Glossary
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S-N
Definition(s)
S-N
Curves showing stress range vs. number of cycles. Source: API SPEC 17J, Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe, Third Edition, July 2008. Global StandardsS-N Curve
Definition(s)
S-N Curve
Quantitative relationship between the fatigue stress, S, and the number of cycles, N, corresponding to a specific probability of failure for a detail, derived from test data.
Source: API Technical Report 17TR7, Verification and Validation of Subsea Connectors, First Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsS-N Curve
A plot of stress range (S) against the number of cycles (N) to failure obtained by cycling specimens to failure. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global StandardsS-N Curve
Graphical presentation of the dependence of fatigue life, N, on fatigue strength, S. NOTE It is also known as the Wöhler curve. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsS-N Data
Definition(s)
S-N Data
Data obtained by plotting cyclic stress level versus number of cycles to failure. Source: API SPEC 17E, Specification for Subsea Umbilicals, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, October 2010. Global StandardsS/N
Definition(s)
S/N
Signal-to-noise ratio. Source: API RP 7G-2, Recommended Practice for Inspection and Classification of Used Drill Stem Elements, First Edition, August 2009. Global StandardsSA
Definition(s)
SA
Static application. Source: API RP 17B, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe, Fourth Edition, July 2008. Global StandardsSA
Solution-annealed. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global StandardsSable Island
Definition(s)
Sable Island
“Sable Island” means the area, whether above or under water, that is within the limits described in Schedule III; Île de Sable. Source: Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Resources Accord Implementation Act, S.C. 1988, c. 28, Canada, current to May 26, 2013. LegislationSabotage
Definition(s)
Sabotage
“Sabotage” means an act of sabotage under the law on civil defence. Source: Law of Information Energy, Act on Offences Relating to Offshore Petroleum Production Places B.E. 2530 (1987), Thailand, as of June 2013. LegislationSAE
Definition(s)
SAE
Society of Automotive Engineers. Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global StandardsSAF
Definition(s)
SAF
Stress amplification factor. Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API Technical Report 17TR7, Verification and Validation of Subsea Connectors, First Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsSAF
Equal to the local peak alternating stress in a component (including welds) divided by the nominal alternating stress in the pipe wall at the location of the component. Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsSAF
Equal to the local peak alternating stress in a component (including welds) divided by the nominal alternating stress in a defined reference section somewhere in the system (e.g. through wall section of the wellhead above or below the locking profile).- NOTE: This factor is used to account for the increase in the stresses caused by geometric stress amplifiers which occur in connector components.
SAF
See Stress Amplification Factor. Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global StandardsSAF
Value equal to the local peak alternating stress in a component (including welds) divided by the nominal alternating stress in the pipe wall at the location of the component.- NOTE: This factor is used to account for the increase in the stresses caused by geometric stress amplifiers that occur in riser components.
Safe
Definition(s)
Safe
Safe,— (a) in relation to a person, means not exposed to any hazards; and (b) in every other case, means free from hazards;— and unsafe and safety have corresponding meanings Source: Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Public Act 1992 No 96, New Zealand, as of 1 July 2011. LegislationSafe Area, in the Context of a Casualty
Definition(s)
Safe Area, in the Context of a Casualty
Safe area in the context of a casualty is, from the perspective of habitability, any area(s) which is not flooded or which is outside the main vertical zone(s) in which a fire has occurred such that it can safely accommodate all persons onboard to protect them from hazards to life or health and provide them with basic services. <Chapter II-1, regulation 3>. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.216(82), amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, 8 December 2006, International Maritime Organization. LegislationSafe Condition
Definition(s)
Safe Condition
condition where the object is considered exposed to “normal” risk for damage or loss. Source: Rules for Classification and Construction, IV Industrial Services, 6 Offshore Technology, 9 Guideline for Personnel Transfers by Means of Lifting Appliances, Edition 2011, Germanischer Lloyd SE, Global StandardsSafe Failure
Definition(s)
Safe Failure
failure of a safety system which tends to favour a given safety action Note 1 to entry: The concept of safe failure is illustrated in Figure B.1. Note 2 to entry: A failure is safe only with regard to a given safety function. This is a systemic failure in relationship with a given safety action performed by the safety system. This concept is irrelevant for an individual item on the shelves. Note 3 to entry: The non-critical safe failures basically increase the probability of success of the safety function. The critical safe failures initiate the related safety actions when this is not needed (see spurious failures).
Source: ISO/TR 12489:2013(E) Reliability modelling and calculation of safety systems. Global StandardsSafe Failures or Spurious Trip Failures
Definition(s)
Safe Failures or Spurious Trip Failures
Safe failures (spurious trip failures) are failures that have the potential to trigger the safety function when it is not needed. A single safe failure is generally not sufficient to actually trip unexpectedly a redundant safety system (e.g. 2 safe failures are needed for a 2-out-of-3 voting system). Source: API STD 689, Collection and Exchange of Reliability and Maintenance Data for Equipment, First Edition, July 2007. Global StandardsSafe Landing
Definition(s)
Safe Landing
A safe landing means that a user using a manually operated braking emergency escape unit will stop a minimum of 20 feet from the anchor point and a user using an automatic velocity-limiting device or controlled descent device will stop a minimum of 5 feet from the anchor point. Source: Oil and Gas Drilling and Servicing Operations, Michigan Administrative Code R 408, February 8, 2013. RegulationsSafe Mustering Area
Definition(s)
Safe Mustering Area
An area of the platform that will enable the occupants to survive the defined fire or blast event. The area must also be safely accessible by personnel not in the immediate vicinity of the event and provide access to the primary escape route. Source: API RP 2FB, Recommended Practice for the Design of Offshore Facilities Against Fire and Blast Loading, First Edition, April 2006. Global StandardsSafe State
Definition(s)
Safe State
state of the process when safety is achieved Note 1 to entry: Some states are safer than others (see Figures B.1, B.2 and B.3) and in going from a potentially hazardous condition to the final safe state, or in going from the nominal safe condition to a potentially hazardous condition, the process may have to go through a number of intermediate safe-states. Note 2 to entry: For some situations, a safe state exists only so long as the process is continuously controlled. Such continuous control may be for a short or an indefinite period of time. Note 3 to entry: A state which is safe with regard to a given safety function may increase the probability of hazardous event with regard to another given safety function. In this case, the maximum allowable spurious trip rate (see 10.3) for the first function should consider the potential increased risk associated with the other function.
Safe Working Load (SWL)
Definition(s)
Safe Working Load (SWL) (see Rated Capacity)
The maximum rated load within crane rated capacity for the given operating conditions. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global StandardsSafe Working Load
Design load reduced by the dynamic load. Source: API SPEC 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment Upstream Segment, Fifth Edition, June 2010 (August 2010). Global StandardsSafe Working Load
The design load minus the dynamic load. Source: API SPEC 8C, Drilling and Production Hoisting Equipment (PSL 1 and PSL 2), Fifth Edition, April 2012. Global StandardsSafe Working Load
Safe working load means the load for which the hook is to be approved. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.81(70), Revised Recommendation on Testing of Life-Saving Appliances, 11 December 1998, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceSafe Working Load
“Safe working load” means, with respect to materials handling equipment, the maximum load that the materials handling equipment is designed and constructed to handle or support safely. Source: Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Occupational Health & Safety Requirements, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, December 2000. Regulations Source: Oil and Gas Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, SOR/87-612, Canada, current to April 29, 2013. RegulationsSafe Working Load
“Safe working load” means, with respect to materials handling equipment, the maximum load that the materials handling equipment is designed and constructed to handle or support safely. Source: Rules for Classification and Construction, IV Industrial Services, 6 Offshore Technology, 9 Guideline for Personnel Transfers by Means of Lifting Appliances, Edition 2011, Germanischer Lloyd SE, Global StandardsSafeguard
Definition(s)
Safeguard
Device, system, or action that either would likely interrupt the chain of events following an initiating event or that would mitigate the consequences. Source: API RP 781 Security Plan Methodology for the Oil and Natural Gas Industries.1st Ed. September 2016. Global StandardsSafeguard
Any device, system, or action that either would likely interrupt the chain of events following an initiating event or that would mitigate the consequences.
Source:API STANDARD 780, Security Risk Assessment Methodology for the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, First Edition, May 2013. Global StandardsSafety
Definition(s)
Safety
Safety includes all operational, technical and emergency preparations significant for the protection of people, environment, installations and vessels present. Source: API RP 17A, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—General Requirements and Recommendations, Fourth Edition, Reaffirmed 2011. Global StandardsSafety
Freedom from those conditions that can cause death, injury, occupational illness, damage to or loss of equipment or property, or damage to the environment. Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global StandardsSafety
The safety of products, production processes, operation, storage, transportation, sale and reclamation (hereinafter referred to as safety): a condition ruling out the possibility of inadmissible risk associated with harm to be caused to individuals' life or health, a natural person's or legal entity's property, state or municipal property, the environment, to the life or health of animals or plants. Source: Federal Law on Technical Regulation, No. 184-FZ, Russian Federation, December 2002 (amended September 2010). RegulationsSafety
Freedom from unacceptable risk NOTE Adapted from lSO/lEC Guide 2:1996, definition 2.5. Source: ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards, Global StandardsSafety
“Safety” means protection from danger arising out of, linked with or occurring in the course of employment. Source: Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Occupational Health & Safety Requirements, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, December 2000. RegulationsSafety
Safety: the safety of persons and the protection of goods, in so far as no rules have been prescribed in this area by or by virtue of the Arbeidsomstandighedenwet 1988. Source: Mining Decree of the Netherlands, Netherlands, 2003 (as amended in 2007). LegislationSafety
Freedom from unacceptable risk [2]. Source: ANSI/ISA–99.00.01–2007, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems, Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models, 29 October 2007. National StandardSafety and Environmental Management System
Definition(s)
Safety and environmental management system (SEMS)
Structured set of interdependent doctrines, documents, and principles that are intended to ensure that the activities of an organization are directed, planned, and conducted safely. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards Source: API Bulletin 97, Well Construction Interface Document Guidelines, First Edition, December 2013. Global StandardsSafety Authority
Definition(s)
Safety Authority
Safety Authority has the same meaning as it had in section 7 of the Act before the commencement of Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Amendment (National Regulator) Act 2011. Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Safety) Regulations 2009 (Select Legislative Instrument 2009 No. 382 as amended), Australia, prepared on 1 January 2012. RegulationsSafety Case
Definition(s)
Safety case
Safety case means the document known as a safety case that is submitted to NOPSEMA under Part 2 of Chapter 2. Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Safety) Regulations 2009 (Select Legislative Instrument 2009 No. 382 as amended), Australia, prepared on 1 January 2012. RegulationsSafety cases
For S.I. 1996/913, in regulation 2(1) (interpretation) in the definition of “safety cases” for the words “1992” substitute “2005”. Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. RegulationsSafety cases
Explanatory Note: A safety case is defined in the Regulations as a document containing specified information relating to the management of health and safety and the control of major accident hazards and containing the particulars specified in the Schedule referred to in the provision of the Regulations under which it is prepared (regulations 2(2) and 12). Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. RegulationsSafety Case in Force
Definition(s)
Safety case in force
For the definition of safety case in force in relation to a facility in subsection 7 (8) of the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Safety Levies) Act 2003, a safety case in force in relation to a facility is a safety case that is in force. Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Safety) Regulations 2009 (Select Legislative Instrument 2009 No. 382 as amended), Australia, prepared on 1 January 2012. RegulationsSafety Centre
Definition(s)
Safety Centre
Safety centre is a control station dedicated to the management of emergency situations. Safety systems’ operation, control and/or monitoring are an integral part of the safety centre. <Chapter II-1, regulation 3>. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.216(82), amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, 8 December 2006, International Maritime Organization. LegislationSafety Committee
Definition(s)
Safety Committee
A committee of management and staff representatives with the remit to advise on and assess the adequacy of preventive measures affecting health, safety and environment. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC GuidelinesSafety Deficiency
Definition(s)
Safety Deficiency
A safety issue with risks for which existing defences aimed at preventing an accident event, and/or those aimed at eliminating or reducing its consequences, are assessed to be either inadequate or missing. Source: IMO resolution A.1075(28), Guidelines to assist investigators in the implementation of the Casualty Investigation Code, 4 December 2013, Regulatory GuidanceSafety Extra-low Voltage System (SELV)
Definition(s)
Safety Extra-low Voltage System (SELV)
Electric system in which the voltage cannot exceed the value of extra-low voltage:- under normal conditions and
- under single fault conditions, including earth faults in other electric circuits.