Thermal Inbreathing

Thermal Inbreathing

Definition(s)


Thermal Inbreathing

Movement of air or blanketing gas into a tank when vapours in the tank contract or condense as a result of weather changes (e.g. a decrease in atmospheric temperature). Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Set Pressure

Set Pressure

Definition(s)


Set Pressure

Inlet gauge pressure at which a pressure-relief device is set to open under service conditions.

Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards

Set Pressure

Gauge pressure at the device inlet at which the relief device is set to start opening under service conditions. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. GlobalStandards
Standard Cubic Feet Per Hour (SCFH)

Standard Cubic Feet Per Hour (SCFH)

Definition(s)


Standard Cubic Feet Per Hour (SCFH)

USC unit for volumetric flow rate of air or gas (same as free air or free gas) at a temperature of 15,6 °C (60 °F) and an absolute pressure of 101,3 kPa (14,7 psi), expressed in cubic feet per hour. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards    
Rollover

Rollover

Definition(s)


Rollover

Uncontrolled mass movement of stored liquid, correcting an unstable state of stratified liquids of different densities and resulting in a significant evolution of product vapour. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Required Flow Capacity

Required Flow Capacity

Definition(s)


Required Flow Capacity

Flow through a relief device required to prevent excessive pressure or vacuum in a tank under the most severe operating or emergency conditions. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Relieving Pressure

Relieving Pressure

Definition(s)


Relieving Pressure

Pressure at the inlet of a relief device when the fluid is flowing at the required relieving capacity. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Relief Device

Relief Device

Definition(s)


Relief Device

Device used to relieve excess pressure and/or vacuum that has developed in a tank. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Refrigerated Tank

Refrigerated Tank

Definition(s)


Refrigerated Tank

Container that stores liquid at a temperature below atmospheric temperature with or without the aid of refrigeration, either by evaporation of the tank contents or by a circulating refrigeration system. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
PV Valve

PV Valve

Definition(s)


PV Valve

Weight-loaded, pilot-operated, or spring-loaded valve, used to relieve excess pressure and/or vacuum that has developed in a tank. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Petroleum Products

Petroleum Products

Definition(s)


Petroleum Products

Hydrocarbon materials or other products derived from crude oil. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  

Petroleum Products

“Petroleum products” has the same meaning as in the Energy Act 1976 (Note: 1976 c. 76). Source: UK Offshore Safety Act 1992, 1992 c. 15 (February 2013). Legislation  

Petroleum Products

"Petroleum product" means any commodity made from petroleum or natural gas and includes refined crude oil, processed crude petroleum, residuum from crude petroleum cracking stock, uncracked fuel oil, fuel oil, treated crude oil residuum, casing head gasoline, natural gas gasoline, naphtha, distillate gasoline, kerosene, bitumen, asphalt and tar, waste oil, blended gasoline, lubricating oil, blends or mixture of oil with one or more liquid products or by products derived from oil or gas and blends or mixtures of two or more liquid products or by-products derived from oil condensate and gas or petroleum hydrocarbons not specified hereinbefore. Source: The Oil Industry (Development) Act, 1974, Act No. 47 of 1974, India, as amended as of May 2013. Legislation  

Petroleum Product

“Petroleum product” means any commodity made from petroleum or natural gas and shall include refined crude oil, processed crude petroleum, residum from crude petroleum, cracking stock, uncracked fuel oil, fuel oil, treated crude oil residum, casing head gasoline, natural gas gasoline, naptha, distillate gasoline, kerosene, waste oil, blended gasoline, lubricating oil, blends or mixture of oil with one or more liquid products or by-products derived from oil or gas, and blends or mixtures of two or more liquid products or by-products derived from oil condensate; gas or petroleum hydrocarbons; whether herein enumerated or not. Source: The Petroleum and Natural Gas Rules, 1959 (As amended from time to time), India, as amended as of May 2013. Regulations
Petroleum

Petroleum

Definition(s)


Petroleum

Crude oil. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  

Petroleum

“Petroleum” means oil or gas; hydrocarbures. Source: Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Resources Accord Implementation Act, S.C. 1988, c. 28, Canada, current to May 26, 2013. Legislation Source:  Canada Petroleum Resources Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. 36 (2nd Supp.), current to April 29, 2013. Legislation  

Petroleum

"Petroleum" means any liquid hydro-carbon or mixture of hydro- -carbons and any  inflammable mixture (liquid, viscous or solid) containing any liquid hydro-carbon. Source: The Petroleum Act, 1934 (Act No. 30 of 1934), India, 1934. Legislation  

Petroleum

“Petroleum” has the same meaning as in the Petroleum Act, 1934 and includes natural gas and refinery gas. Source: The Petroleum Mineral Pipelines (Acquisition of Right of User in Land) Act, 1962, Act No. 50 of 1962, India, as amended as of May 2013. Legislation  

Petroleum

Petroleum means:
  1. any naturally occurring hydrocarbon, whether in a gaseous, liquid or solid state; or
  2. any naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbons, whether in a gaseous, liquid or solid state; or
  3. any naturally occurring mixture of:
    1. one or more hydrocarbons, whether in a gaseous, liquid or solid state; and
    2. one or more of the following, that is to say, hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen, helium and carbon dioxide; and:
  4. includes any petroleum as defined by paragraph (a), (b) or (c) that has been returned to a natural reservoir; and
  5. for the purposes of the pipeline provisions, also includes any petroleum as defined by paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d), where:
    1. one or more things have been added; or
    2. one or more things have been wholly or partly removed; or both; and
  6. for the purposes of the pipeline provisions, also includes any mixture that:
    1. has been recovered from a well; and
    2. includes petroleum as defined by paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d); whether or not:
    3. one or more things have been added; or
    4. one or more things have been wholly or partly removed; or both.
 Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006, Australia, amended 2012. Legislation  

Petroleum

Disregard the definition of petroleum in section 7 of this Act in determining the meaning that the expression petroleum has or had in the Petroleum (Submerged Lands) Act 1967.  Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006, Australia, amended 2012. Legislation  

Petroleum

“Petroleum” means petroleum under the law on petroleum. Source: Law of Information Energy, Act on Offences Relating to Offshore Petroleum Production Places B.E. 2530 (1987), Thailand, as of June 2013. Legislation  

Petroleum

“Petroleum” means crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquid, by-products and other naturally occurring hydrocarbons in a free state, whether solid, semi-solid, liquid or gaseous, and it shall include all heavy hydrocarbons which can be recovered in situ by thermal or chemical processes, but shall not include coal, oil shale or other kinds of rocks from which oil can be extracted by application of heat or chemical process. Source: Law of Information Energy, Petroleum Act B.E. 2514 (1971), Thailand, as of June 2013. Legislation  

Petroleum

“Petroleum” has the same meaning as in Part I of the Petroleum Act 1998 (Note: 1998 c. 17). Source: UK Offshore Safety Act 1992, 1992 c. 15 (February 2013). Legislation  

Petroleum

In paragraph (1) “petroleum” means any mineral oil or relative hydrocarbon and natural gas existing in its natural condition in strata, but does not include coal or bituminous shales or other stratified deposits from which oil can be extracted by destructive distillation. Source: The Borehole Sites and Operations Regulations 1995, UK S.I. 1995/2038, 1995. Regulations  

Petroleum

“Petroleum”—
  1. includes any mineral oil or relative hydrocarbon and natural gas, whether or not existing in its natural condition in strata; and
  2. does not include coal or bituminous shales or other stratified deposits from which oil can be extracted by destructive distillation.
Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. Regulations  

Petroleum

For S.I. 1995/738, in regulation 2(1) (interpretation) before the definition of “pipeline”, insert ““petroleum”—
  1. includes any mineral oil or relative hydrocarbon and natural gas, whether or not existing in its natural condition in strata; and
  2. does not include coal or bituminous shales or other stratified deposits from which oil can be extracted by destructive distillation.
Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. Regulations          

Petroleum

For S.I. 1995/743, in regulation 2(1) (interpretation) after the definition of “personal protective equipment”, insert ““petroleum”—
  1. includes any mineral oil or relative hydrocarbon and natural gas, whether or not existing in its natural condition in strata; and
  2. does not include coal or bituminous shales or other stratified deposits from which oil can be extracted by destructive distillation”.
Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. Regulations  

Petroleum

Petroleum— (a) means—(i) any naturally occurring hydrocarbon (other than coal), whether in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state; or (ii) any naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbons (other than coal), whether in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state; or (iii) any naturally occurring mixture of 1 or more hydrocarbons (other than coal), whether in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state, and 1 or more of the following, namely, carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen sulphide, or nitrogen; and (b) includes— (i) any petroleum that has been mined or otherwise recovered from its natural condition; and (ii) any petroleum that has been mined or otherwise recovered but has been returned to a natural reservoir for storage purposes. Source: Health and Safety in Employment (Petroleum Exploration and Extraction) Regulations 2013, SR 2013/208, New Zealand, as of May 2013. Regulations  

Petroleum

Petroleum means: (a) any naturally occurring hydrocarbon (other than coal) whether in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state; or (b) any naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbons (other than coal) whether in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state; or (c) any naturally occurring mixture of 1 or more hydrocarbons (other than coal) whether in a gaseous, liquid, or solid state, and 1 or more of the following, namely hydrogen sulphide, mercaptan, nitrogen, helium, or carbon dioxide— and includes any petroleum as so defined that has been mined or otherwise recovered from its natural condition, or that has been so mined or otherwise recovered but that has been returned to a natural reservoir for storage purposes in the same or an adjacent area. Source: Health and Safety in Employment (Mining Administration) Regulations 1996, SR 1996/220, New Zealand, as of January 2011. Regulations  

Petroleum

“Petroleum” means naturally occurring hydrocarbons in a free state, whether in the form of natural gas or in a liquid, viscous or solid form, but does not include helium occurring in association with petroleum, or coal, or shale, or any substance which may be extracted from coal, shale or other rock by application of heat or by a chemical process. Source: The Petroleum and Natural Gas Rules, 1959 (As amended from time to time), India, as amended as of May 2013. Regulations  

Petroleum

“Petroleum” means any liquid hydrocarbon or mixture of hydrocarbons, and any inflammable mixture (liquid, viscous or solid) containing any liquid hydrocarbon, including crude oil and liquefied petroleum gas, and the expression' petroleum product' shall mean any product manufactured from petroleum. Source: The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board Act, 2006, No. 19 of 2006, India, amended as of May 2013. Legislation
Overpressure

Overpressure

Definition(s)


Overpressure

Pressure increase at the PV valve inlet above the set pressure, when the PV valve is relieving. NOTE 1 Overpressure is expressed in pressure units or as a percentage of the set pressure. NOTE 2 The value or magnitude of the overpressure is equal to the value or magnitude of the accumulation when the valve is set at the maximum allowable working pressure or design pressure and the inlet piping losses are zero. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards    
Normal Venting

Normal Venting

Definition(s)


Normal Venting

Venting required because of operational requirements or atmospheric changes. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Normal Cubic Metres Per Hour (Nm3/h)

Normal Cubic Metres Per Hour (Nm3/h)

Definition(s)


Normal Cubic Metres Per Hour (Nm3/h)

SI unit for volumetric flow rate of air or gas at a temperature of 0 °C and pressure of 101,3 kPa, expressed in cubic metres per hour. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Emergency Venting

Emergency Venting

Definition(s)


Emergency Venting

Venting required when an abnormal condition, such as ruptured internal heating coils or an external fire, exists either inside or outside a tank. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards  
Capacity Control

Capacity Control

Definition(s)


Capacity Control

Use of varying operating speeds to control the volume of fluid moved under certain given conditions. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards  
Adjusted Set Pressure

Adjusted Set Pressure

Definition(s)


Adjusted Set Pressure

Inlet static pressure at which a pressure-relief valve is adjusted to open on the test stand. See set pressure (3.19). NOTE 1 Adjusted set pressure is equivalent to set pressure for direct-mounted end-of-line installations. NOTE 2 The adjusted set pressure includes corrections for service conditions of superimposed back-pressure. Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards
Accumulation

Accumulation

Definition(s)


Accumulation

Pressure increase over the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) of the vessel during discharge through the pressure-relief device.
  • NOTE Accumulation is expressed in units of pressure or as a percentage of MAWP or design pressure. Maximum allowable accumulations are established by pressure design codes for emergency operating and fire contingencies.
Source:API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards

Accumulation

Pressure increase over the maximum allowable working pressure or design pressure of the vessel allowed during discharge through the pressure-relief device.
  • NOTE Accumulation is expressed in units of pressure or as a percentage of MAWP or design pressure. Maximum allowable accumulations are established by pressure-design codes for emergency operating and fire contingencies.
Source: API STD 2000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks, Sixth Edition, November 2009. Global Standards
Critical Thickness

Critical Thickness

Definition(s)


Critical Thickness

The critical thickness for API couplings is defined as the thickness at the root of the thread at the middle of the coupling, based on the specified coupling diameter and the specified thread dimensions. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Yield Stress Bias

Yield Stress Bias

Definition(s)


Yield Stress Bias

Ratio of actual yield stress to specified minimum yield stress. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Yield

Yield

Definition(s)


Yield

Permanent, inelastic deformation. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
True Stress-Strain Curve

True Stress-Strain Curve

Definition(s)


True Stress-Strain Curve

Plot of Cauchy stress (ordinate) vs. logarithmic strain (abscissa).   Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
TPI

TPI

Definition(s)


TPI

Third-party inspection. Source: API STANDARD 16AR, Standard for Repair and Remanufacture of Drill-through Equipment, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

TPI

Threads per inch.
  • NOTE: 1 thread per inch = 0,039 4 threads per millimetre; 1 thread per millimetre = 25,4 threads per inch.
Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards
Synthesis Method

Synthesis Method

Definition(s)


Synthesis Method

Probability approach which addresses the uncertainty and likely values of pipe performance properties by using distributions of geometric and material property values. NOTE These distributions are combined with a limit state equation to determine the statistical distribution of a performance property. The performance distribution in combination with a defined lower percentile determines the final design equation. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Probabilistic Method

Probabilistic Method

Definition(s)


Probabilistic Method

Approach which uses distributions of geometric and material property values to calculate a distribution of performance property values. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Principal Stress

Principal Stress

Definition(s)


Principal Stress

Stress on a principal plane for which the shear stress is zero. NOTE For any general state of stress at any point, there exist three mutually perpendicular planes at that point on which shearing stresses are zero. The remaining normal stress components on these three planes are principal stresses. The largest of these three stresses is called the maximum principal stress. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Pipe Body Yield

Pipe Body Yield

Definition(s)


Pipe Body Yield

Stress state necessary to initiate yield at any location in the pipe body. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Mass

Mass

Definition(s)


Mass

Label used to represent wall thickness of tube cross section for a given pipe size. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  

Mass

Amount of matter that an object contains. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Logarithmic Strain

Logarithmic Strain

Definition(s)


Logarithmic Strain

Dimensionless measure of the stretch of a deforming line element, defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of the current length of the line element to its original length  1 NOTE Alternatively, the logarithmic strain can be estimated as the natural logarithm of one plus the engineering strain. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards  
Limit State Equation

Limit State Equation

Definition(s)


Limit State Equation

Equation which, when used with the measured geometry and material properties of a sample, produces an estimate of the failure value of that sample. NOTE A limit state equation describes the performance of an individual sample as closely as possible, without regard for the tolerances to which the sample was built. Source: API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, First Edition, December 2008. Global Standards