Adjusted Set Pressure

Adjusted Set Pressure

Definition(s)

Adjusted Set Pressure

Inlet static pressure at which a pressure-relief valve is adjusted to open on the test stand. See set pressure (3.19). NOTE 1 Adjusted set pressure is equivalent to set pressure for direct-mounted end-of-line installations. NOTE 2 The adjusted set pressure includes corrections for service conditions of superimposed back-pressure. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards
Accumulation

Accumulation

Definition(s)

Accumulation

Pressure increase over the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) of the vessel during discharge through the pressure-relief device.
  • NOTE Accumulation is expressed in units of pressure or as a percentage of MAWP or design pressure. Maximum allowable accumulations are established by pressure design codes for emergency operating and fire contingencies.
Source:API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards

Accumulation

Pressure increase over the maximum allowable working pressure or design pressure of the vessel allowed during discharge through the pressure-relief device.
  • NOTE Accumulation is expressed in units of pressure or as a percentage of MAWP or design pressure. Maximum allowable accumulations are established by pressure-design codes for emergency operating and fire contingencies.
Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards
Critical Thickness

Critical Thickness

Definition(s)

Critical Thickness

The critical thickness for API couplings is defined as the thickness at the root of the thread at the middle of the coupling, based on the specified coupling diameter and the specified thread dimensions. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Yield Stress Bias

Yield Stress Bias

Definition(s)

Yield Stress Bias

Ratio of actual yield stress to specified minimum yield stress. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Yield

Yield

Definition(s)

Yield

Permanent, inelastic deformation. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
True Stress-Strain Curve

True Stress-Strain Curve

Definition(s)

True Stress-Strain Curve

Plot of Cauchy stress (ordinate) vs. logarithmic strain (abscissa).   Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
TPI

TPI

Definition(s)

TPI

Third-party inspection. Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

TPI

Threads per inch.
  • NOTE: 1 thread per inch = 0,039 4 threads per millimetre; 1 thread per millimetre = 25,4 threads per inch.
Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards
Synthesis Method

Synthesis Method

Definition(s)

Synthesis Method

Probability approach which addresses the uncertainty and likely values of pipe performance properties by using distributions of geometric and material property values. NOTE These distributions are combined with a limit state equation to determine the statistical distribution of a performance property. The performance distribution in combination with a defined lower percentile determines the final design equation. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Probabilistic Method

Probabilistic Method

Definition(s)

Probabilistic Method

Approach which uses distributions of geometric and material property values to calculate a distribution of performance property values. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Principal Stress

Principal Stress

Definition(s)

Principal Stress

Stress on a principal plane for which the shear stress is zero. NOTE For any general state of stress at any point, there exist three mutually perpendicular planes at that point on which shearing stresses are zero. The remaining normal stress components on these three planes are principal stresses. The largest of these three stresses is called the maximum principal stress. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Pipe Body Yield

Pipe Body Yield

Definition(s)

Pipe Body Yield

Stress state necessary to initiate yield at any location in the pipe body. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Mass

Mass

Definition(s)

Mass

Label used to represent wall thickness of tube cross section for a given pipe size. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  

Mass

Amount of matter that an object contains. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Logarithmic Strain

Logarithmic Strain

Definition(s)

Logarithmic Strain

Dimensionless measure of the stretch of a deforming line element, defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of the current length of the line element to its original length  1 NOTE Alternatively, the logarithmic strain can be estimated as the natural logarithm of one plus the engineering strain. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Limit State Equation

Limit State Equation

Definition(s)

Limit State Equation

Equation which, when used with the measured geometry and material properties of a sample, produces an estimate of the failure value of that sample. NOTE A limit state equation describes the performance of an individual sample as closely as possible, without regard for the tolerances to which the sample was built. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Inspection Threshold

Inspection Threshold

Definition(s)

Inspection Threshold

Maximum size of a crack-like imperfection which is defined to be acceptable by the inspection system. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Engineering Stress

Engineering Stress

Definition(s)

Engineering Stress

Force applied to the surface of a body divided by the original area of that surface. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Engineering Strain

Engineering Strain

Definition(s)

Engineering Strain

Dimensionless measure of the stretch of a deforming line element, defined as the change in length of the line element divided by its original length. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Effective Stress

Effective Stress

Definition(s)

Effective Stress

Combination of pressure and axial stress used in this Technical Report to simplify equations. NOTE: Effective stress as used in this Technical Report does not introduce a distinct, physically defined stress quantity. Effective stress is a dependent quantity, which is determined as a combination of axial stress, internal pressure, external pressure and pipe dimensions, and provides a convenient grouping of these terms in some equations. The effective stress is sometimes called the Lubinski fictitious stress. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
E or Euler’s Constant

E or Euler’s Constant

Definition(s)

E or Euler's Constant

2,718 281 828. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Ductile Rupture

Ductile Rupture

Definition(s)

Ductile Rupture

Failure of a tube due to internal pressure and/or axial tension in the plastic deformation range. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Deterministic

Deterministic

Definition(s)

Deterministic

Approach which assumes all variables controlling a performance property are known with certainty. NOTE Pipe performance properties generally depend on one or more controlling parameters. A deterministic equation uses specific geometric and material property values to calculate a single performance property value. For design formulations, this value is the expected minimum. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Design Equation

Design Equation

Definition(s)

Design Equation

Equation which, based on production measurements or specifications, provides a performance property useful in design calculations. NOTE A design equation can be defined by applying reasonable extremes to the variables in a limit state equation to arrive at a conservative value of expected performance. When statistically derived, the design equation corresponds to a defined lower percentile of the resistance probability distribution curve. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards
Coefficient of Variance

Coefficient of Variance

Definition(s)

Coefficient of Variance

Dimensionless measure of the dispersion of a random variable, calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the mean. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards
Cauchy Stress or True Stress

Cauchy Stress or True Stress

Definition(s)

Cauchy Stress or True Stress

Force applied to the surface of a body divided by the current area of that surface. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards
Hook Load

Hook Load

Definition(s)

Hook Load

“Hook load” is defined as the load being lifted plus the weight of the slings and rigging. Hook load may or may not include the weight of the hook block and wire rope. This may be determined from the crane’s load rating chart. Examples of ways to determine load weight are: Weight indicators, scales, and shorebase weighing. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  

Hook Load

The load being lifted, including the weight of all rigging.. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards
Log

Log

Definition(s)

Log

A means to record activities conducted. EXAMPLE Record, a record book, a logbook, a computerized database, or an electronic data collector. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards

Log

A “log” is defined as: A record, a record book, a logbook, a computerized database or an electronic data collector. Note: This log should be used for Pre-use Inspection reporting, and may also be used for documenting crane usage. The crane cab, a weather tight enclosure on the crane, or inside the nearest building are examples of appropriate locations for storage of logs. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  

Log

LOG or WELL LOG shall mean a systematic detailed record of formations encountered in the drilling of a well. Source: Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Practice and Procedure, Code of Colorado Regulations, 2 CCR 404-1, February 2013. Regulations  

Log

“Log” means a systematic detailed and correct record of formations encountered in drilling a well. Source: Oil and Gas, New Mexico Administrative Code Title 19, Chapter 15, January 2013. Regulations
Hands on Proficiency

Hands on Proficiency

Definition(s)

Hands on Proficiency

“Hands On” proficiency is defined as a physical means of verifying the following: 1. Crane Operator’s dexterity and coordination. 2. Crane Operator’s familiarity with overall machine functions and characteristics. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  
Pull Test

Pull Test

Definition(s)

Pull Test

A load that is applied to the crane structure that will not exceed 100 % of the crane’s onboard rated capacity as identified on the crane’s load chart. NOTE This is not a load test as described in 4.7.2 and Annex D. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards

Pull Test

A “pull test” is defined as a load that is applied to the crane structure that will not exceed 100% of the crane’s onboard rated capacity as identified on the crane’s load chart. THIS IS NOT A LOAD TEST AS DESCRIBED IN 3.5.3 AND APPENDIX E. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  
Working Load

Working Load

Definition(s)

Working Load

The external load in pounds (kilograms), applied to the crane including the weight of load-attaching equipment such as load block, shackles, and slings. NOTE The maximum allowable working load for a given condition is the safe working load (SWL). Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards

Working Load

The external load in pounds (kilograms), applied to the crane including the weight of load-attaching equipment such as load block, shackles, and slings. The maximum allowable working load for a given condition would be the Safe Working Load (SWL). Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards
Two-Blocking

Two-Blocking

Definition(s)

Two-Blocking

The condition when the lower load block, hook assembly or fastline ball contacts the upper load block or boom-point sheave assembly. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards