Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
Skip
Definition(s)
Skip
Path of the ultrasonic beam in the OCTG from the point of entry on the surface to the back surface and reflecting to the front surface again. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSkip
“Skip” means a stage, cage, basket or wet bell in which a diver may be lowered to or raised from an underwater work site (skip). Source: Canada Oil and Gas Diving Regulations, SOR/88-600, February 2013. Regulations Source: Nova Scotia Offshore Area Petroleum Diving Regulations, SOR/95-189, Canada, current to May 31, 2012. RegulationsSkelp
Definition(s)
Skelp
Coil or strip of metal produced to a certain thickness, width, and edge configuration from which welded pipe is made. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSkelp
Hot-rolled steel strip used for manufacturing EW pipe. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global StandardsShoe
Definition(s)
Shoe
See Detector Shoe. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSTC
Definition(s)
STC
Short round thread casing connection. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSMLS
Definition(s)
SMLS
Seamless casing or tubing (including attached couplings). Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSEA
Definition(s)
SEA
End area inspection (formerly called special end area inspection). Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsStraightness
Definition(s)
Straightness
Degree to which the longitudinal axis of a length of OCTG is parallel to a straight line. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsStandardization Check
Definition(s)
Standardization Check
Check of the standardization adjustments to ensure that they remain correct. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsStandardization
Definition(s)
Standardization
The adjustment of an NDT instrument using an appropriate reference standard, to obtain or establish a known and reproducible response. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsStandardization
Adjustment of instruments prior to use to an arbitrary reference value. Source: API RP 7G-2, Recommended Practice for Inspection and Classification of Used Drill Stem Elements, First Edition, August 2009. Global StandardsStandardization
Activity for the establishment of rules and characteristics for the purposes of their voluntary and repeated utilisation aimed to ensure orderliness in the spheres of manufacture and circulation of products and to raise the level of competitiveness of products, works or services. Source: Federal Law on Technical Regulation, No. 184-FZ, Russian Federation, December 2002 (amended September 2010). RegulationsSource
Definition(s)
Source
Origin of radiation, which is an x-ray tube or radioisotope. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSource
Flow into a system Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsSource
Reason for the presence of a cause or defeating factor, or for the presence of the hazard itself. Sources can be operations (e.g., running casing), necessary equipment (e.g., pressure vessel, energized electrical panel, etc.), necessary materials (e.g. hazardous chemicals), etc. Other Related Terms and Definitions: ISO Guide 73 – Item or activity having a potential for a consequence (in the context of safety, source is a hazard). Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC GuidelinesSignal-to-Noise Ratio
Definition(s)
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Ratio of the signal from a significant imperfection or defect to signals generated from surface noise. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSignal
Definition(s)
Signal
Response of electronic NDT equipment to an imperfection or defect. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSignal
Audible indication giving information about the condition of a system or equipment. Source: IMO resolution A.1021(26), Code on Alarms and Indicators, 2009, 18 January 2010, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceSensitivity
Definition(s)
Sensitivity
Size of the smallest discontinuity detectable by an NDT method with a reasonable signal to-noise ratio. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSeamless Pipe
Definition(s)
Seamless Pipe
Tubular product fabricated without a welded seam. NOTE Typically manufactured in a hot forming process by extrusion or drawing which can be followed by cold sizing or finishing to the desired shape, dimensions and properties. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global StandardsSeamless Pipe
Wrought steel tubular product made without a welded seam. NOTE Seamless pipe is manufactured by hot-working steel and, if necessary, by subsequently cold finishing the hot-worked tubular product to produce the desired shape, dimensions and properties. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsSeamless Pipe
Wrought steel tubular product made without a weld seam. Source: API RP 7G-2, Recommended Practice for Inspection and Classification of Used Drill Stem Elements, First Edition, August 2009. Global StandardsSeamless Pipe
Tubular product made without a welded seam, manufactured in a hot-forming process using an extrusion or drawing process that can be followed by cold sizing or cold finishing to produce the desired shape, dimensions and properties. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsSeamless Pipe
Wrought steel tubular product made without a weld seam. NOTE It is manufactured by hot-working steel, and if necessary, by subsequently cold-working or heat-treating, or a combination of these operations, to produce the desired shape, dimensions and properties. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global StandardsSeamless Pipe
Wrought steel tubular product made without a weld seam. NOTE It is manufactured by hot working and, if necessary, by subsequently cold-working or heat-treating, or a combination of these operations, to produce the desired shape, dimensions and properties. [ISO 11960:2004, definition 4.1.37]. Source: API SPEC 5DP, Specification for Drill Pipe, First Edition, August 2009. Global StandardsScanner
Definition(s)
Scanner
Detector assembly carrying one or more transducers, used for detecting imperfections and defects in OCTG. NOTE The scanner is often equipped with a magnetizer and is a part of it. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsString Items
Definition(s)
String Items
String items are defined as items that are all integral parts of the conduit (“string”) used for production or injection of well effluents. The string is built by screwing together a variety of equipment items. Source: API STD 689, Collection and Exchange of Reliability and Maintenance Data for Equipment, First Edition, July 2007. Global StandardsSafe Failures or Spurious Trip Failures
Definition(s)
Safe Failures or Spurious Trip Failures
Safe failures (spurious trip failures) are failures that have the potential to trigger the safety function when it is not needed. A single safe failure is generally not sufficient to actually trip unexpectedly a redundant safety system (e.g. 2 safe failures are needed for a 2-out-of-3 voting system). Source: API STD 689, Collection and Exchange of Reliability and Maintenance Data for Equipment, First Edition, July 2007. Global StandardsSpurious Trip
Definition(s)
Spurious Trip
Unexpected shutdown results from error(s) in the control/monitoring system or error(s) imposed on the control/monitoring system originating from the environment or people.For some equipment, “spurious stop” is defined as a failure mode that can be either a real trip or a spurious trip as defined above depending on cause. Source: API STD 689, Collection and Exchange of Reliability and Maintenance Data for Equipment, First Edition, July 2007. Global StandardsShutdown
Definition(s)
Shutdown
Shutdown of machinery refers to the situation when the machinery is shut down from normal operating condition to full stop. Two types of shutdown exist: trip and shutdown. Source: API STD 689, Collection and Exchange of Reliability and Maintenance Data for Equipment, First Edition, July 2007. Global StandardsSurveillance Period
Definition(s)
Surveillance Period
Interval of time (calendar time) between the start date and end date of RM data collection. NOTE For more detailed definitions and interpretations, see Annex C. Source: API STD 689, Collection and Exchange of Reliability and Maintenance Data for Equipment, First Edition, July 2007. Global StandardsSubunit
Definition(s)
Subunit
Assembly of items that provides a specific function that is required for the equipment unit within the main boundary to achieve its intended performance. Source: API STD 689, Collection and Exchange of Reliability and Maintenance Data for Equipment, First Edition, July 2007. Global StandardsSet Pressure
Definition(s)
Set Pressure
Inlet gauge pressure at which a pressure-relief device is set to open under service conditions.
Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards