Welder

Welder

Definition(s)

Welder

The person operating gas or electric welding equipment; the person physically doing the welding. In some publications this person is referred to as a welding operator. API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards
Risk-based Analysis

Risk-based Analysis

Definition(s)

Risk-based Analysis

A review of potential needs based on a risk assessment. Source: API Standards 2217A, Guidelines for Safe Work in Inert Confined Spaces in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Fourth Edition, July 2009. Global Standards API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards
Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs)

Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs)

Definition(s)

Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs)

Federal regulations set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, and found at 29 Code of Federal Regulations 1910.1000 and in the substance specific standards which follow. API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards
Inerting

Inerting

Definition(s)

Inerting

The process of eliminating the potential for a flammable atmosphere by using an inert gas such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide or steam (water vapor) to displace oxygen required for ignition. API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards  

Inerting

The process of eliminating the potential for a flammable atmosphere by using an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide to displace oxygen required for ignition. Source: API Standards 2217A, Guidelines for Safe Work in Inert Confined Spaces in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Fourth Edition, July 2009. Global Standards
Hydrogen Blister

Hydrogen Blister

Definition(s)

Hydrogen Blister

Bulge in steel caused by high pressure molecular hydrogen trapped at an internal flaw within steel. API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards
Fume

Fume

Definition(s)

Fume

Small diameter particulate matter formed when vaporized high molecular weight materials condense from the gaseous state. Although solids, fumes are small enough to behave like gases. API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards
Exposure Limit

Exposure Limit

Definition(s)

Exposure Limit

For chemical agents, a measure of the maximum airborne concentration limits for toxic substances to which workers may be exposed without protection (e.g., respirators). Exposure limits are usually expressed in parts per million or milligrams per cubic meter. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) from the manufacturer or supplier of the material should list exposure limits. API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards
Chronic Health Hazard

Chronic Health Hazard

Definition(s)

Chronic Health Hazard

Capable of causing adverse health effects resulting from exposure over a long period of time (often at low-level concentrations). API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards
Acute Hazard

Acute Hazard

Definition(s)

Acute Hazard

Capable of causing effects occurring from exposure over a short time, usually within minutes or hours. An acute exposure can result in short-term or long-term health effects. Source: API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards Source: API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards
Normal Atmospheric Conditions

Normal Atmospheric Conditions

Definition(s)

Normal Atmospheric Conditions

Normal atmospheric conditions are defined as conditions that vary above and below reference levels of 101.3 kPa (14.7 psia) and 200 °C (68 °F) provided that the variations have a negligible effect on the explosion properties of the flammable materials. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Ventilation, No

Ventilation, No

Definition(s)

Ventilation, No

The lack of ventilation in locations where no arrangements have been made to cause air replacement with fresh air. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Ventilation, Natural

Ventilation, Natural

Definition(s)

Ventilation, Natural

Movement of air and its replacement with fresh air due to the effects of wind or temperature gradients, or both. (Mod. IEC 60079-10) API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Ventilation, Local Artificial

Ventilation, Local Artificial

Definition(s)

Ventilation, Local Artificial

Movement of air and its replacement with fresh air by artificial means (usually extraction) applied to a particular source of release or local area. (IEC 60079-10) API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Ventilation, General Artificial

Ventilation, General Artificial

Definition(s)

Ventilation, General Artificial

Movement of air and its replacement with fresh air by artificial means (e.g. fans) and applied to a general area. (IEC 60079-10). API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Tanks, Sealed

Tanks, Sealed

Definition(s)

Tanks, Sealed

Tanks that are sealed against gas and vapor leakage and are without provisions for inspection or maintenance from within the location. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Tanks, Open

Tanks, Open

Definition(s)

Tanks, Open

Tanks that allow the continuous free communication of the tank’s internal atmosphere into the surrounding location or space. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Tanks, Closed Top

Tanks, Closed Top

Definition(s)

Tanks, Closed Top

Tanks with limited number of small openings or penetrations, such as shafts, through which gas may occasionally leak within the location. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Tanks, Accessible

Tanks, Accessible

Definition(s)

Tanks, Accessible

Tanks that under normal operating conditions are sealed against gas and vapor leakage, but the interior of which may be readily accessed for inspection and maintenance from within the location. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Spaces, Enclosed

Spaces, Enclosed

Definition(s)

Spaces, Enclosed

Spaces delineated by floors, bulkheads and decks, which may have doors or windows. (IMO—MODU Code 1.3.33. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Locations Semi-enclosed

Locations Semi-enclosed

Definition(s)

Locations Semi-enclosed

Locations where natural conditions of ventilation are notably different from those on open decks due to the presence of structures such as roofs, windbreaks and bulkheads and which are so arranged that dispersion of gas may not occur. (IMO—MODU Code 1.3.34. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Locations, Open (Outdoor)

Locations, Open (Outdoor)

Definition(s)

Locations, Open (Outdoor)

Locations substantially free of structures (or other obstructions) where natural ventilation is not impeded and causes the rapid dispersion (dilution) of gases and vapors, and stagnant areas are not present. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Type 3 Open Drains

Type 3 Open Drains

Definition(s)

Type 3 Open Drains

Type 3 Open Drains are open drains that can allow releases (through drain openings) of lighter-than-air flammable gases or vapors at atmospheric pressure. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Type 2 Open Drains

Type 2 Open Drains

Definition(s)

Type 2 Open Drains

Type 2 Open Drains are open drains that do not allow an accumulation of flammables above grade; flammables may accumulate below grade, however, due to flammable liquids or heavier-than-air flammable vapors settling into low spot(s) created by the drain or drain piping. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Type 1 Open Drains

Type 1 Open Drains

Definition(s)

Type 1 Open Drains

Type 1 Open Drains are open drains designed to be operated in such a manner to prevent flammables from entering or exiting the drain system. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Drain Entry

Drain Entry

Definition(s)

Drain Entry

A drain entry is defined as an open fluid collection system, such as a trough or gutter, that routes the drained fluid to the drain opening. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Drain Opening

Drain Opening

Definition(s)

Drain Opening

A drain opening is defined as an opening in the drain system where the drained fluid actually enters the drain piping from the atmosphere. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Open Containment System

Open Containment System

Definition(s)

Open Containment System

An open containment system is defined as a system open to the atmosphere. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Open Drain

Open Drain

Definition(s)

Open Drain

An open drain is defined as a drain that is open to the atmosphere [at its entrance (drain opening) or elsewhere] before (or where) its discharge enters a sump, pit, or other containment device. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Usage Areas

Usage Areas

Definition(s)

Usage Areas

Also included as “usage areas” are areas where cleaning rags containing solvents or open containers of paint products are present. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards
Used

Used

Definition(s)

Used

“Used” is defined as operations such as cleaning paint brushes with flammable solvents and mixing paint with solvents where volatile gases or vapors will be given off to the atmosphere. Also included as “usage areas” are areas where cleaning rags containing solvents or open containers of paint products are present. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards  

Used

“Used” is defined as laboratory operations or analysis where samples are mixed with flammable solvents where volatile gases or vapors will be given off to the atmosphere. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards