Drilled-Solids Removal System Performance

Drilled-Solids Removal System Performance

Definition(s)

Drilled-Solids Removal System Performance

Measure of the removal of drilled solids by surface solids-control equipment. NOTE The calculation is based on a comparison of the dilution required to maintain the desired drilled-solids content, with that which would have been required if none of the drilled solids were removed. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Drilled-Solids Removal System

Drilled-Solids Removal System

Definition(s)

Drilled-Solids Removal System

All equipment and processes used while drilling a well that remove the solids generated from the hole and carried by the drilling fluid. NOTE These processes include settling, screening, desanding, desilting, centrifuging and dumping. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Drilled-Solids Fraction

Drilled-Solids Fraction

Definition(s)

Drilled-Solids Fraction

Average volume fraction of drilled solids maintained in the drilling fluid over a specified interval of footage. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Drilled Solids

Drilled Solids

Definition(s)

Drilled Solids

Formation solids which enter the drilling-fluid system, whether produced by the drill bit or from the side of the borehole. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Drilled Solids

Drilling solids or cuttings are particles that are generated by drilling into subsurface geological formations and are carried to the surface with drilling muds. Source:  Offshore Waste Treatment Guidelines, The Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, and National Energy Board, Canada, December 15, 2010. Regulatory Guidance  

Drilled Solids

Drilling muds are fluids that are circulated in oil and gas wells to clean and condition the hole, to lubricate the drill bit and to counterbalance formation pressure. These muds consist of a “continuous phase” which forms the base fluid and in which the various other mud components are suspended or dissolved. Depending on the nature of the well to be drilled and the technical requirements, wells may be drilled using one mud system from top to bottom, or may require modifications to the mud formulation or mud type as the well progresses. Source:  Offshore Waste Treatment Guidelines, The Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, and National Energy Board, Canada, December 15, 2010. Regulatory Guidance  
Dilution Factor

Dilution Factor

Definition(s)

Dilution Factor

Ratio of the actual volume of clean drilling fluid required to maintain a targeted drilled solids concentration to the volume of drilling fluid required to maintain the same drilled solids fraction over the same specified interval of footage with no drilled-solids removal system. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Dilution

Dilution

Definition(s)

Dilution

Method of decreasing the drilled-solids content of a slurry by addition of a material(s) other than drilled solids, usually a clean drilling fluid. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Desilter

Desilter

Definition(s)

Desilter

Hydrocyclone having an inside diameter less than 152 mm (6 in). Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Desander

Desander

Definition(s)

Desander

Hydrocyclone, having an inside diameter of 152 mm (6 in) or larger, that removes a high proportion of the particles of diameter 74 μm and larger from a drilling fluid. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Density

Density

Definition(s)

Density

Mass divided by volume. NOTE 1 In the SI system, density is expressed in kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m3); In United States Customary units it is expressed as pounds per gallon (lb/gal) or pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft3). NOTE 2 Drilling fluid density is commonly referred to as “drilling fluid weight” or “mud weight. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Density

Mass of a substance per unit of volume. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards  

Density

Density is the ratio of the mass to the volume of a product, expressed in terms of kilograms per cubic metre. This applies to liquids, gases and vapours. Source: Resolution MEPC.119(52), 2004 amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code), 15 October 2004, International Maritime Organization, Regulatory Guidance  
Decanting Centrifuge

Decanting Centrifuge

Definition(s)

Decanting Centrifuge

Centrifuge which removes solids from a feed slurry by rotating the liquid in cylindrical bowl at high speed and discharges the larger particles as a damp underflow. NOTE Colloidal solids are discharged with the liquid overflow, or light slurry. The decanting centrifuge has an internal auger that moves solids that have settled to the bowl walls out of a pool of liquid and to the underflow. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
D100 Separation

D100 Separation

Definition(s)

D100 Separation

Particle size, expressed in micrometres, determined by plotting the percentage of aluminium oxide (aluminum oxide) sample separated by the test screen on the plot of cumulative mass fraction (as percent) retained versus U.S. Sieve Opening (expressed in micrometres) for the sieve analysis of the aluminium oxide test sample. NOTE 100 % of the particles larger than the D100 separation are retained by the test screen. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Cuttings

Cuttings

Definition(s)

Cuttings

Formation pieces dislodged by the drill bit and brought to the surface in the drilling fluid. NOTE Field practice is to call all solids removed by the shaker screen “cuttings,” although some can be sloughed material. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Cuttings

Cuttings as mentioned in the first subsection, means both solid material from the formation and solid material added as part of the drilling fluid or other fluids used in drilling and well activities. Organic drilling fluid means mineral oil-based and synthetic drilling fluid. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Activities Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  
Conductance

Conductance

Definition(s)

Conductance

Permeability per unit thickness of a static (not in motion) shale-shaker screen. NOTE It is expressed in units of kilodarcies/millimetre. The darcy is not an SI unit. The SI unit of permeability to fluid flow is defined as the amount of permeability that permits 1 m3 of fluid of a viscosity of 1 pascal per second to flow through a section 1 m thick with a cross section of 1 m2 in 1 second at a pressure difference of 1 pascal. That unit has no special name. The SI unit of permeability = 1,013 25 × 1012 darcy. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Colloidal Solid

Colloidal Solid

Definition(s)

Colloidal Solid

Particle of diameter less than 2 μm. NOTE This term is commonly used as a synonym for clay particle size. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Coating

Coating

Definition(s)

Coating

Material applied to the pipe to help prevent corrosion or erosion. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards

Coating

Metallic, inorganic or organic material applied to steel surfaces for prevention of corrosion. Source: Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C101, Design of Offshore Steel Structures, General (LRFD Method, Det Norske Veritas, April 2011. Global Standards  

Coating

Permanent deposition of a material onto the surface of a part to enhance its surface properties such as improving corrosion protection, wear resistance, or reducing friction.

Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global Standards

Coating (Substance)

Material adhering to a surface to change the properties of the surface. cf. blinding (3.1.11) Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Coating (Physical Process)

Procedure by which material forms a film that covers the apertures of the screening surface. cf. blinding (3.1.11). Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards
Clay Particle

Clay Particle

Definition(s)

Clay Particle

Colloidal particles of clay mineral having less than 2 μm equivalent spherical diameter cf. colloidal solid (3.1.20). Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Clay Mineral

Clay Mineral

Definition(s)

Clay Mineral

Soft variously coloured earth, commonly hydrous silicate of alumina. NOTE Clay minerals are essentially insoluble in water but disperse under hydration, grinding, heating or velocity effects. Particle sizes of clay mineral can vary from sub-micrometre to larger than 100 μm. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Check Section

Check Section

Definition(s)

Check Section (or Suction Section)

Last active section in the surface system which provides a location for rig pump and mud hopper suction, and ideally is large enough to check and adjust drilling fluid properties before the drilling fluid is pumped downhole. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Centrifuge

Centrifuge

Definition(s)

Centrifuge

Device, rotated by an external force, for the purpose of separating materials of various masses (depending upon specific gravity and particle sizes) from a slurry to which the rotation is imparted primarily by the rotating containing walls. NOTE In a weighted drilling fluid, a centrifuge is usually used to eliminate colloidal solids. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Centrifugal Pump

Centrifugal Pump

Definition(s)

Centrifugal Pump

Machine for moving fluid by spinning it using a rotating impeller in a casing with a central inlet and a tangential outlet. NOTE The path of the fluid is an increasing spiral from the inlet at the centre to the outlet, tangent to the impeller annulus. In the annular space between the impeller vane tips and the casing wall, the fluid velocity is roughly the same as that of the impeller vane tips. Useful work is produced by the pump when some of the spinning fluid flows out of the casing tangential outlet into the pipe system. Power from the motor is used to accelerate the fluid entering the inlet up to the speed of the fluid in the annulus. Some of the motor power is expended as friction of the fluid in the casing and impeller. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Centrifugal Pump

Rotating machine device that uses centrifugal force to convert mechanical energy into pressure or head. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards  
Bonding Material

Bonding Material

Definition(s)

Bonding Material

Material used to secure screen cloth to a backing plate or support screen. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Blinding

Blinding

Definition(s)

Blinding

Reduction of open area in a screening surface caused by coating or plugging. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Barite

Barite

Definition(s)

Barite (Baryte)

Natural barium sulfate (BaSO4) used for increasing the density of drilling fluids. NOTE International Standards require a minimum specific gravity of 4,20 for barite, but do not specify that the material must be barium sulfate. Commercial ISO 13500 barite can be produced from a single ore or a blend of ores, and can be a straight-mined product or processed by flotation methods. It can contain accessory minerals other than barium sulfate (BaSO4). Because of mineral impurities, commercial barite can vary in colour from off-white to grey to red or brown. Common accessory minerals are silicates such as quartz and chert, carbonate compounds such as siderite and dolomite, and metallic oxide and sulfide compounds. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Baffle

Baffle

Definition(s)

Baffle

Plate or obstruction built into a compartment to change the direction of fluid flow. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Backing Plate

Backing Plate

Definition(s)

Backing Plate

Support plate attached to the back of screen cloth(s). Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
API Screen Number

API Screen Number

Definition(s)

API Screen Number

Mesh, obsolete. Mesh count, obsolete. Number in an API system used to designate the D100 separation range of a mesh screen cloth. cf. D100 separation (3.1.23). NOTE 1 The term mesh was formerly used to refer to the number of openings (and fraction thereof) per linear inch in a screen, counted in both directions from the centre of a wire. This term is being replaced by the API screen number. NOTE 2 Mesh count was formerly used to describe the fineness of a square or rectangular mesh screen cloth. For example, a mesh count such as 30 × 30 or often 30 mesh indicates a square mesh, while a designation such as 70 x 30 mesh indicates rectangular mesh. This term is being replaced by the API screen number. NOTE See 9.6 for further information. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
API Sand

API Sand

Definition(s)

API Sand (physical description)

Particles in a drilling fluid that are too large to pass through a 74 μm sieve (API 200 screen). NOTE 1 Its amount is expressed as a volume fraction (percent) of drilling fluid. NOTE 2 Particle size is a descriptive term; the particles can be shale, limestone, wood, gold or any other material. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Apex

Apex

Definition(s)

Apex

Opening at lower end of a hydrocyclone. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Aperture

Aperture

Definition(s)

Aperture (Screen Cloth)

Opening between the wires in a screen cloth. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Aperture (Screen Surface)

Opening in a screen surface. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  
Agitator

Agitator

Definition(s)

Agitator (or Mechanical Stirrer)

Mechanically driven mixer that stirs the drilling fluid by turning an impeller near the bottom of a mud compartment to blend additives, suspend solids and maintain a uniform consistency of the drilling fluid. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards