, liners, or tubing. NOTE A landing string can be designed to have a higher load capacity and is often inspected to a higher acceptance criterion than a string used for drilling. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Kill-weight Fluid

Kill-weight Fluid

Definition(s)


Kill-weight fluid

Fluid with sufficient density such that the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid column is greater than formation pressure. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Negative Differential Test

Negative Differential Test

Definition(s)


Inflow test or negative test or negative differential test

A test in which the hydrostatic pressure is reduced such that the net differential pressure direction is from the formation into the wellbore. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Negative Test

Negative Test

Definition(s)


Inflow test or negative test or negative differential test

A test in which the hydrostatic pressure is reduced such that the net differential pressure direction is from the formation into the wellbore. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Inflow Test

Inflow Test

Definition(s)


Inflow test or negative test or negative differential test

A test in which the hydrostatic pressure is reduced such that the net differential pressure direction is from the formation into the wellbore. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Indirect Displacement

Indirect Displacement

Definition(s)


Indirect displacement

Staged (multi-step) displacement from one kill weight fluid to another (typically drilling mud to completion brine) in which an intermediate step involves a non-kill-weight fluid (e.g. seawater) being circulated into the well. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Fluid Column Barrier

Fluid Column Barrier

Definition(s)


Hydrostatic barrier or fluid column barrier

Hydrostatic pressure of a fluid column sufficient to prevent formation fluid influx into the wellbore. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Hydrostatic Barrier

Hydrostatic Barrier

Definition(s)


Hydrostatic barrier or fluid column barrier

Hydrostatic pressure of a fluid column sufficient to prevent formation fluid influx into the wellbore. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Fracture Stimulation

Fracture Stimulation

Definition(s)


Fracture stimulation or hydraulic fracturing

A stimulation technique used to create a fracture in the reservoir formation to increase productivity of the well. NOTE Proppant is used in the fracturing fluid to hold the fracture open, thus maintaining a high conductivity path into the wellbore. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Emergency Disconnect Sequence

Emergency Disconnect Sequence

Definition(s)


Emergency disconnect sequence

Upon human activation, provides automatic closure of the wellbore and automatic disconnect of lower riser package when specific emergency conditions occur on a floating drilling vessel. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
Emergency Disconnect Package

Emergency Disconnect Package

Definition(s)


Emergency Disconnect Package

Subsea equipment package that typically forms part of the lower workover riser package and provides a disconnection point between the riser and subsea equipment. NOTE This equipment is used when it is required to disconnect the riser from the well, typically in case of a vessel drift-off or other emergency that could move the vessel away from the well location. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards

Emergency disconnect package (EDP)

Equipment that allows a completion/intervention riser to be disconnected from the lower riser package in an emergency situation. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards