Power Factor

Power Factor

Definition(s)

Power Factor

Ratio of real power (measured in Hp (kW)) and apparent power (measured in kVAr).. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pour Point

Pour Point

Definition(s)

Pour Point

Lowest temperature at which a liquid will pour, or flow. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Potential or Head Energy

Potential or Head Energy

Definition(s)

Potential or Head Energy

Energy that can be converted to velocity or flow; this pressure is created through changes in elevation or by pump units that are equivalent to positive changes in elevation. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Potential Energy

Potential Energy

Definition(s)

Potential Energy

Energy of position (usually the energy input to the system such as at pumps. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Positive Choke

Positive Choke

Definition(s)

Positive Choke

Choke requiring orifice size change to change the rate of flow. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pocket (unloader)

Pocket (unloader)

Definition(s)

Pocket (unloader)

Reduces the flow through a reciprocating compressor by increasing the volumetric capacity of the compressor cylinder. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pit Level Indicator

Pit Level Indicator

Definition(s)

Pit Level Indicator

Device that constantly monitors the level of drilling fluid in the pits during operations incorporates float devices with sensors that report levels to a recording and alarm device (the pit volume recorder) placed near the driller’s position on the rig floor, the alarm is set to sound if the pit level goes too high or too low. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)

Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)

Definition(s)

Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)

Diagram showing the sequence of piping and instruments on a section of the line or vessel but not drawn to scale. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pipe Work (surface pipe connections)

Pipe Work (surface pipe connections)

Definition(s)

Pipe Work (surface pipe connections)

May be threaded, unions, clamps, or flanged. Flanged connections are preferable (not mandatory) especially in the higher pressure applications, unions and clamps are acceptable in low to medium pressure, functions, threaded connections are appropriate in low pressure operations only and care must be taken to avoid galling / thread damage. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pipe light

Pipe light

Definition(s)

Pipe light

A condition when the force acting on the drillstring from the wellbore pressure exceeds the weight of the drillstring. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pig Time

Pig Time

Definition(s)

Pig Time

Time required for a "pig" to traverse a section of line or vessel. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pig (pigged)

Pig (pigged)

Definition(s)

Pig (pigged)

Device, which may contain instruments, propelled by fluid down the line to clean pipe walls, gather information about the pipe, or separate different batches of fluid Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Peak Shaving

Peak Shaving

Definition(s)

Peak Shaving

  1. technique used to shift a portion of an electrical load at a peak time of day to a non-peak time;
  2. technique used to meet peek demands using alternate gas supplies such as storage, LNG or propane air.
Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pascal’s Laws

Pascal’s Laws

Definition(s)

Pascal's Laws

Pressure acts uniformly in all directions on a small volume of liquid; in a liquid confined by solid boundaries, pressure acts perpendicular to the boundary. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Partial Pressure

Partial Pressure

Definition(s)

Partial Pressure

Pressure a fluid would exert if it alone were present in the container. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Parasite (string, casing)

Parasite (string, casing)

Definition(s)

Parasite (string, casing)

Annulus or ID used to inject fluid at some depth below surface. The use is very similar to a gas lift mandrel. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Parallel Operation

Parallel Operation

Definition(s)

Parallel Operation

Configuration where pump or compressor capacities are additive while the head remains constant. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Panhandle Formula

Panhandle Formula

Definition(s)

Panhandle Formula

Empirical equation used for calculating flow in gas pipelines; two versions are Panhandle "A" (partially turbulent) and "B", sometimes- called Modified, (fully turbulent).. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Pack Off or Stripper Preventer

Pack Off or Stripper Preventer

Definition(s)

Pack Off or Stripper Preventer

Preventer having an element or packing material that relies on pressure from the wellbore for closure. Used primarily to strip pipe through the hole or allow pipe movement with pressure on the annulus. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Optimizer

Optimizer

Definition(s)

Optimizer

software that uses mathematical techniques to meet objective functions. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Optimization

Optimization

Definition(s)

Optimization

Selection of the most desirable combination of factors to meet a specified objective. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards  

Optimization

Application of OMS processes to improve activities as an enabler of higher output or efficiency versus input. While an OMS is primarily considered as a framework to manage risk, an objective of OMS is also to improve the benefits for stakeholders, including the commercial success of the company. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global Standards
Operating Point

Operating Point

Definition(s)

Operating Point

Point of intersection between a pump head-capacity curve and a system curve. This value is the maximum flow rate that a given pump can maintain in the line or vessel. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Operating Limits

Operating Limits

Definition(s)

Operating Limits

Set of established criteria, or limits, beyond which a device or process should not be operated. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards

Operating Limits

Set of limits for a section of line or vessel established to prevent over-pressuring. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Operating Capacity

Operating Capacity

Definition(s)

Operating Capacity

Average sustainable flow rate over specified periods taking into account routine and unexpected maintenance and operating problems. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Online Model

Online Model

Definition(s)

Online Model

Uses real-time telemetry (SCADA) to retrieve current operating data. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Oil and Gas Separator

Oil and Gas Separator

Definition(s)

Oil and Gas Separator

Equipment used to separate liquid phase of well production from the gas components. Separators may be vertical or horizontal, and are cylindrical or spherical in shape. Separation occurs essentially by gravity with the heavier liquids falling to the bottom and the lighter phases (gas) rising to the top. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards