Pressure End Load

Pressure End Load

Definition(s)

Pressure End Load

Axial load resulting from internal pressure applied to the area defined by the maximum seal diameter. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards  

Pressure End Load

The axial load resulting from internal pressure applied to the area defined by the maximum seal diameter. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards  
Pressure-Controlling Part or Pressure-Controlling Member

Pressure-Controlling Part or Pressure-Controlling Member

Definition(s)

Pressure-Controlling Part or Pressure-Controlling Member

Part intended to control or regulate the movement of wellbore fluids. EXAMPLES Packing elements, rams, replaceable seats within a pressure-containing member or part. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Pressure-Containing Part or Pressure-Containing Member

Pressure-Containing Part or Pressure-Containing Member

Definition(s)

Pressure-Containing Part or Pressure-Containing Member

Part exposed to wellbore fluids whose failure to function as intended would result in a release of wellbore fluid to the environment. EXAMPLES Bodies, bonnets and connecting rods. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)

Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)

Definition(s)

Postweld Heat Treatment

A work process which consists of heating an entire weldment or section of fabricated piping to an elevated temperature after completion of welding in order to relieve the detrimental effects of welding heat, such as reducing residual stresses, reducing hardness, and/or slightly modifying properties (See ASME B31.3, paragraph 331). Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

Postweld Heat Treatment

Treatment that consists of heating an entire weldment or vessel to a specified elevated temperature after completion of welding in order to relieve the detrimental effects of welding heat, such as to reduce residual stresses, reduce hardness, stabilize chemistry and/or slightly modify properties.

Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)

Any heat treatment subsequent to welding, including stress relief. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Other End Connection (OEC)

Other End Connection (OEC)

Definition(s)

Other End Connection

Connection that is not specified in an API specification or standard.
  • NOTE: This includes API flanges and hubs with non-API gasket preparations and manufacturer's proprietary connections.
Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Other End Connection (OEC)

Connection which is not specified in an ISO standard. NOTE This includes ISO flanges and hubs with non-ISO gasket preparations and manufacturer's proprietary connections. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Major Repair Weld

Major Repair Weld

Definition(s)

Major Repair Weld

Weld whose depth that is greater than 25 % of the original wall thickness or 25.4 mm (1 in.), whichever is less.

Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Major Repair Weld

Weld whose depth is greater than 25 % of the original wall thickness or 25 mm, whichever is less. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Loose Connection

Loose Connection

Definition(s)

Loose Connection

Flange (studded or open-face), hub connection, or OEC used to join together equipment, but not integral to the equipment.

Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Loose Connection

Flange (studded or open-face), hub connection or other end connection (3.47) used to join together equipment, but not integral to the equipment. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Linear Indication 〈Liquid Penetrant or Magnetic Particle Examination〉

Linear Indication 〈Liquid Penetrant or Magnetic Particle Examination〉

Definition(s)

Linear Indication 〈Liquid Penetrant or Magnetic Particle Examination〉

Indication whose length is equal to or greater than three times its width. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Leakage

Leakage

Definition(s)

Leakage

Visible passage of fluid during pressurization or a hold period from the inside to the outside of the pressure-containment area of the equipment being tested. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Leakage

Visible passage of pressurized fluid from the inside to the outside of the pressure containment area of the equipment being tested. Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Integral, Adj 〈parts〉

Integral, Adj 〈parts〉

Definition(s)

Integral (adjective)

{Parts} joined by the forging, casting, or welding process. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Integral, Adj 〈parts〉

Joined by the forging, casting or welding process. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Hub

Hub

Definition(s)

Hub

Protruding rim with an external angled shoulder and a sealing mechanism used to join pressure-containing equipment. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Hot-Work, Verb

Hot-Work, Verb

Definition(s)

Hot-Work, (verb)

Deform metal plastically at a temperature above the recrystallization temperature. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Heat Treatment Load

Heat Treatment Load

Definition(s)

Heat Treatment Load

  • For batch furnaces: material placed on loading or carry devices and moved as a batch through one heat treat cycle
  • For continuous furnaces: group of pieces of material with the same nominal size that is moved sequentially through the heat treatment process using the same process parameters.
Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Heat Treatment Load

That material moved as a batch through one heat treatment cycle. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Heat or Cast Lot

Heat or Cast Lot

Definition(s)

Heat or Cast Lot

Material originating from a final melt. NOTE For remelted alloys, a heat is defined as the raw material originating from a single remelted ingot. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Gasket-Retaining Load

Gasket-Retaining Load

Definition(s)

Gasket-Retaining Load

Portion of the clamping load required to offset the separating force the gasket exerts on the hubs when pressurized. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards  

Gasket-Retaining Load

That portion of the clamping load required to offset the separating force the gasket exerts on the mating parts when pressurized. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Gasket-Seating Load

Gasket-Seating Load

Definition(s)

Gasket-Seating Load

That portion of the clamping load required to seat the gasket and bring the hub faces into contact. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards  

Gasket-Seating Load

That portion of the clamping load required to seat the gasket and bring the mating RCD and RCD bearing assembly faces into contact. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Full-Penetration Weld

Full-Penetration Weld

Definition(s)

Full-Penetration Weld

Weld that extends throughout the complete wall section of the parts joined. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Data Acquisition System

Data Acquisition System

Definition(s)

Data Acquisition System

System for capturing and storing data
  • NOTE: Examples include strip chart recorders, circular chart recorders, or computer systems.
Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global

Data Acquisition System

System for storing and/or providing permanent copies of test information. EXAMPLES Strip chart recorders, circular chart recorders or computer systems. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards  

Data Acquisition System

A system for storing and/or providing permanent copies of test information, such as: strip chart recorders, circular chart recorders, or computer systems. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Clamping Load

Clamping Load

Definition(s)

Clamping Load

Axial load applied to clamp hubs by the clamp due to bolt tightening. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards  

Clamping Load

The axial load applied to the clamp hubs by the clamp due to hydraulic force or bolt tightening. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Clamp, Noun

Clamp, Noun

Definition(s)

Clamp, (noun)

Device with internal angled shoulders used to fasten mating hubs. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards  

Clamp

Device with internal angled shoulders used to fasten mating hubs. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Cast, Verb

Cast, Verb

Definition(s)

Cast, Verb

To pour molten metal into a mold to produce an object of desired shape. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Cast, Verb

Pour molten metal into a mould to produce an object of desired shape. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
Bolting

Bolting

Definition(s)

Bolting

All threaded fasteners, tap-end studs, double-ended studs, headed bolts, cap screws, screws, and nuts.

Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Bolting

All-thread studs, tap-end studs, double-ended studs, headed bolts, cap screws, screws, and nuts.

Source: API Specification 20E, Alloy and Carbon Steel Bolting for Use in the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries, Second Edition, February 2017. Global Standards

Bolting

All threaded fasteners, including studs, tap-end studs, double-ended studs, headed bolts, cap screws, screws, and nuts. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Bolting

Threaded fasteners used to join end or outlet connections. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards  

Bolting

Threaded fasteners (studs, nuts, bolts and cap screws) used to assemble pressure containing parts or join end or outlet connections. Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards  

Bolting

Threaded fasteners used to join end or outlet connections. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Blind Connection

Blind Connection

Definition(s)

Blind Connection

End or outlet connection with no center bore, used to completely close off an outlet. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Blind Connection

End or outlet connection with no centre bore, used to completely close off a connection. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards
WRSV

WRSV

Definition(s)

WRSV

Wireline-retrievable safety valve. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global Standards
TRSV

TRSV

Definition(s)

TRSV

Tubing-retrievable safety valve. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global Standards
SSSV

SSSV

Definition(s)

SSSV

Subsurface safety valve. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards Source: API RP 2SIM, Structural Integrity Management of Fixed Offshore Structures, First Edition, November 2014. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global Standards  

SSSV

Sub Surface Safety Valve. Source: NOGEPA Industrial Guideline No. 41, Well Construction Process Checklist, Drilling Best Practices, Netherlands, Version 0, December 2011. Global Standards Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global Standards
SSCSV

SSCSV

Definition(s)

SSCSV

Subsurface controlled subsurface safety valve. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global Standards
Validation Test

Validation Test

Definition(s)

Validation Test

Test performed to qualify a particular size, type and model of equipment for a specific class of service. NOTE See Annex B for details. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global Standards
Test Section

Test Section

Definition(s)

Test Section

Test apparatus which contains the SSSV and provides for connection to a test facility's validation test apparatus. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global Standards  
Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC)

Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC)

Definition(s)

Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC)

Cracking of metal involving corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) in the presence of water and H2S. NOTE SSC is a form of hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) and involves embrittlement of the metal by atomic hydrogen that is produced by acid corrosion on the metal surface. Hydrogen uptake is promoted in the presence of sulfides. The atomic hydrogen can diffuse into the metal, reduce ductility and increase susceptibility to cracking. High strength metallic materials and hard weld zones are prone to SSC. [ISO 15156-1]. Source: API SPEC 14A, Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equipment, Eleventh Edition, October 2005 (Reaffirmed June 2012). Global Standards  

Sulfide Stress Cracking

Cracking of metal involving corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) in the presence of water and H2S NOTE SSC is a form of hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) and involves embrittlement of the metal by atomic hydrogen that is produced by acid corrosion on the metal surface. Hydrogen uptake is promoted in the presence of sulfides. The atomic hydrogen can diffuse into the metal, reduce ductility and increase susceptibility to cracking. High strength metallic materials and hard weld zones are prone to SSC. [ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.23] Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global Standards