Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
Leakage
Definition(s)
Leakage
Visible passage of fluid during pressurization or a hold period from the inside to the outside of the pressure-containment area of the equipment being tested. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsLeakage
Visible passage of pressurized fluid from the inside to the outside of the pressure containment area of the equipment being tested. Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsIntegral, Adj 〈parts〉
Definition(s)
Integral (adjective)
{Parts} joined by the forging, casting, or welding process. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsIntegral, Adj 〈parts〉
Joined by the forging, casting or welding process. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsHub
Definition(s)
Hub
Protruding rim with an external angled shoulder and a sealing mechanism used to join pressure-containing equipment. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsHot-Work, Verb
Definition(s)
Hot-Work, (verb)
Deform metal plastically at a temperature above the recrystallization temperature. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsHeat Treatment Load
Definition(s)
Heat Treatment Load
- For batch furnaces: material placed on loading or carry devices and moved as a batch through one heat treat cycle
- For continuous furnaces: group of pieces of material with the same nominal size that is moved sequentially through the heat treatment process using the same process parameters.
Heat Treatment Load
That material moved as a batch through one heat treatment cycle. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsHeat or Cast Lot
Definition(s)
Heat or Cast Lot
Material originating from a final melt. NOTE For remelted alloys, a heat is defined as the raw material originating from a single remelted ingot. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsGasket-Retaining Load
Definition(s)
Gasket-Retaining Load
Portion of the clamping load required to offset the separating force the gasket exerts on the hubs when pressurized. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsGasket-Retaining Load
That portion of the clamping load required to offset the separating force the gasket exerts on the mating parts when pressurized. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsGasket-Seating Load
Definition(s)
Gasket-Seating Load
That portion of the clamping load required to seat the gasket and bring the hub faces into contact. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsGasket-Seating Load
That portion of the clamping load required to seat the gasket and bring the mating RCD and RCD bearing assembly faces into contact. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsFull-Penetration Weld
Definition(s)
Full-Penetration Weld
Weld that extends throughout the complete wall section of the parts joined. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsData Acquisition System
Definition(s)
Data Acquisition System
System for capturing and storing data- NOTE: Examples include strip chart recorders, circular chart recorders, or computer systems.
Data Acquisition System
System for storing and/or providing permanent copies of test information. EXAMPLES Strip chart recorders, circular chart recorders or computer systems. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsData Acquisition System
A system for storing and/or providing permanent copies of test information, such as: strip chart recorders, circular chart recorders, or computer systems. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsClamping Load
Definition(s)
Clamping Load
Axial load applied to clamp hubs by the clamp due to bolt tightening. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsClamping Load
The axial load applied to the clamp hubs by the clamp due to hydraulic force or bolt tightening. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsClamp, Noun
Definition(s)
Clamp, (noun)
Device with internal angled shoulders used to fasten mating hubs. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsClamp
Device with internal angled shoulders used to fasten mating hubs. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsCast, Verb
Definition(s)
Cast, Verb
To pour molten metal into a mold to produce an object of desired shape. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsCast, Verb
Pour molten metal into a mould to produce an object of desired shape. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsBolting
Definition(s)
Bolting
All threaded fasteners, tap-end studs, double-ended studs, headed bolts, cap screws, screws, and nuts.
Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsBolting
All-thread studs, tap-end studs, double-ended studs, headed bolts, cap screws, screws, and nuts.
Source: API Specification 20E, Alloy and Carbon Steel Bolting for Use in the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries, Second Edition, February 2017. Global StandardsBolting
All threaded fasteners, including studs, tap-end studs, double-ended studs, headed bolts, cap screws, screws, and nuts. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsBolting
Threaded fasteners used to join end or outlet connections. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsBolting
Threaded fasteners (studs, nuts, bolts and cap screws) used to assemble pressure containing parts or join end or outlet connections. Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global StandardsBolting
Threaded fasteners used to join end or outlet connections. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsBlind Connection
Definition(s)
Blind Connection
End or outlet connection with no center bore, used to completely close off an outlet. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsBlind Connection
End or outlet connection with no centre bore, used to completely close off a connection. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsWRSV
Definition(s)
WRSV
Wireline-retrievable safety valve. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsTRSV
Definition(s)
TRSV
Tubing-retrievable safety valve. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsSSSV
Definition(s)
SSSV
Subsurface safety valve. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards Source: API RP 2SIM, Structural Integrity Management of Fixed Offshore Structures, First Edition, November 2014. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsSSSV
Sub Surface Safety Valve. Source: NOGEPA Industrial Guideline No. 41, Well Construction Process Checklist, Drilling Best Practices, Netherlands, Version 0, December 2011. Global Standards Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global StandardsSSCSV
Definition(s)
SSCSV
Subsurface controlled subsurface safety valve. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsValidation Test
Definition(s)
Validation Test
Test performed to qualify a particular size, type and model of equipment for a specific class of service. NOTE See Annex B for details. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsTest Section
Definition(s)
Test Section
Test apparatus which contains the SSSV and provides for connection to a test facility's validation test apparatus. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsSulfide Stress Cracking (SSC)
Definition(s)
Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC)
Cracking of metal involving corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) in the presence of water and H2S. NOTE SSC is a form of hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) and involves embrittlement of the metal by atomic hydrogen that is produced by acid corrosion on the metal surface. Hydrogen uptake is promoted in the presence of sulfides. The atomic hydrogen can diffuse into the metal, reduce ductility and increase susceptibility to cracking. High strength metallic materials and hard weld zones are prone to SSC. [ISO 15156-1]. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsSulfide Stress Cracking
Cracking of metal involving corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) in the presence of water and H2S NOTE SSC is a form of hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) and involves embrittlement of the metal by atomic hydrogen that is produced by acid corrosion on the metal surface. Hydrogen uptake is promoted in the presence of sulfides. The atomic hydrogen can diffuse into the metal, reduce ductility and increase susceptibility to cracking. High strength metallic materials and hard weld zones are prone to SSC. [ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.23] Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global StandardsStress Cracking
Definition(s)
Stress Cracking
Stress corrosion cracking, or sulfide stress cracking, or both. NOTE Adapted from NACE MR0175: Jan 2003. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsStress Corrosion Cracking (SCC)
Definition(s)
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC)
Cracking of metal involving anodic processes of localized corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) in the presence of water and H2S. NOTE Chlorides and/or oxidants and elevated temperature can increase the susceptibility of metals to this mechanism of attack. [ISO 15156-1]. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsStress Corrosion Cracking
The cracking which results from a combination of corrosion and stress. Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global StandardsStress Corrosion Cracking
Cracking induced by a combination of stress and corrosion. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsStress Corrosion Cracking
Cracking of metal involving anodic processes of localized corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied). NOTE 1 Parameters that influence the susceptibility to SCC are temperature, pH, chlorides, dissolved oxygen, H2S and CO2. NOTE 2 The above definition differs from that of the same term given in ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.21, since it includes external environments. Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global StandardsSubsurface Safety Valve Equipment or SSSV Equipment
Definition(s)
Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment or SSSV Equipment
Subsurface safety valve, and all components that establish tolerances and/or clearances which can affect its performance or interchangeability. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsSubsurface Safety Valve (SSSV)
Definition(s)
Subsurface Safety Valve (SSSV)
Device whose design function is to prevent uncontrolled well flow when closed. NOTE SSSVs can be installed and retrieved by wireline or pump-down methods (wireline retrievable) or be an integral part of the tubing string (tubing-retrievable). Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global StandardsSubsurface Safety Valve (SSSV)
device installed in a well below the wellhead with the design function to prevent uncontrolled well flow when actuated Note 1 to entry: These devices can be installed and retrieved by wireline (Wireline retrievable) and/or pump down methods (TFL-Thru Flow Line) or be integral part of the tubing string (Tubing retrievable). Source: ISO/TR 12489:2013(E) Reliability modelling and calculation of safety systems. Global StandardsSpecial Feature
Definition(s)
Special Feature
Specific additional functional capability not specifically described in the validation profile test sequences in Annex A.
Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global Standards