VBR

VBR

Definition(s)

VBR

Variable-bore ram. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards Source: Deepwater Well Control Guidelines. IADC Guidelines Source: Oil & Gas UK, Guidelines on subsea BOP systems, Issue 1, July 2012, Global Standards  

VBR

Closing and sealing component in a ram BOP that is capable of sealing on a range of tubular sizes.

Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards  

VBR

Closing and sealing component in a ram blowout preventer that is capable of sealing on a range of tubular sizes. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards
VAR

VAR

Definition(s)

VAR

Vacuum arc remelting. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards
Test Tool

Test Tool

Definition(s)

Test Tool

Tool used to run into the wellhead in order to perform a pressure test. Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards
Swivel

Swivel

Definition(s)

Swivel

A load-carrying member with thrust bearings that permit rotation under load in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the load. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  

Swivel

Device at the top of the drill stem which permits simultaneous circulation and rotation. Source: API RP 7G, Recommended Practice for Drill Stem Design and Operating Limits, Upstream Segment, Sixteenth Edition, August 1998 (Addendum 2: September 2009). Global Standards  

Swivel

Device at top of the drill stem that permits simultaneous circulation and rotation. Source: API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations, Third Edition, August 1999 (2007). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 7-1, Specification for Rotary Drill Stem Elements, First Edition, March 2006 (Addendum April 2011). Global Standards  

Swivel

“Swivel” means a device at the top of the drill stem that permits the circulation of fluids and the rotation of the drill string. [Mich. Admin. Code R 408 (2013)]. Source: Oil and Gas Drilling and Servicing Operations, Michigan Administrative Code R 408, February 8, 2013. Regulations
Subsea Wellhead

Subsea Wellhead

Definition(s)

Subsea Wellhead

Wellhead that is installed at or near the seabed. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards

Subsea Wellhead

Assembly used during drilling, completion and production operations that has provisions to lock and seal to a subsea BOP stack, to a subsea tree, to a high pressure drilling riser or to a top-tensioned production riser. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards

Subsea Wellhead

Wells drilled and completed with a subsea wellhead located near the seafloor. Source: API STD 65 – Part 2, Isolating Potential Flow Zones During Well Construction, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Subsea Wellhead

Wellhead assembly used during drilling and completion operations that has provisions to lock and seal to a subsea BOP stack and to the subsea tree. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Subsea Wellhead

A wellhead that is used with a floating drilling rig that uses a subsea BOP stack for well control. The subsea wellhead is usually connected to the surface casing string and all subsequent casing strings are installed, landed, and sealed inside the subsea wellhead’s high pressure housing, immediately below the BOP. The well can be completed in one of two methods: 1. Using a subsea tree (subsea well). 2. Using one or two production risers leading back to a surface casing head, tubing head/tubing hanger, and christmas tree (hybrid well). Source: API RP 90, Annular Casing Pressure Management for Offshore Wells, Upstream Segment. First Edition, August 2006. Global Standards
SSC

SSC

Definition(s)

SSC

Sulfide Stress Cracking. Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API RP 49, Recommended Practice for Drilling and Well Servicing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide, Third Edition, May 2001. Global Standards Source: API RP 17B, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe, Fourth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17J, Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe, Third Edition, July 2008. Global Standards Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global Standards  

SSC

Cracking of metal involving corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) in the presence of water and H2S NOTE SSC is a form of hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) and involves embrittlement of the metal by atomic hydrogen that is produced by acid corrosion on the metal surface. Hydrogen uptake is promoted in the presence of sulfides. The atomic hydrogen can diffuse into the metal, reduce ductility and increase susceptibility to cracking. High strength metallic materials and hard weld zones are prone to SSC. [ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.23] Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global Standards
Shall

Shall

Definition(s)

Shall

For the purposes of this publication, the term shall indicates that the RP has universal applicability to that specific activity. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  

Shall

As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Source: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Shall

Within this document, “shall” is used to state that a provision is mandatory. Source: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards

Shall

Indicates the “recommended practice(s)” has universal applicability to that specific activity. Source: API RP 49, Recommended Practice for Drilling and Well Servicing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide, Third Edition, May 2001. Global Standards  

Shall

Denotes that the recommended practice has universal application to that specific activity. Source: API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations, Third Edition, August 1999 (2007). Global Standards  

Shall

For the purpose of this document, shall indicates that the recommended practice(s) has universal application to that specific activity. Source: API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations, Third Edition, August 1999 (2007). Global Standards Source: API RP 74, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Onshore Oil and Gas Production Operation, First Edition, October 2001 (March 2007). Global Standards  

Shall

Indicates that the recommended practice(s) has universal applicability to that specific activity. Source: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global Standards  

Shall

As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Source: API RP 67, Recommended Practice for Oilfield Explosives Safety, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  

Shall

The term “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the recommended practice. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Shall

SHALL is used to indicate that a provision is MANDATORY. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 5DP, Specification for Drill Pipe, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards  

Shall

As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17E, Specification for Subsea Umbilicals, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, October 2010. Global Standards  

Shall

Shall: As used in a standard, "shall" denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 8C, Drilling and Production Hoisting Equipment (PSL 1 and PSL 2), Fifth Edition, April 2012. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 10A, Specification for Cements and Materials for Well Cementing, Twenty-fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 11D1, Packers and Bridge Plugs, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2009. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 13A, Specification for Drilling Fluids Materials, Eighteenth Edition, February 2010. Global Standards  

Shall

Indicates a mandatory requirement to be followed for fulfilment or compliance with the present standard. Deviations are not permitted unless formally and rigorously justified, and accepted by all relevant contracting parties. Source: Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C101, Design of Offshore Steel Structures, General (LRFD Method, Det Norske Veritas, April 2011. Global Standards  

Shall

"Shall" means mandatory. Source: State of Wyoming Occupational Safety and Health Rules and Regulations for Oil and Gas Well Drilling, Revised January 8, 2013. Regulations  

Shall

The term shall is also used in the guidelines regarding the regulations. In this context, shall means a direct rendering of a statutory or regulatory requirement. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Framework Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Shall

Verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this NORSOK standard and from which no deviation is permitted, unless accepted by all involved parties. Source: NORSOK D-002, Well intervention equipment, Rev. 2, June 2013. Global Standards  

Shall

Shall is an absolute requirement which shall be followed strictly in order to conform with the standard. Source: NORSOK D-007, Well Testing Systems, Rev. 1, January 1996. Global Standards  

Shall

Indicates a mandatory requirement to comply with the HSE Act or regulations made under the HSE Act. Source: Approved Code of Practice for Managing Hazards to Prevent Major Industrial Accidents, Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Department of Labour, New Zealand, July 1994. Regulatory Guidance  

Shall

verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this guideline and from which no deviation is permitted, unless accepted by all involved parties Source: Approved Code of Practice for Managing Hazards to Prevent Major Industrial Accidents, Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Department of Labour, New Zealand, July 1994. Regulatory Guidance  

Shall

Indicates requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this OSS and from which no deviation is permitted. Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global Standards
Setting Tool

Setting Tool

Definition(s)

Setting Tool

An electro-explosive downhole tool that is mechanically actuated by the initiation and gas generation of a propellant charge. Source: API RP 67, Recommended Practice for Oilfield Explosives Safety, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, May 2007. Global Standards
Secondary Stress

Secondary Stress

Definition(s)

Secondary stress

Any normal or shear stress that develops as a result of material constraint. NOTE This type of stress is self-limiting, which means that local yielding can relieve the conditions that cause the stress, and single application of load will not cause failure. NOTE Definition taken from API 2RD. Source: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Secondary stress

Stress developed by constraint due to a geometrical discontinuity, by the use of materials of different elastic moduli under external load, by constraint due to differential thermal expansion, or by assembly load (preload) that does not impair the sealing performance of a connector. NOTE 1 Only stresses that are distributed linearly across the thickness are considered secondary stresses. For nonlinearly distributed stresses, the secondary stresses are those of the equivalent linear distribution. NOTE 2 With respect to the mechanical behaviour of the structure, the basic characteristic of secondary stresses is that they lead to plastic deformation when equalizing different local distortions in the case of excess of the yield strength. Characteristic for a secondary stress is that it is self-limiting, i.e. local flow deformation leads to a limitation of the stress. NOTE 3 Secondary stresses can be of the membrane or bending type. NOTE 4 Bending stresses caused by gross structural discontinuities and acting across the wall thickness of the pipe are classified as secondary stresses. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Secondary stress

A secondary stress is any stress in the structure which is not a primary stress or peak stress. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global Standards  

Secondary stress

Normal stress or a shear stress developed by the constraint of adjacent parts or by self constraint of a structure (ASME BPVC, Section VIII, Division 2, Paragraph 5.12). NOTE The basic characteristic of a secondary stress is that it is self-limiting. Local yielding and minor distortions can satisfy the conditions that cause the stress to occur and failure from one application of the stress is not to be expected. Source: API TR 1PER15K-1, Protocol for Verification and Validation of High-pressure High-temperature Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards
SCC

SCC

Definition(s)

SCC

Stress corrosion cracking. Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards Source: API TR 1PER15K-1, Protocol for Verification and Validation of High-pressure High-temperature Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

SCC

Special clearance coupling. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards  

SCC

Standards Council of Canada. Source:  Offshore Waste Treatment Guidelines, The Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, and National Energy Board, Canada, December 15, 2010. Regulatory Guidance  

SCC

Cracking of metal involving anodic processes of localized corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied)
  • NOTE: 1 Parameters that influence the susceptibility to SCC are temperature, pH, chlorides, dissolved oxygen, H2S and CO2.
  • NOTE: 2 The above definition differs from that of the same term given in ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.21, since it includes external environments.
Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global Standards
Rotating Stripper Head

Rotating Stripper Head

Definition(s)

Rotating Stripper Head

A sealing device installed above the BOPs and used to close the annular space about the drill pipe or kelly when pulling or running pipe under pressure. Source: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global Standards  

Rotating Stripper Head

A sealing device installed above the BOP and used to close the annular space about the drill pipe or kelly when pulling or running pipe under pressure. Source: API RP 64, Recommended Practice for Diverter Systems Equipment and Operations, Second Edition, November 2001 (March 1, 2007). Global Standards
Room Temperature

Room Temperature

Definition(s)

Room Temperature

Temperature typically between 15 °C (60 °F) and 26 °C (80 °F). Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global Standards

Room Temperature

Any temperature between 4 °C and 40 °C (40 °F and 104 °F), i.e. temperature corresponding to the test conditions of the material. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Room Temperature

Any temperature between 4 °C and 50 °C (40 °F and 120 °F). Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards  

Room Temperature

Any temperature between 40 and 120 degrees Fahrenheit. Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards
Repair

Repair

Definition(s)

Repair

The work necessary to restore a piping system to a condition suitable for safe operation at the design conditions.
  • NOTE: If any of the restorative changes result in a change of design temperature or pressure, the requirements for re-rating also shall be satisfied. Any welding, cutting, or grinding operation on a pressure-containing piping component not specifically considered an alteration is considered a repair. Repairs can be temporary or permanent (see Section 8).
Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

Repair

The work necessary to restore a vessel to a condition suitable for safe operation at the design conditions. If any of the restorative work results in a change to the design temperature, minimum design metal temperature (MDMT), or MAWP, the work shall be considered an alteration and the requirements for rerating shall be satisfied. Any welding, cutting, or grinding operation on a pressure-containing component not specifically considered an alteration is considered a repair.

Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

Repair

Action(s) performed on a nonconforming product to make it acceptable for the intended use.
  • NOTE: 1 Repair within the scope of this document includes remanufacture as defined by other API product specifications.
  • NOTE: 2 The distinction between repair and remanufacture may be further specified within API product specifications.
Source: API STANDARD 18LCM, Product Life Cycle Management System Requirements for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Repair

The maximum uplift force during spud can extraction.

Source: API STANDARD 18LCM, Product Life Cycle Management System Requirements for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Repair

Process of disassembly, inspection, reassembly, and testing of drill-through equipment, with or without the replacement of parts in order to correct failed or worn components.
  • NOTE: Repair does not include machining, welding, heat treating, or other manufacturing operations of component parts.
Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Repair

The work necessary to restore a vessel to a condition suitable for safe operation at the design conditions. If any of the restorative work results in a change to the design temperature, MDMT, or MA WP, the work shall be considered an alteration and the requirements for rerating shall be satisfied. Any welding, cutting or grinding operation on a pressure-containing component not specifically considered an alteration is considered a repair. Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-Service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration Downstream Segment, Ninth Edition, June 2006. Global Standards  

Repair

Action performed on equipment that involves replacement of parts, other than expendable parts, but excludes remanufacture. Source: API RP 8B, Recommended Practice for Procedures for Inspections, Maintenance, Repair and Remanufacture of Hoisting Equipment, Seventh Edition, March 2002 (Reaffirmed: August 2012). Global Standards  

Repair

  • Activity involving disassembly, reassembly and testing of wellhead and christmas tree equipment with or without the replacement of parts other than bodies. NOTE: Repair does not include machining, welding, heat treating, other manufacturing operations or the replacement of bodies.
Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards  

Repair

Removal of defects from, and refurbishment of, a component or assembly by welding during the manufacturing process.
  • NOTE: The term “repair,” as referred to in this specification, applies only to the repair of defects in materials during the manufacture of new equipment.
Source: API SPEC 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment Upstream Segment, Fifth Edition, June 2010 (August 2010). Global Standards Source:API SPECIFICATION 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment, Sixth Edition, December 2015. Global Standards  

Repair

Removal of defects from, and refurbishment of, a component or assembly by welding, during the manufacture of new equipment. NOTE The term “repair,” as referred to in this standard, applies only to the repair of defects in materials during the manufacture of new equipment. Source: API SPEC 8C, Drilling and Production Hoisting Equipment (PSL 1 and PSL 2), Fifth Edition, April 2012. Global Standards  

Repair

Activity involving disassembly, reassembly, or replacement of components and testing of equipment. NOTE: Repair does not include machining, welding, heat treating, or other manufacturing operations. Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards  

Repair

A “repair” is meant to be an action to correct a single failure or a few failures, normally on-site. “Overhaul” means a comprehensive repair of several failures, or one major failure requiring extensive work, or complete refurbishment of an equipment subunit. Typically, such maintenance is undertaken in a workshopSource(s). Source: API STD 689, Collection and Exchange of Reliability and Maintenance Data for Equipment, First Edition, July 2007. Global Standards  

Repair

The structural work necessary to restore a platform to a condition deemed fit-for-purpose. Source: API RP 2SIM, Structural Integrity Management of Fixed Offshore Structures, First Edition, November 2014. Global Standards  

Repair

Action to restore faulty equipment to its fully serviceable condition complying with the relevant standard. Source: IEC 60079-19:2015, Explosive atmospheres – Part 19: Equipment repair, overhaul and reclamation, Edition 3.1, March 2015. Global Standards  

Repair

Repair means coating restoration work of a longer term nature, usually performed during ship’s dry-docking or scheduled repair period (ship idle) to restore the “FAIR” or “POOR” coating condition to “GOOD” condition. This will usually require specialized manpower and equipment such as sand blasting equipment, operators and dehumidifiers. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1330, Guidelines for maintenance and repair of protective coatings, 11 June 2009, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Relevant Indication 〈Liquid Penetrant or Magnetic Particle Examination〉

Relevant Indication 〈Liquid Penetrant or Magnetic Particle Examination〉

Definition(s)

Relevant Indication 〈Liquid Penetrant or Magnetic Particle Examination〉

Any indication with a major dimension over 1,6 mm (0,062 in). Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Ram Blowout Preventer

Ram Blowout Preventer

Definition(s)

Ram blowout preventer

Blowout preventer that uses metal blocks assembled with elastomer seals to seal off pressure on a wellbore, with or without tubulars in the bore. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Ram blowout preventer

Blowout preventer that uses two opposing metal elements (rams) with integral elastomer seals to contain pressure within a wellbore. NOTE Rams may be designed to close on a specific pipe size (fixed pipe rams), a range of pipe sizes (variable bore rams), or open hole (blind or blind/shear rams). Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Ram blowout preventer

Blowout preventer that uses metal blocks with integral elastomer seals to seal off pressure on a wellbore with or without tubulars in the bore. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
PWHT

PWHT

Definition(s)

PWHT

Postweld heat treatment. Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards  

PWHT

A work process which consists of heating an entire weldment or section of fabricated piping to an elevated temperature after completion of welding in order to relieve the detrimental effects of welding heat, such as reducing residual stresses, reducing hardness, and/or slightly modifying properties (See ASME B31.3, paragraph 331). Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards  

PWHT

Treatment that consists of heating an entire weldment or vessel to a specified elevated temperature after completion of welding in order to relieve the detrimental effects of welding heat, such as to reduce residual stresses, reduce hardness, stabilize chemistry and/or slightly modify properties. Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards  

PWHT

Postweld heat treatment. Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

PWHT

Heat treatment subsequent to welding, including stress relief. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards  

PWHT

Controlled heat treatment subsequent to welding, including stress relief to obtain desired material properties. Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards  

PWHT

Post-weld heat treatment. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-Service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration Downstream Segment, Ninth Edition, June 2006. Global Standards Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards Source:API SPECIFICATION 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment, Sixth Edition, December 2015. Global Standards  

PWHT

Post-weld heat treatment. Source: API SPEC 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment Upstream Segment, Fifth Edition, June 2010 (August 2010). Global Standards  

PWHT

Post weld heat treatment. Source: Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C101, Design of Offshore Steel Structures, General (LRFD Method, Det Norske Veritas, April 2011. Global Standards
Purchaser

Purchaser

Definition(s)

Purchaser

Entity that has purchased directly from the manufacturer the new OCTG being inspected. NOTE The purchaser might be the owner. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards

Purchaser

Flexible pipe system provider who is purchaser to ancillary equipment manufacturer. Source: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Purchaser

Organization that buys the riser system on behalf of the user and/or operator or for its own use. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards

Purchaser

Organization that buys the C/WO riser system on behalf of the user and/or operator or for its own use. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Purchaser

Party responsible for both the definition of requirements for a product order and for payment for that order. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards  

Purchaser

Party responsible for both the definition of requirements for a product order and for payment for that order. [ISO 11960:2004, definition 4.1.35]. Source: API SPEC 5DP, Specification for Drill Pipe, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards  

Purchaser

"Purchaser" or "transporter" means any person who acting alone or jointly with any person or persons, via his own, affiliated or designated carrier, transporter, or taker, shall directly or indirectly purchase, take, or transport by any means whatsoever or otherwise remove from any lease, oil or gas, and/or other hydrocarbons produced from any common source of supply in this State, excepting royalty portions from leases owned by that person. Source: Corporation Commission, Oil and Gas Conservation, Oklahoma Administrative Code 165:10, February 2013. Regulations  
PSI

PSI

Definition(s)

PSI

Pounds per square inch. Source: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global Standards Source: API RP 64, Recommended Practice for Diverter Systems Equipment and Operations, Second Edition, November 2001 (March 1, 2007). Global Standards Source: API STD 65 – Part 2, Isolating Potential Flow Zones During Well Construction, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, December 2010. Global Standards Source: Deepwater Well Control Guidelines. IADC Guidelines  

PSI

"Psi" means pounds per square inch. Source: Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Definitions, Alaska Admin. Code tit. 20, § 25.990, December 7, 2012. Regulations  

PSI

“Psi” means pounds per square inch. Source: Oil and Gas, New Mexico Administrative Code Title 19, Chapter 15, January 2013. Regulations
Production Liner

Production Liner

Definition(s)

Production liner

A liner that is the innermost string in which the productive zones are completed. The casing in which the production liner is hung off is usually referred to as the production casing. Source: API RP 90, Annular Casing Pressure Management for Offshore Wells, Upstream Segment. First Edition, August 2006. Global Standards  

Production liner

Production casing run from below the objective section and hung in the intermediate casing or intermediate liner. Normal clearance casing OD in.: N/A. Tight clearance casing OD in.: 9 7/8. NOTE These are examples only. Each well can have variations in number of casing strings and sizes. Naming conventions can vary. The heavy-wall surface casing designs may allow 13 5/8 in. to be run as a liner and not tied back. NOTE These are examples only. Each well can have variations in number of casing strings and sizes. Naming conventions can vary. The heavy-wall surface casing designs may allow 13 5/8 in. to be run as a liner and not tied back. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Production Liner

A liner that is set through a productive interval. Source: API STD 65 – Part 2, Isolating Potential Flow Zones During Well Construction, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, December 2010. Global Standards
Product

Product

Definition(s)

Products

Pipe, coupling, coupling stock, coupling material, coupling blank or accessory material, either individually or collectively as applicable. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards  

Products

Drill-pipe, drill-pipe body or tool joint. Source: API SPEC 5DP, Specification for Drill Pipe, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards  

Product

Throughout the text of this International Standard, wherever the term “product" occurs, it can also mean “service“. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards

Product

"Product" means any commodity made from oil or gas and includes refined crude oil, crude tops, topped crude, processed crude, processed crude petroleum, residue from crude petroleum, cracking stock, uncracked fuel oil, fuel oil, treated crude oil, residuum, gas oil, casinghead gasoline, natural-gas gasoline, kerosene, benzine, wash oil, waste oil, blended gasoline, lubricating oil, blends or mixtures of oil with one or more liquid products or byproducts derived from oil or gas, and blends or mixtures of two or more liquid products or byproducts derived from oil or gas, whether hereinabove enumerated or not. Source: Control of Oil and Gas Resources, North Dakota Century Code, Title 38, Chapter 8, February 2013. Legislation  

Products

The result of activity represented in the form of materials or articles and intended for further utilisation for economic or other purposes. Source: Federal Law on Technical Regulation, No. 184-FZ, Russian Federation, December 2002 (amended September 2010). Regulations  

Products

An oil and gas-derived material output from the company's activities for supply by the company to its customers. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global Standards  

Products

Person, Producer, Oil, Illegal Oil, and Product―the meaning prescribed for each of said words as defined in R.S. 30:3. Source: Natural Resources, Office of Conservation – General Operations, Louisiana Administrative Code, Title 43, Part XIX, March 2013. Regulations  

Products

“Product” means a commodity or thing made or manufactured from oil or gas, and derivatives of oil or gas, including refined crude oil, crude tops, topped crude, processed crude petroleum, residue from crude petroleum, cracking stock, uncracked fuel oil, treated crude oil, fuel oil, residuum, gas oil, naphtha, distillate, gasoline, kerosene, benzene, wash oil, lubricating oil and blends or mixtures of oil or gas or a derivative thereof. Source: Oil and Gas, New Mexico Administrative Code Title 19, Chapter 15, January 2013. Regulations  

Products

Includes refined crude oil, crude tops, topped crude, processed crude petroleum, residue from crude petroleum, cracking stock, uncracked fuel oil, fuel oil, treated crude oil, residuum, casinghead gasoline, natural gas gasoline, gas oil, naphtha, distillate, gasoline, kerosene, benzine, wash oil, waste oil, blended gasoline, lubricating oil, blends or mixtures of petroleum, and/or any and all liquid products or by-products derived from crude petroleum oil or gas, whether hereinabove enumerated or not. Source: Oil and Gas Division, Texas Administrative Code, Title 16, Chapter 3, February 2013. Regulations  

Products

Products is the collective term used to cover both Noxious Liquid Substances and Dangerous Chemicals. Source: Resolution MEPC.119(52), 2004 amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code), 15 October 2004, International Maritime Organization, Regulatory guidance  

Products

"Product" means machinery, equipment, materials and applied coatings on board a ship. Source: Resolution MEPC.197(62), 2011 Guidelines for the development of the Inventory of Hazardous Materials, 15 July 2011, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Primary Well Control

Primary Well Control

Definition(s)

Primary Well Control

Prevention of formation fluid flow by maintaining a hydrostatic pressure equal to or greater than formation pressure. Source: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global Standards Source: API RP 64, Recommended Practice for Diverter Systems Equipment and Operations, Second Edition, November 2001 (March 1, 2007). Global Standards
Primary Stress

Primary Stress

Definition(s)

Primary Stress

Stress that satisfies the laws of equilibrium of pressure, external force and moment (i.e. load effects). NOTE 1 Regarding the mechanical behaviour of a structure, the basic characteristic of this type of stress is that in case of (non-admissible) increment of external load, the deformations upon full plasticification of the section considerably increases without being self-limiting. NOTE 2 Regarding primary stress, distinction is made between membrane stress and bending stress with respect to their distribution across the cross-section governing the load-carrying behaviour. Primary membrane stress is defined as the average value of the respective stress components distributed over the section governing the load-carrying behaviour. Primary bending stress is defined as primary stress distributed linearly across the considered section and proportional to the distance from the neutral axis. NOTE 3 Regarding the distribution of membrane stress along the wall, distinction is made between general primary membrane stress and local primary membrane stress. Membrane stress due to gross structural discontinuities (e.g. integral attachments) is considered as local. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Primary Stress

A primary stress is one that is induced by the external loads or preload and is necessary to satisfy the laws of static equilibrium. Examples of primary stress are the membrane stress in a rod loaded by an axial force and the bending stress in a simple beam. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global Standards  

Primary Stress

Normal or shear stress developed by the imposed loading which is necessary to satisfy the laws of equilibrium of external and internal forces and moments (ASME BPVC, Section VIII, Division 2, Paragraph 5.12). NOTE The basic characteristic of a primary stress is that it is not self-limiting. Primary stresses that considerably exceed the yield strength will result in failure or at least in gross distortion. A general primary membrane stress is one that is distributed in the structure such that no redistribution of load occurs as a result of yielding. Source: API TR 1PER15K-1, Protocol for Verification and Validation of High-pressure High-temperature Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Pressure Regulator

Pressure Regulator

Definition(s)

Pressure Regulator

A control system component that permits attenuation of control system supply pressure to a satisfactory pressure level to operate components downstream. Source: API RP 64, Recommended Practice for Diverter Systems Equipment and Operations, Second Edition, November 2001 (March 1, 2007). Global Standards Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards  
PPE

PPE

Definition(s)

PPE

Personal Protective Equipment. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards Source: A Guide to the Offshore Installations and Pipelines Works (Management and Administration) Regulations 1995, Guidance on Regulations (UK HSE L70), Second Edition, 2002. Regulatory Guidance Source: API RP 74, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Onshore Oil and Gas Production Operation, First Edition, October 2001 (March 2007). Global Standards Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards Source:API RP T-1, Creating Orientation Programs for Personnel Going Offshore, Fifth Edition, November 2016. Global Standards Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines Source: Rules for Classification and Construction, IV Industrial Services, 6 Offshore Technology, 9 Guideline for Personnel Transfers by Means of Lifting Appliances, Edition 2011, Germanischer Lloyd SE, Global Standards  

PPE

Clothing and equipment designed to protect responders from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with chemical, radiological, physical, electrical, mechanical, or other workplace hazards. NOTE Besides face shields, safety glasses, hard hats, and safety shoes, protective equipment includes a variety of devices and garments such as goggles, coveralls, gloves, vests, earplugs, and respirators Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards
OEC

OEC

Definition(s)

OEC

Connection that is not specified in an API specification or standard.
  • NOTE: This includes API flanges and hubs with non-API gasket preparations and manufacturer's proprietary connections.
Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

OEC

Other end connection. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards  

OEC

Other end connectors. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17D, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—Subsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition May 2011 (Errata September 2011). Global Standards

OEC

Other end connections. Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards
NDE

NDE

Definition(s)

NDE

An inspection technique used to evaluate a part without causing permanent damage. Common techniques include magnetic particle inspection (MPI), dye penetrant inspection (DPI), or X-ray. Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global Standards

NDE

Nondestructive examination, including visual examination. Source: API RP 2SIM, Structural Integrity Management of Fixed Offshore Structures, First Edition, November 2014. Global Standards

NDE

Nondestructive Examination. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API Technical Report 17TR7, Verification and Validation of Subsea Connectors, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global Standards Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 8C, Drilling and Production Hoisting Equipment (PSL 1 and PSL 2), Fifth Edition, April 2012. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment Upstream Segment, Fifth Edition, June 2010 (August 2010). Global Standards Source:API SPECIFICATION 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment, Sixth Edition, December 2015. Global Standards Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-Service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration Downstream Segment, Ninth Edition, June 2006. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards  

NDE

Non-destructive examination. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 5DP, Specification for Drill Pipe, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 11D1, Packers and Bridge Plugs, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2009. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17D, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—Subsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition May 2011 (Errata September 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17E, Specification for Subsea Umbilicals, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, October 2010. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17J, Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe, Third Edition, July 2008. Global Standards Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global Standards  

NDE

Nondestructive examination (ultrasonic, radiographic, dye penetrant, acoustic emissions, etc.). Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards  

NDE

NDE is Non-Destructive Examination, consisting of visual examination and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards
NACE

NACE

Definition(s)

NACE

National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 14F, Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class 1, Division 1 and Division 2 Locations, Fifth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards Source: API RP 49, Recommended Practice for Drilling and Well Servicing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide, Third Edition, May 2001. Global Standards Source: API RP 64, Recommended Practice for Diverter Systems Equipment and Operations, Second Edition, November 2001 (March 1, 2007). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17D, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—Subsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition May 2011 (Errata September 2011). Global Standards Source: Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C101, Design of Offshore Steel Structures, General (LRFD Method, Det Norske Veritas, April 2011. Global Standards Source: NORSOK D-001, Drilling facilities, Rev. 3, December 2012. Global Standards  

NACE

NACE International (formerly National Association of Corrosion Engineers). Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines  

NACE

“NACE” means the National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Source: Oil and Gas, New Mexico Administrative Code Title 19, Chapter 15, January 2013. Regulations    

NACE

NACE International.. Source: Deepwater Well Control Guidelines. IADC Guidelines
Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD)

Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD)

Definition(s)

Managed Pressure Drilling

An adaptive drilling process used to precisely control the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore. The objectives are to ascertain the down-hole pressure environmental limits and to manage the annular hydraulic pressure profile accordingly.

Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards

Managed Pressure Drilling

Adaptive drilling process used to precisely control the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore.

Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Managed Pressure Drilling

An adaptive drilling process used to precisely control the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore. The objectives are to ascertain the downhole pressure environment limits and to manage the annular hydraulic pressure profile accordingly. It is the intention of MPD to avoid continuous influx of formation fluids to the surface. Any influx incidental to the operation will be safely contained using an appropriate process.
  1. MPD process employs a collection of tools and techniques which may mitigate the risks and costs associated with drilling wells that have narrow downhole environmental limits, by proactively managing the annular hydraulic pressure
  2. MPD may include control of back pressure, fluid density, fluid rheology, annular fluid level, circulating friction, and hole geometry, or combinations
  3. MPD may allow faster corrective action to deal with observed pressure variations. The ability to dynamically control annular pressures facilitates drilling of what might otherwise be economically unattainable prospects.
Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards  
MPa

MPa

Definition(s)

MPa

Megapascals. Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards

MPa

Megapascal. Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards
MP

MP

Definition(s)

MP

Magnetic particle inspection. Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

MP

Magnetic particle. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards