Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
Part
Definition(s)
Part
Individual piece used in the assembly of single equipment units.- EXAMPLES Body, bonnet, gate, stud, handwheel, etc., are parts of a valve. A part may also be a piece not in finished form.
Part
Individual piece used in the assembly of a single unit of equipment. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsPart
An individual piece used in the assembly of a single equipment unit. Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsPart Factor
Definition(s)
Part Factor , f3,est
Derating factor that de-rates a component, taking account of non-pressure-related axial loads, e.g. bending and externally-applied direct-acting axial forces so that the combined hoop and axial stresses are still within the design envelope for each individual load case.- Note: 1 to entry: f3,est is estimated at the bid stage. The f3,est part factor cannot be confirmed until a stress analysis is conducted. The f3,est part factor can vary from one load case to another.
Part Factor , f2
Derating factor related to confidence in the pipework system, the nature of the application and the consequences of failure. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global StandardsPartial Overlay Equipment
Definition(s)
Partial Overlay Equipment
Equipment where some, but not all, retained fluid-wetted surfaces are either weld overlaid or weld clad with a corrosion-resistant alloy or an austenitic stainless steel to resist metal-loss corrosion. Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global StandardsPartial Pressure
Definition(s)
Partial Pressure
Pressure a fluid would exert if it alone were present in the container. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsParticipating Interest
Definition(s)
Participating Interest
Participating interest means an undivided share of a permit that is expressed as a percentage recorded on the permit. Source: Health and Safety in Employment (Petroleum Exploration and Extraction) Regulations 2013, SR 2013/208, New Zealand, as of May 2013. RegulationsParticle
Definition(s)
Particle
Discrete unit of solid material that consists of a single grain or of any number of grains stuck together. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global StandardsParticle Size Distribution
Definition(s)
Particle Size Distribution
Mass, or net volume, classification of solid particles into each of the various size ranges as a percentage of the total solids of all sizes in a fluid sample. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global StandardsParticulate
Definition(s)
Particulate
Inhalable materials considered by ACGIH to be hazardous when deposited anywhere in the respiratory tract. API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global StandardsParticulate Matter
Definition(s)
Particulate Matter
Suspension of fine solid or liquid particles in air, such as dust, fog, fume, mist, smoke, or sprays. NOTE Particulate matter suspended in air is commonly known as an aerosol. Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global StandardsPartner/Partnership
Definition(s)
Partner/Partnership
A third party that has agreed to cooperate with a company to advance their mutual interests. A partnership may be based on a commercial agreement between two companies (such as a joint venture) or it may be based on sharing of inputs towards a non-financial societal or environmental objective. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global StandardsPascal’s Laws
Definition(s)
Pascal's Laws
Pressure acts uniformly in all directions on a small volume of liquid; in a liquid confined by solid boundaries, pressure acts perpendicular to the boundary. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsPass Mark
Definition(s)
Pass Mark
specific score on an examination where candidates who obtain that specific score or a higher score pass the examination and candidates who obtain a lower score fail the examination Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global StandardsPassing Score
Definition(s)
Passing Score
specific score on an examination where candidates who obtain that specific score or a higher score pass the examination and candidates who obtain a lower score fail the examination Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global StandardsPassive Attack
Definition(s)
Passive Attack
An actual assault perpetrated by an intentional threat source that attempts to learn or make use of information from a system, but does not attempt to alter the system, its resources, its data, or its operations. Adapted from: IETF RFC 4949, NIST SP 800-63 Rev 1. Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global StandardsPassive Barrier
Definition(s)
Passive barrier
Passive barriers are typically “permanent” barriers that are not actuated or routinely disturbed once they are in place, such as the following: cement (and competent underground strata); downhole packers (including seal-bore extensions); downhole components, such as mandrels and valves for gaslift and chemical injection; subsea wellheads (including wellhead gaskets); casing and tubing strings (including hangers and seal assemblies); subsea tree bodies and valve blocks (including interfacing gaskets); pipeline systems (including jumpers, connector bodies, gaskets and pipe); tree and manifold piping; pressure-sealing caps (including gaskets).1Source(s)
1. API RP 17A, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—General Requirements and Recommendations, Fourth Edition, Reaffirmed 2011. Global Standards
Passive Fire Protection
Definition(s)
Passive Fire Protection
Method of minimizing fire damage by use of sacrificial or non-combustible coatings. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global StandardsPassive Fire Protection (PFP)
Coating or cladding arrangement or free-standing system which, in the event of fire, will provide thermal protection to restrict the rate at which heat is transmitted to the object or area being protected Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global StandardsPassive Fire Protection
Coating, cladding, or free-standing system that provides thermal protection in the event of a fire and that requires no manual, mechanical or other means of initiation, replenishment or sustenance. NOTE Definition taken from DNV OS-D-301. Source: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global StandardsPassword
Definition(s)
Password
A string of characters (letters, numbers, and other symbols) used to authenticate an identity or to verify access authorization. From: FIPS 140-2. Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global StandardsPAUT
Definition(s)
PAUT
Phased array ultrasonic technique. Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global StandardsPawl
Definition(s)
Pawl (dog)
A mechanical device that prevents motion in one or more directions. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global StandardsPawl (dog)
A device for positively holding a member against motion in one or more directions. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global StandardsPayload
Definition(s)
Payload <CCU>
The maximum permissible mass or weight of cargo that is authorized for transport by the CCU.
Source: API Standard 2CCU, Offshore Cargo Carrying Units, First Edition, August 2017. Global Standards