Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Definition(s)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Ratio of the signal from a significant imperfection or defect to signals generated from surface noise. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Signal

Signal

Definition(s)

Signal

Response of electronic NDT equipment to an imperfection or defect. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  

Signal

Audible indication giving information about the condition of a system or equipment. Source: IMO resolution A.1021(26), Code on Alarms and Indicators, 2009, 18 January 2010, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Sensitivity

Sensitivity

Definition(s)

Sensitivity

Size of the smallest discontinuity detectable by an NDT method with a reasonable signal to-noise ratio. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Seamless Pipe

Seamless Pipe

Definition(s)

Seamless Pipe

Tubular product fabricated without a welded seam. NOTE Typically manufactured in a hot forming process by extrusion or drawing which can be followed by cold sizing or finishing to the desired shape, dimensions and properties. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards

Seamless Pipe

Wrought steel tubular product made without a welded seam. NOTE Seamless pipe is manufactured by hot-working steel and, if necessary, by subsequently cold finishing the hot-worked tubular product to produce the desired shape, dimensions and properties. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  

Seamless Pipe

Wrought steel tubular product made without a weld seam. Source: API RP 7G-2, Recommended Practice for Inspection and Classification of Used Drill Stem Elements, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards  

Seamless Pipe

Tubular product made without a welded seam, manufactured in a hot-forming process using an extrusion or drawing process that can be followed by cold sizing or cold finishing to produce the desired shape, dimensions and properties. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Seamless Pipe

Wrought steel tubular product made without a weld seam. NOTE It is manufactured by hot-working steel, and if necessary, by subsequently cold-working or heat-treating, or a combination of these operations, to produce the desired shape, dimensions and properties. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards  

Seamless Pipe

Wrought steel tubular product made without a weld seam. NOTE It is manufactured by hot working and, if necessary, by subsequently cold-working or heat-treating, or a combination of these operations, to produce the desired shape, dimensions and properties. [ISO 11960:2004, definition 4.1.37]. Source: API SPEC 5DP, Specification for Drill Pipe, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards
Scanner

Scanner

Definition(s)

Scanner

Detector assembly carrying one or more transducers, used for detecting imperfections and defects in OCTG. NOTE The scanner is often equipped with a magnetizer and is a part of it. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Root

Root

Definition(s)

Root

Bottom of a thread. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Relevant Indication

Relevant Indication

Definition(s)

Relevant Indication

Any indication [liquid penetrant (LP) or magnetic particle (MP) examination] with a major dimension greater than 1.6 mm (0.062 in.).
  • NOTE: Inherent indications not associated with a surface rupture are considered nonrelevant indications.
Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Relevant Indication

Surface NDE indication (iquid penetrant or magnetic particle examination) with a major dimension greater than 1.6 mm (0.062 in)
  • NOTE: Inherent indications not associated with a surface rupture are considered non-relevant indications.
Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Relevant Indication

NDT indication that is caused by a condition or type of discontinuity that requires evaluation. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  

Relevant Indication

Surface-rupture NDE indication with major dimensions greater than 1,6 mm (1/16 in). NOTE Inherent indications not associated with a surface rupture are considered non-relevant. Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards  

Relevant Indication

Only those indications with major dimensions greater than 1⁄16 inch shall be considered relevant. Inherent indications not associated with a surface rupture (for example, magnetic permeability variations and non-metallic stringers) are considered non-relevant. If magnetic particle indications are believed to be non-relevant, they shall be examined by liquid penetrant surface NDE methods or removed and reinspected to prove their non-relevancy. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global Standards
Reference Standard

Reference Standard

Definition(s)

Reference Standard

Pipe, or pipe section, containing one or more reference indicators, used as a basis for comparison or for inspection equipment standardization. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Reference Indicator

Reference Indicator

Definition(s)

Reference Indicator

Real or artificial discontinuity in a reference standard, which provides reproducible sensitivity levels for inspection equipment. EXAMPLES Artificial reference indicators can be holes, notches, grooves or slots. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Pulser

Pulser

Definition(s)

Pulser

Electronic device and probe for generating a controlled-magnitude magnetic pulse, used for standardizing transducers. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Pulse

Pulse

Definition(s)

Pulse

Wave of short duration. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Prime Pipe

Prime Pipe

Definition(s)

Prime Pipe

Pipe meeting all of the specified inspection and testing requirements. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Power-Tight

Power-Tight

Definition(s)

Power-Tight

Threaded connection that has been fully made up by mechanical means, using power tongs or a screw-on machine. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Powder-Dry

Powder-Dry

Definition(s)

Powder-Dry

Sufficiently dry to allow any type of powder, when applied to the surface, to be blown from the surface without residue remaining. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Planar Imperfection

Planar Imperfection

Definition(s)

Planar Imperfection

Imperfection lying in one geometric plane that is normally parallel to, and within, the outer and inner surfaces. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Plain End

Plain End

Definition(s)

Plain-End Pipe

Pipe without threads or tool-joint. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  

Plain End

Drill pipe, tubing, or casing without threads. The pipe ends may or may not be upset. Source: API RP 7G, Recommended Practice for Drill Stem Design and Operating Limits, Upstream Segment, Sixteenth Edition, August 1998 (Addendum 2: September 2009). Global Standards  
Pit

Pit

Definition(s)

Pit

Depression or cavity that can be caused by corrosion or removal of rolled-in or extraneous material. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  

Pit

Depression resulting from corrosion or removal of foreign material rolled into the surface during manufacture. Source: API RP 7G-2, Recommended Practice for Inspection and Classification of Used Drill Stem Elements, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards  

Pit

Pit―for purposes of this Chapter, a natural topographic depression or man-made excavation used to hold produced water or other exploration and production waste, hydrocarbon storage brine, or mining water. The term does not include lined sumps less than 660 gallons or containment dikes, ring levees or firewalls constructed around oil and gas facilities. Source: Natural Resources, Office of Conservation – General Operations, Louisiana Administrative Code, Title 43, Part XIX, March 2013. Regulations  

Pit

Pit―an earthen surface impoundment constructed to retain E and P Waste, often referred to as a pond or lagoon. The term does not include lined sumps less than 660 gallons. Source: Natural Resources, Office of Conservation – General Operations, Louisiana Administrative Code, Title 43, Part XIX, March 2013. Regulations  

Pit

PIT shall mean any natural or man-made depression in the ground used for oil or gas exploration or production purposes. Pit does not include steel, fiberglass, concrete or other similar vessels which do not release their contents to surrounding soils. Source: Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Practice and Procedure, Code of Colorado Regulations, 2 CCR 404-1, February 2013. Regulations  

Pit

“Pit” means a surface or sub-surface impoundment, man-made or natural depression or diked area on the surface.  Excluded from this definition are berms constructed around tanks or other facilities solely for safety, secondary containment and storm water or run-on control. Source: Oil and Gas, New Mexico Administrative Code Title 19, Chapter 15, January 2013. Regulations  
Pipe

Pipe

Definition(s)

Pipe

A pressure-tight cylinder used to convey, distribute, mix, separate, discharge, meter, control or snub fluid flows, or to transmit a fluid pressure and that is ordinarily designated “pipe” in applicable material specifications.
  • NOTE: Materials designated as “tube” or “tubing” in the specifications are treated as pipe in this Code when intended for pressure service external to fired heaters. Piping internal to fired heaters should be in compliance with API 530.
Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

 

Pipe

Casing, tubing and pup joints as a group. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards  

Pipe

Pipe:
  1. means a pipe for the purpose of conveying petroleum or a greenhouse gas substance; and
  2. includes:
    1. a petroleum or greenhouse gas pipeline; and
    2. a secondary line.
 Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Safety) Regulations 2009 (Select Legislative Instrument 2009 No. 382 as amended), Australia, prepared on 1 January 2012. Regulations  

Pipe

Plain end casing, tubing and pup joint as group. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards  

Pipe

Oil field casing, tubing, plain-end casing liners, pup joints and plain-end drill pipe. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Pin End

Pin End

Definition(s)

Pin End

Externally-threaded end of a pipe without a coupling applied. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  

Pin End

A threaded connection on Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG) that has external (male) threads. Source: API RP 7G, Recommended Practice for Drill Stem Design and Operating Limits, Upstream Segment, Sixteenth Edition, August 1998 (Addendum 2: September 2009). Global Standards  

Pin End

End of the pipe with external threads. Source: API RP 7G-2, Recommended Practice for Inspection and Classification of Used Drill Stem Elements, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards  

Pin End

External (male) threads of a threaded connection. Source: API SPEC 7-1, Specification for Rotary Drill Stem Elements, First Edition, March 2006 (Addendum April 2011). Global Standards
Perfect Thread Length

Perfect Thread Length

Definition(s)

Perfect Thread Length

Design length from the end of pipe or coupling to a specified location. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Oil Country Tubular Goods

Oil Country Tubular Goods

Definition(s)

Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG)

Casing, tubing, plain-end casing liners, pup joints, couplings, accessories and plain-end drill pipe. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Notch

Notch

Definition(s)

Notch

Reference indicator with specified geometry. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Non-Full-Crested Thread

Non-Full-Crested Thread

Definition(s)

Non-Full-Crested Thread

Thread that does not have a complete thread crest. EXAMPLE Black-crested thread. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  

Non-Full-Crested Threads

Non-full-crested threads have historically been, and continue to be, referred to as black-crested threads because the original mill surface has not been removed. The term black crested thread is a useful descriptive term, however, it should be understood that there can also be non-full-crested threads that are not black. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Non-Destructive Test

Non-Destructive Test

Definition(s)

Non-Destructive Test (NDT)

Test used to detect internal, surface and concealed defects or imperfections in materials, using techniques that do not damage or destroy the items being tested. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
No-Drift

No-Drift

Definition(s)

No-Drift

Length of pipe through which a drift mandrel of specified diameter will not pass without undue force. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Mill Scale

Mill Scale

Definition(s)

Mill Scale

Iron oxide that forms on the surface of hot steel. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Mill End

Mill End

Definition(s)

Mill End

Pipe end having the coupling, box and/or mill identification. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Marking

Marking

Definition(s)

Marking

Assorted marks on tubular products including marks made for inspection with paint sticks and stencils, and ball-point paint tubes. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Magnetometer

Magnetometer

Definition(s)

Magnetometer

Mechanical or electronic instrument used to measure magnetic field strength. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
Magnetizing Force

Magnetizing Force

Definition(s)

Magnetizing Force

Magnetic field strength. NOTE In the Gaussian system, the symbol is Hs and quantities are expressed in oersteds. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards