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Seal, Explosionproof Conduit

A sealing fitting, filled with a poured potting compound, designed to contain an explosion in the enclosure to which it is attached and to minimize passage of flammable gases or vapors from one location to another.

Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards

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Seal, Explosionproof Cable

A cable termination fitting filled with compound and designed to contain an explosion in the enclosure to which it is attached or to minimize passage of flammable gases or vapors from one location to another. An explosionproof conduit seal may also be used in combination with a cable termination fitting as an explosionproof cable seal.

Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards

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Subrope Splicing

Subrope splicing is defined here as the replacement of one subrope for another by any means, such as overlapping, tucking, intertwining, or interbraiding. Subrope splicing should only be done to repair damage during assembly of the rope.

Source: API RP 2SM Design, Manufacture, Installation, and Maintenance of Synthetic Fiber Ropes for Offshore Mooring, Second Edition, July 2014. Global Standards

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Structural Minimum Thickness

Minimum required thickness without corrosion allowance, based on the mechanical loads other than pressure that result in longitudinal stress. See 7.6.

• NOTE: The thickness is either determined from a standard chart or engineering calculations. It does not include thickness for corrosion allowance or mill tolerances.

Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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Soil-to-air interface

An area in which external corrosion may occur or be accelerated on partially buried pipe or buried pipe near where it egresses from the soil.

• NOTE: The zone of the corrosion will vary depending on factors such as moisture, oxygen content of the soil, and operating temperature. The zone generally is considered to be at least 12 in. (305 mm) below to 6 in. (150 mm) above the soil surface. Pipe running parallel with the soil surface that contacts the soil is included.

Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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SAI

Soil-to-air interface.

Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

SAI

An area in which external corrosion may occur or be accelerated on partially buried pipe or buried pipe near where it egresses from the soil.

• NOTE: The zone of the corrosion will vary depending on factors such as moisture, oxygen content of the soil, and operating temperature. The zone generally is considered to be at least 12 in. (305 mm) below to 6 in. (150 mm) above the soil surface. Pipe running parallel with the soil surface that contacts the soil is included.

Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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Small-bore piping

Pipe or pipe components that are less than or equal to NPS 2.

Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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SBP

Small-bore piping. Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards  

SBP

Pipe or pipe components that are less than or equal to NPS 2. Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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Secondary Process Piping

Process piping located downstream of a block valve that can be valved-off without significantly affecting the process unit operability is commonly referred to as secondary process piping. Often, secondary process piping is small-bore piping (SBP). Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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Scanning

The movement of a device (visual, ultrasonic, etc.) over a wide area as opposed to a spot reading and used to find flaws/defects (e.g. the thinnest thickness measurement at a CML or cracking in a weldment). See guidance contained in API 574.

Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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Same or Similar Service

A designation where two or more pressure vessels are installed in parallel, comparable, or identical service and their process and environmental conditions have been consistent over a period of years based on the inspection criteria being assessed such that the damage mechanisms and rates of damage are comparable.

• EXAMPLE: 1 Parallel service: A process or part of a process connected in parallel having comparable configuration with analogous and readily recognized similarities.
• EXAMPLE: 2 Identical service: A designation where there is agreement that the configuration, process and operating regime, metallurgy, and environmental conditions are all the same, such that expected degradation characteristics are expected to be the same.

Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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Scanning Nondestructive Examination

Examination methods designed to find the thinnest spot or all defects in a specified area of a pressure vessel such as profile radiography of nozzles, scanning ultrasonic techniques, and/or other suitable nondestructive examination (NDE) techniques that will reveal the scope and extent of localized corrosion or other deterioration.

Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global Standards

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Surface Back-Pressure

A managed pressure drilling technique used to actively apply a pressure to obtain a target pressure at a selected point in the wellbore during all drilling operations (drilling, connections, tripping, etc.). Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards

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Subsea Service

Descriptive term used to apply to any item intentionally used in a wet condition below the sea water level. Subsea service requires multiple design features for that purpose, depending on each piece of equipment.

Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards

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Subsea Mud Lift

A form of MPD utilizing pumps located on the sea floor to pump the mud and cuttings returns back to the surface. This system may also employ a rotating seal above the BOPs and can create or reduce back-pressure on the wellbore by varying the pump operating speed and RCD configuration.

Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards

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SML

Subsea Mud Lift. Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards  

SML

A form of MPD utilizing pumps located on the sea floor to pump the mud and cuttings returns back to the surface. This system may also employ a rotating seal above the BOPs and can create or reduce back-pressure on the wellbore by varying the pump operating speed and RCD configuration. Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards

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Secondary Barrier

Term used to back-up to the first barrier (i.e., the BOP system, casing, casing cement, and the wellhead collectively referred to as the secondary barrier envelope). Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards

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Sizing Agent

Coating on glass fibres used to promote bonding of glass-reinforcement to resin. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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Slope

Slope of internal pressure over time, on a logarithmic-logarithmic scale, of a static regression curve.

• Note: 1 to entry: The slope, although negative, is published and used as a positive number.

Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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Socket Joint

Rigid type of joint between two components made using an adhesive.

• Note: 1 to entry: An adhesive joint generally consists of a slightly conical (tapered) bell end and a machined (cylindrical or tapered) spigot end.

Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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Spoolpiece

Permanent assembly of pipe and fittings fabricated in the factory or in field (pipe-shop) using laminated or adhesive joints. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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SLT

Standard Laboratory Temperature. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

SLT

Temperature as defined by a recognized standard with standard tolerance.

• EXAMPLE: 23 °C ± 2 °C.

Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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Standard Laboratory Temperature

Temperature as defined by a recognized standard with standard tolerance.

• EXAMPLE: 23 °C ± 2 °C.

Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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SIF

Stress Intensification Factor. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

SIF

Ratio of the actual or effective longitudinal stress in a component or fitting under external load to the nominal stress in that component or fitting as determined based on a straight pipe run with the same MPR_xx as the component fitting. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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Stress Intensification Factor

Ratio of the actual or effective longitudinal stress in a component or fitting under external load to the nominal stress in that component or fitting as determined based on a straight pipe run with the same MPR_xx as the component fitting. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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Sheath

Unreinforced external liner or coating. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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Skidding System

Equipment that can include the skid rails, skid shoe, fwd/aft skidding claws, skidding cylinders, locking claws, skidding hydraulic power unit (HPU), locking and control unit, used for horizontal movement of the DES, covering the well slot area.

• Note: 1 to entry: Alternative rig skidding systems can be used as well.

Source: ISO 18647:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Modular drilling rigs for offshore fixed platforms, First Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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Skid Rail

Structural steelwork that provides smooth flat surfaces for the drilling equipment set to move in an X-Y planes to allow access over all well slots

• Note: 1 to entry: The upper skid rail is the slide skid rail of the upper substructure of the drilling rig; the lower skid rail is that of the lower substructure.

Source: ISO 18647:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Modular drilling rigs for offshore fixed platforms, First Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

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SAT

System acceptance test. Source:  DNVGL-RP-G108, Cyber security in the oil and gas industry based on IEC 62443, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards

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SIEM

Security information and event management. Source:  DNVGL-RP-G108, Cyber security in the oil and gas industry based on IEC 62443, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards