Buoyancy Equipment

Buoyancy Equipment

Definition(s)

Specification 16Q

Devices added to riser joints to reduce their weight in water and reduce riser top tension requirements.
  • NOTE: The devices normally used for risers are syntactic foam modules or air cans.
Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Buoyancy Equipment

Devices added to riser joints to reduce their apparent weight, thereby reducing riser top tension requirements. The devices normally used for risers take the form of syntactic foam modules or open-bottom air chambers. Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards  

Buoyancy Equipment

Devices added to riser joints to reduce their apparent weight, thereby reducing riser top tension requirements.
  • NOTE: The devices normally used for risers take the form of syntactic foam modules or open-bottom air chambers.
Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards
Buoyancy Control Line

Buoyancy Control Line

Definition(s)

Buoyancy Control Line

Auxiliary line dedicated to controlling, charging, or discharging air can buoyancy chambers.

Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Buoyancy Control Line

An auxiliary line dedicated to controlling, charging or discharging air can buoyancy chambers. Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards
Breech-Block Coupling

Breech-Block Coupling

Definition(s)

Breech-Block Coupling

A coupling which is engaged by rotation of one member into an interlock with another member by a small-angle rotation. Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards  

Breech-Block Coupling

A coupling which is engaged by partial rotation of one member into an interlock with another. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global Standards  

Breech-Block Coupling

Coupling that is engaged by rotation of one member into an interlock with another member by an angle of rotation of 90 ° or less. Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards

 
BOP Stack

BOP Stack

Definition(s)

BOP Stack

Blowout preventer stack. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

BOP Stack

Assembly of well control equipment including BOPs, spools, valves, hydraulic connectors and nipples that connects to the subsea wellhead or to the surface wellhead on top of a high pressure drilling riser. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards

BOP Stack

An assembly of well control equipment including BOP'S, spook, valves, hydraulic connectors, and nipples that connects to the subsea wellhead. Common usage of this term sometimes inlcludes the Lower Marine Riser Package (LMRP). Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards  

BOP Stack

Assembly of well control equipment including BOPs, spools, valves, hydraulic connectors, and nipples that connect to the subsea wellhead. NOTE As commonly used, this term sometimes includes the LMRP. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

BOP Stack

BOPs assembled as a unit, including all attachments. Source: API SPEC 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment Upstream Segment, Fifth Edition, June 2010 (August 2010). Global Standards Source:API SPECIFICATION 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment, Sixth Edition, December 2015. Global Standards  

BOP Stack

The assembly of well control equipment including BOPs, spools, valves, and nipples connected to the top of the casing head. Source: API SPEC 16D, Specification for Control Systems for Drilling Well Control Equipment and Control Systems for Diverter Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2004. Global Standards  

BOP Stack

Assembly of well-control equipment, including BOPs, spools, valves, hydraulic connectors and nipples, that connects to the subsea wellhead. NOTE Common usage of this term sometimes includes the lower marine riser package (LMRP). Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards
Ball Joint

Ball Joint

Definition(s)

Ball Joint

See flex joint.

Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards  

Ball Joint

Device(s) installed between the bottom of the diverter and the telescopic joint (upper flex or ball joint), in the top section of the LMRP (lower flex or ball joint), or under a keel joint (intermediate flex or ball joint, if used), to permit relative angular movement of the riser and reduce stresses due to vessel motion and environmental forces.
  • NOTE: Upper flex ball joint is sometimes called a diverter flex ball joint.
Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Ball Joint

A ball and socket assembly having central through passage equal to or greater than the riser internal diameter which may be positioned in the riser string to reduce local bending stresses. Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards  

Ball Joint

Ball and socket assembly having a central through-passage equal to or greater than the riser internal diameter. NOTE This can be positioned in the riser string to reduce local bending stresses. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Ball Joint

Ball-and-socket assembly that has a central through-passage equal to or greater than the riser internal diameter and that may be positioned in the riser string to reduce local bending stresses. Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards
Back Pressure

Back Pressure

Definition(s)

Back pressure

Pressure resulting from restrictions to fluid flow downstream.

Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards  

Back Pressure

The pressure resulting from restriction of fluid flow downstream. Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards

Backpressure

Pressure that exists at the outlet of a pressure-relief device or depressuring valve as a result of the pressure in the discharge system.
  • NOTE The backpressure is the sum of the superimposed and built-up backpressures.
Source:API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards

Backpressure (casing pressure, choke pressure)

The pressure existing at the surface on the casing side of the drill string/annulus flow system. Source: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global Standards
Auxiliary Line

Auxiliary Line

Definition(s)

Auxiliary Line

Rigid line attached to the outside of the riser main tube [exclusive of the choke and kill (C/K) lines]; e.g. hydraulic supply line, mud boost line, air line.

Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Auxiliary Line

A conduit (excluding choke and kill lines) attached to the outside of the riser main tube. Example: Hydraulic supply line, buoyancy control line, mud boost line. Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards  

Auxiliary Line

Conduit (excluding choke and kill lines) attached to the outside of the riser main pipe. EXAMPLES Hydraulic supply line and annulus circulation line. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Auxiliary Line

An external conduit (excluding choke and kill lines) arranged parallel to the riser main tube for enabling fluid flow. Examples of these lines include a control system fluid line, a buoyancy control line, and a mud boost line. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global Standards
Apparent Weight

Apparent Weight

Definition(s)

Apparent Weight

Weight minus buoyancy (commonly referred to as weight in water, wet weight, submerged weight, or effective weight). Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards  

Apparent Weight

Submerged weight including content minus buoyancy. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards  

Apparent Weight

Weight minus buoyancy. NOTE Apparent weight is commonly referred to as weight in water, wet weight, submerged weight, or effective weight. Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards    
Air Can Buoyancy

Air Can Buoyancy

Definition(s)

Air Can Buoyancy

Uplift applied to the riser string by the net buoyancy from air (or other fluid) trapped in the air can.

Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

Air Can Buoyancy

Tension applied to the riser string by the net buoyancy of an air chamber created by a closed top, open bottom cylinder forming an air filled annulus around the outside of the riser pipe. Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards
Actuator

Actuator

Definition(s)

Actuator

Mechanism for the manual, remote, or automatic operation of a valve or choke.

Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global Standards  

Actuator

Mechanism for the remote or automatic operation of a valve or choke. Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards

Actuator

A mechanism for the remote or automatic operation of a valve or choke. Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global Standards Source: API RP 16Q, Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, First Edition, November 1993 (Reaffirmed August 2001). Global Standards  

Actuator

A device used to open or close a valve by means of applied manual, hydraulic, pneumatic, or electrical energy. Source: API RP 64, Recommended Practice for Diverter Systems Equipment and Operations, Second Edition, November 2001 (March 1, 2007). Global Standards

TSE

TSE

Definition(s)

TSE

Temperature Safety Element. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards
Station Bill

Station Bill

Definition(s)

Station Bill

A posted list, which sets forth the special duties and duty stations of each member of the personnel of a manned platform for emergencies, including a fire. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards
SI

SI

Definition(s)

SI

International System of Units. Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards

SI

International System. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  

SI

Système International d'Unités. Source: NORSOK D-001, Drilling facilities, Rev. 3, December 2012. Global Standards  

SI

Site investigation. Source: ABS Guidance Notes on Geotechnical Performance of Spudcan Foundations, January 2017. Global Standards
Secondary Means of Escape

Secondary Means of Escape

Definition(s)

Secondary Means of Escape

Fixed stairways or fixed ladders of non-combustible construction or portable flexible ladders, knotted manropes, or other devices, approved by the regulatory agency. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards
Primary Means of Escape

Primary Means of Escape

Definition(s)

Primary Means of Escape

Fixed stairways or fixed ladders of non-combustible construction. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
PFD

PFD

Definition(s)

PFD

Process flow diagram or probability of failure on demand. Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards

PFD

Probability of failure on demand. Source: ISO 17776:2016, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Major accident hazard management during the design of new installations, Second Edition, December 2016. Global Standards

PFD

Process Flow Diagram. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  

PFD

Personal Flotation Device. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards Source:API RP T-1, Creating Orientation Programs for Personnel Going Offshore, Fifth Edition, November 2016. Global Standards  

PFD

Partial Factor Design. Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global Standards
Open-Type Platform

Open-Type Platform

Definition(s)

Open-Type Platform

A platform that has sufficient natural ventilation to minimize the accumulation of vapors. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
OOC

OOC

Definition(s)

OOC

Offshore Operators Committee. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards Source: Deepwater Well Control Guidelines. IADC Guidelines
NVIC

NVIC

Definition(s)

NVIC

Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
NFC

NFC

Definition(s)

NFC

National Fire Code. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
MCC

MCC

Definition(s)

MCC

Motor Control Center. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
IR

IR

Definition(s)

IR

Infrared Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards Source: Deepwater Well Control Guidelines. IADC Guidelines
Incipient Stage Fire

Incipient Stage Fire

Definition(s)

Incipient Stage Fire

Is a fire which is in the initial or beginning stage and which can be controlled or extinguished by portable fire extinguishers or small hose systems without the need for protective clothing or breathing apparatus. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  

Incipient Stage Fire

“Incipient Stage Fire” means a fire which is in the initial or beginning stage and which can be controlled or extinguished by portable fire extinguishers. Source: State of Wyoming Occupational Safety and Health Rules and Regulations for Oil and Gas Well Drilling, Revised January 8, 2013. Regulations  
Ignition Source

Ignition Source

Definition(s)

Ignition Source

A source of temperature and energy sufficient to initiate combustion. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards
Ignitable Mixture

Ignitable Mixture

Definition(s)

Ignitable (Flammable) Mixture

A gas-air mixture that is capable of being ignited by an open flame, electric arc or spark, or device operating at or above the ignition temperature of the gas-air mixture. See flammable (explosive) limits. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
Ignite

Ignite

Definition(s)

Ignite

To cause to burn. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
Fuel

Fuel

Definition(s)

Fuel

Any material which will burn. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
Flash Point

Flash Point

Definition(s)

 Flash Point

The lowest temperature at which a flammable product emits enough vapor to form an ignitable mixture in air, (e.g. gasoline's flash point is about –45 °F, diesel's flash point varies from about 125 °F to 200 °F.)
  • NOTE: An ignition source is required to cause ignition above the flash point, but below the auto-ignition temperature.
Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards  

Flashpoint

Lowest liquid temperature at which, under certain standardized conditions, a liquid gives off vapours in a quantity such as to be capable of forming an ignitable vapour/air mixture. [IEV 426-02-14]. Source: IEC 61892-7, Mobile and fixed offshore units – Electrical installations – Part 7: Hazardous areas. Global Standards

Flashpoint

"Flashpoint" means the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off vapor within a test vessel in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid and shall be determined as follows: (A) For a liquid which has a viscosity of less than 45 SUS at 100°F. (37.8°C.), does not contain suspended solids, and does not have a tendency to form a surface film while under test, the procedure specified in the Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Tag Closed Tester (ASTM D-56-70) shall be used. (B) For a liquid which has a viscosity of 45 SUS or more at 100°F.(37.8°C.), or contains suspended solids or has a tendency to form a surface film while under test, the Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester (ASTM D-93-7I) shall be used, except that the methods specified in Note 1 to Section 1.1 of ASTM D-93-71 may be used for the respective materials specified in the Note. (C) For a liquid that is a mixture of compounds that have different volatilities and flashpoints, its flashpoint shall be determined by using the procedure specified in paragraph (xxv) (A) or (B) of this section on the liquid in the form it is shipped. If the flashpoint, as determined by this test is 100°F. (37.8°C.) or higher, an additional flashpoint determination shall be run on a sample of the liquid evaporated to ninety (90) percent of its original volume, and the lower value of the two tests shall be considered the flashpoint of the material. (D) Organic peroxides, which undergo autoaccelerating thermal decomposition, are excluded from any of the flashpoint determination methods specified in this subparagraph. Source: State of Wyoming Occupational Safety and Health Rules and Regulations for Oil and Gas Well Drilling, Revised January 8, 2013. Regulations  

Flash Point

The minimum temperature of a liquid at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with air, near the surface of the liquid or within the vessel used, as determined by the test procedure and apparatus specified in NFPA 30. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards  

Flashpoint

Flashpoint means the temperature in degrees Celsius (closed cup test) at which a product will give off enough flammable vapour to be ignited, as determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1321, Guidelines for measures to prevent fires in engine-rooms and cargo pump-rooms, 11 June 2009, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance  

Flash Point

The lowest temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is just sufficient to produce a flammable mixture at the lower limit of flammability. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  

Flashpoint

Flashpoint is the temperature in degrees Celsius (closed cup test) at which a product will give off enough flammable vapour to be ignited, as determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus. <Chapter II-2, part A, regulation 3>. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.99(73), amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, 5 December 2000, International Maritime Organization. Legislation
Flammable Limits

Flammable Limits

Definition(s)

Flammable (Explosive) Limits

The lower and upper percentages by volume of concentration of gas in a gas-air mixture that will form an ignitable mixture. (See NFPA 325M.) Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  
Enclosed Area

Enclosed Area

Definition(s)

Enclosed Area

A three-dimensional space enclosed by more than two thirds e/3) of the possible protected plane surface area and of sufficient size to allow the entry of personnel. For a typical building, this would require that 2/3 or more of the walls, ceiling, and/or floor are present. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global Standards  

Enclosed Area

Any room or enclosure within which, in the absence of artificial ventilation, the ventilation will be limited and any flammable atmosphere will not be dispersed naturally. Source: IEC 61892-7, Mobile and fixed offshore units – Electrical installations – Part 7: Hazardous areas. Global Standards