SHI

SHI

Definition(s)

Substance hazard index (SHI)

The substance hazard index (SHI) is an index developed to identify objectively the toxic chemicals or substances that could be involved in a catastrophic release. The index is a simple function of vapor pressure and toxicity: the higher a substance’s vapor pressure, the more readily it will enter the atmosphere in the event of a release. The greater a substance’s toxicity, the lower the concentration required to present a hazard, and the higher its SHI. A more detailed definition, along with an illustrative list of substances and their SHIs, is presented in Appendix C. Source: API RP 750, Management of Process Hazards, First Edition, January 1990. Global Standards  
Shi Ship’s

Shi Ship’s

Definition(s)

Shi Ship’s

Shi Ship’s representative p’s representative is the ship’s master or officer in charge who is responsible for receiving bunkers and documentation. Source: Resolution MEPC.182(59), 2009 Guidelines for the sampling of fuel oil for determination of compliance with the revised MARPOL Annex VI, 17 July 2009, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
SHIDAC

SHIDAC

Definition(s)

SHIDAC

Structured Hazard Identification, Assessment & Control. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines  

SHIDAC

Structured Hazard Identification, Assessment and Control (SHIDAC) Process incorporating the basics of fault-tree and event-tree, implementing measures to control hazards and to recover in case of barrier failure. A key deliverable is the identification or determination of Critical Activities or Tasks that ensure the identified Barriers are established, maintained and effective. The steps are:
  1. Identify the hazards
  2. Assess the potential consequences, their likelihoods and their associated risks
  3. Identify hazard Control Barriers to prevent release, and
  4. Identify Defence Barriers to protect people, assets, environment and reputation in the event of such a hazard release.
Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines
Shift and Crew Change

Shift and Crew Change

Definition(s)

Shift and Crew Change

Shift and crew change means daily shift changes and replacement of personnel at the end of the period of stay on the facility, both for operator and contractor employees. Hazardous exposure and unfortunate loads as mentioned in first subsection, mean exposure and loads that result from ergonomic conditions, chemical influences, radiation, noise, vibrations, climatic conditions and psychosocial conditions. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Activities Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Shift and Crew Change

Shift and crew change means daily shift changes and replacement of personnel at the end of the period of work and stay at the onshore facility, both for operator and contractor employees. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Technical and Operational Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory Guidance
Shift Time

Shift Time

Definition(s)

Shift Time

Period of time elapsed between the arrival of a control signal at the subsea location (the completion of the signal time) and the completion of the control function operation. NOTE Of primary interest is the time to fully stroke, on a subsea tree, a master or wing valve that has been designated as the underwater safety valve. Source: API SPEC 17F, Specification for Subsea Production Control Systems, Second Edition, December 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards
Ship

Ship

Definition(s)

Ship

Ship means a vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, floating craft and fixed or floating platforms. Source: IMO Resolution A.951(23), amendments to the IMO Guidelines on Ship Recycling (resolution A.962(23)), 3 February 2006, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance  

Ship

Ship means any vessel required to comply with the 1974 SOLAS Convention. Source: Source: IMO resolution A.1021(26), Guidelines for ships operating in polar waters, 18 January 2010, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance   

Ship

"Ship" means a vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, floating craft, fixed or floating platforms, floating storage units (FSUs) and floating production storage and off-loading units (FPSOs). Source: Resolution MEPC.195(61), 2010 Guidelines for Survey and Certification of Anti-fouling Systemson Ships, 1 October 2010, International Maritime Organization, Regulatory Guidance Source: Resolution MEPC.207(62), 2011 Guidelines for the control and management of ships' biofouling to minimize the transfer of invasive aquatic species, 15 July 2011, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance  

Ship

“Ship” means a vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the aquatic environment and includes submersibles, floating craft, floating platforms, FSUs and FPSOs. Source: International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004, Legislation  

Ship

"Ship" means any seagoing vessel and seaborne craft, of any type whatsoever. Source: International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001, Legislation  

Ship

"Ship" means a vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, and floating craft of any type. Source: International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation, 1990. Legislation  

Ship

“Ship” means a vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, floating craft, fixed or floating platforms, floating storage units (FSUs) and floating production storage and off-loading units (FPSOs). Source: International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships,2001, Legislation  

Ship

Ship means any kind of vessel that:
  1. is used in navigation by water, however propelled or moved; and
  2. is not, for the time being, a facility or part of a facility.
Note: See also Part 1.4, which deals with the application of State and Northern Territory laws. Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006, Australia, amended 2012. Legislation  

Ship

Ship has the same meaning as in section 2(1) of the Ship Registration Act 1992. Source: Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Public Act 1992 No 96, New Zealand, as of 1 July 2011. Legislation
Ship Constructed

Ship Constructed

Definition(s)

Ship Constructed

Ship constructed means a ship the keel of which is laid or which is at a similar stage of construction. A ship converted to a chemical tanker, irrespective of the date of construction, shall be treated as a chemical tanker constructed on the date on which such conversion commenced. This conversion provision shall not apply to the modification of a ship, which complies with all of the following conditions: 1 the ship is constructed before 1 July 1986; and 2 the ship is certified under the Bulk Chemical Code to carry only those products identified by the Code as substances with pollution hazards only.  <Annex II, Chapter 1, Regulation 1> Source: Resolution MEPC.118(52), amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 (Revised Annex II of MARPOL 73/78), 15 October 2004, International Maritime Organization. Legislation  

Ships Constructed

Ships constructed means ships the keels of which are laid or which are at a similar stage of construction. Source: Resolution MEPC.176(58), amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (Revised MARPOL Annex VI), 10 October 2008, International Maritime Organization. Legislation
Ship in Need of Assistance

Ship in Need of Assistance

Definition(s)

Ship in Need of Assistance

Ship in need of assistance means a ship in a situation, apart from one requiring an operation co-ordinated by a MRCC in accordance with one of the three emergency phases; uncertainty, alert and distress phase, that could give rise to loss of the vessel or an environmental or navigational hazard. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1251, Guidelines on the control of ships in an emergency, 19 October 2007, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance  

Ship in Need of Assistance

Ship in need of assistance means a ship in a situation, apart from one requiring rescue of persons on board, that could give rise to loss of the vessel or an environmental or navigational hazard. Source: IMO Resolution A.949(23), Guidelines on places of refuge for ships in need of assistance, 5 March 2004, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Ship of the Same Type

Ship of the Same Type

Definition(s)

Ship of the Same Type

Ship of the same type means a ship of which hull form (expressed in the lines such as sheer plan and body plan) excluding additional hull features such as fins and of which principal particulars are identical to that of the base ship. Source: Resolution MEPC.214(63), 2012 Guidelines on survey and certification of the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), 2 March 2012, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Ship Recycling

Ship Recycling

Definition(s)

Ship Recycling

Ship Recycling  means all associated operations including, mooring or beaching, dismantling, recovery of materials and reprocessing. Source: IMO Resolution A.951(23), IMO Guidelines on Ship Recycling (resolution A.962(23)), 4 March 2004, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Ship Reporting System

Ship Reporting System

Definition(s)

Ship Reporting System (SRS)

Reporting systems which contribute to safety of life at sea, safety and efficiency of navigation and/or protection of the marine environment. They are established under SOLAS regulation V/11 or for SAR purposes under chapter 5 of the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue, 1979. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1343, amendments to the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual, 24 May 2010, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Ship Security Officer

Ship Security Officer

Definition(s)

Ship Security Officer

Ship security officer means the person on board the ship, accountable to the master, designated by the Company as responsible for the security of the ship including implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan and liaison with the Company security officer and port facility security officers <Chapter I, regulation I/1>. Source: IMO Resolution A.1079(28), Recommendations for the Training and Certification of Personnel on Mobile Offshore Units (MOUs), Adopted on 4 December 2013, International Maritime Organization, Regulatory Guidance Source: IMO Resolution MSC.203(81), amendments to the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), 1978, 18 May 2006, International Maritime Organization. Legislation
Ship Units

Ship Units

Definition(s)

Ship Units

Ship units are self-propelled surface type units of shipshaped single or multiple hull form. Source: Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Mobile Offshore Units, Part 1, Regulations, June 2013, Lloyd’s Register, Global Standards
Ship-Shaped Structure

Ship-Shaped Structure

Definition(s)

Ship-Shaped Structure

Monohull floating structure having a geometry similar to that of ocean-going ships. Source: ISO 19901-7:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Specific requirements for offshore structures – Part 7: Stationkeeping systems for floating offshore structures and mobile offshore units. Global Standards
Shipboard Fittings

Shipboard Fittings

Definition(s)

Shipboard Fittings

Shipboard fittings mean bollards and bitts, fairleads, stand rollers and chocks used for the normal mooring of the ship and similar components used for the normal towing of the ship. Other components such as capstans, winches, etc. are not covered by this guidance. Any weld, bolt or other fastening connecting the shipboard fitting to the supporting hull structure is part of the shipboard fitting and subject to any industry standard applicable to such fitting. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1175, guidance on shipboard towing and mooring equipment, 24 May 2004, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Shipboard Incineration

Shipboard Incineration

Definition(s)

Shipboard Incineration

Shipboard incineration means the incineration of wastes or other matter on board a ship, if such wastes or other matter were generated during the normal operation of that ship. Source: Resolution MEPC.176(58), amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (Revised MARPOL Annex VI), 10 October 2008, International Maritime Organization. Legislation
Shipboard Incinerator

Shipboard Incinerator

Definition(s)

Shipboard Incinerator

Shipboard incinerator means a shipboard facility designed for the primary purpose of incineration. Source: Resolution MEPC.176(58), amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (Revised MARPOL Annex VI), 10 October 2008, International Maritime Organization. Legislation
Shipboard Testing

Shipboard Testing

Definition(s)

Shipboard Testing

Shipboard Testing is a full-scale test of a complete BWMS carried out on board a ship according to Part 2 of the annex to these Guidelines, to confirm that the system meets the standards set by regulation D-2 of the Convention. Source: Resolution MEPC.174(58), revised Guidelines for approval of ballast water management systems (G8), 10 October 2008, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance
Shipowner

Shipowner

Definition(s)

Shipowner

Shipowner means the owner of a seagoing ship, or any other organization or person who or which has assumed responsibility for the operation of such a ship. Source: IMO Resolution A.898(21), Guidelines on shipowners’ responsibilities in respect of maritime claims, 4 February 2000, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance  

Shipowner

Shipowner means the owner of the ship or any other organization or person, such as the manager, agent or bareboat charterer, who has assumed the responsibility for operation of the ship from the shipowner and who on assuming such responsibilities has agreed to take over all the attendant duties and responsibilities Note: Article 1(c) of the Recruitment and Placement of Seafarers Convention 1996 (No.179) and Regulation IX/1.2 of SOLAS 1974 as amended. Source: IMO Resolution A.930(22), Guidelines on Provision of Financial Security in Case of Abandonment of Seafarers, 17 December 2001, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance Source: IMO Resolution A.931(22), Guidelines on Shipowners' Responsibilities in respect of Contractual Claims for Personal Injury to or Death of Seafarers, 17 December 2001, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance  

Shipowner

Shipowner means the person or persons or company registered as the owner of the ship or, in the absence of registration, the person or persons or company owning the ship. However, in the case of a ship owned by a State and operated by a company which in that State is registered as the ship’s operator, “owner” shall mean such company. This term also includes those who have ownership of the ship for a limited period pending its sale to a recycling facility. Source: IMO Resolution A.951(23), IMO Guidelines on Ship Recycling (resolution A.962(23)), 4 March 2004, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance  

Shipowner

"Shipowner" means the owner, including the registered owner, bareboat charterer, manager and operator of the ship. Source: International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001. Legislation
Shipping Pumps

Shipping Pumps

Definition(s)

Shipping Pumps

Typically centrifugal in design, used to transport drilling fluids to the suction tank and produced fluids to the storage facility. Mostly activated manually, but some float activated pumps are in use. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Shoe

Shoe

Definition(s)

Shoe

See Detector Shoe. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards
Shoe Track

Shoe Track

Definition(s)

Shoe track

The space inside the casing between the float/guide shoe and the landing/float collar. NOTE This space provides a volume that helps prevent over displacement of the primary cement job; thus, the shoe track is typically filled with cement or a cement-mud combination due to wiper plug mud film displacement. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Shorebase

Shorebase

Definition(s)

Shorebase

The place an employee reports to before being transported to the offshore facility.

Source:API RP T-1, Creating Orientation Programs for Personnel Going Offshore, Fifth Edition, November 2016. Global Standards
Short International Voyage

Short International Voyage

Definition(s)

Short International Voyage

Short international voyage is an international voyage in the course of which a ship is not more than 200 miles from a port or place in which the passengers and crew could be placed in safety. Neither the distance between the last port of call in the country in which the voyage begins and the final port of destination nor the return voyage shall exceed 600 miles. The final port of destination is the last port of call in the scheduled voyage at which the ship commences its return voyage to the country in which the voyage began. <Chapter III, Part A, regulation 3>. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.47(66), adoption of amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, 4 June 1996, International Maritime Organization. Legislation
Short Term Exposure Limit

Short Term Exposure Limit

Definition(s)

Short term exposure limit (STEL)

A 15-minute TWA exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during a workday. Source: API RP 49, Recommended Practice for Drilling and Well Servicing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide, Third Edition, May 2001. Global Standards  
Short-term Distribution

Short-term Distribution

Definition(s)

Short-term Distribution

probability distribution of a variable within a short interval of time during which conditions are assumed to be statistically constant NOTE The interval chosen is most often the duration of a sea state. Source: API RP 2MET, Derivation of Metocean Design and Operating Conditions, First Edition, November 2014. Global Standards
Shortfall of Petroleum Deliveries in the Province

Shortfall of Petroleum Deliveries in the Province

Definition(s)

Shortfall of Petroleum Deliveries in the Province

In this section, “shortfall of petroleum deliveries in the Province” means deliveries of petroleum that are inadequate to supply, on commercial terms,
  1. the end use consumption demands of all consumers in the Province;
  2. feedstock requirements of industrial facilities that are in place in the Province on January 31, 1986; and
  3. the feedstock requirements of any refining facility located in the Province that was not in place on January 31, 1986 where the feedstock requirements required to satisfy the demand of industrial capacity, as of January 31, 1986, in the Provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland have been met.
Source: Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Resources Accord Implementation Act, S.C. 1988, c. 28, Canada, current to May 26, 2013. Legislation
Shotpoint

Shotpoint

Definition(s)

Shotpoint

“Shotpoint” means the surface location of a seismic energy source; point de tir. Source: Canada Oil and Gas Geophysical Operations Regulations, SOR/96-117, Canada, current to April 29, 2013. Regulations Source: Nova Scotia Offshore Area Petroleum Geophysical Operations Regulations, SOR/95-144, Canada, current to May 31, 2012. Regulations
Should

Should

Definition(s)

Should

For the purposes of this publication, the term should denotes a RP a) where a safe comparable alternative practice is available; b) that may be impractical under certain circumstances; or c) that may be unnecessary under certain circumstances or applications. This word indicates that the rule is a recommendation, the advisability of which depends on the facts in each situation. Sources: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  

Should

As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification. Sources: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards Sources: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards  

Should

“Should” is used to state that a provision is not mandatory, but is recommended as good practice. Sources: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Should

Denotes a “recommended practice(s)”
  1. Where a safe comparable alternative practice(s) is available;
  2. That may be impractical under certain circumstances; or
  3. That may be unnecessary under certain circumstances.
Sources: API RP 49, Recommended Practice for Drilling and Well Servicing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide, Third Edition, May 2001. Global Standards  

Should

Denotes a recommended practice:
  1. Where a safe comparable alternative practice is available;
  2. That may be impractical under certain circumstances: or
  3. That may be unnecessary for personnel safety under certain circumstances.
Sources: API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations, Third Edition, August 1999 (2007). Global Standards  

Should

Denotes a recommended practice(s) a) where a safe comparable alternative practice(s) is available; b) that may be impractical under certain circumstances; or c) that may be unnecessary under certain circumstances or applications. Sources: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global Standards  

Should

As used in a standards, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification. Sources: API RP 67, Recommended Practice for Oilfield Explosives Safety, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, May 2007. Global Standards  

Should

For the purpose of this document, should denotes a recommended practice(s)
  1. Where a safe comparable alternative practice(s) is available;
  2. That may be impractical under certain circumstances; or
  3. That may be unnecessary for personnel safety under certain circumstances.
Sources: API RP 74, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Onshore Oil and Gas Production Operation, First Edition, October 2001 (March 2007). Global Standards  

Should

The term “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the recommended practice. Sources: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Should

SHOULD is used to indicate that a provision is not mandatory, but RECOMMENDED as good practice. Sources: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards Sources: API SPEC 5DP, Specification for Drill Pipe, First Edition, August 2009. Global Standards  

Should

As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification. Sources: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards Sources: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards Sources: API SPEC 17D, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—Subsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition May 2011 (Errata September 2011). Global Standards  

Should

Should: As used in a standard, "should" denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification. Sources: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards Sources: API SPEC 10A, Specification for Cements and Materials for Well Cementing, Twenty-fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards Sources: API SPEC 11D1, Packers and Bridge Plugs, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2009. Global Standards Sources: API SPEC 13A, Specification for Drilling Fluids Materials, Eighteenth Edition, February 2010. Global Standards Sources: API SPEC 17E, Specification for Subsea Umbilicals, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, October 2010. Global Standards  

Should

Refers to a recommended method which provides an example of how an operator can meet an expectation, but does not prevent an operator from selecting alternative best practices. Source: Incident Reporting and Investigation Guidelines, The Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board and Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, November 30, 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Should

Indicates a recommendation that a certain course of action is preferred or particularly suitable. Alternative courses of action are allowable under the standard where agreed between contracting parties but shall be justified and documented. Sources: Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C101, Design of Offshore Steel Structures, General (LRFD Method, Det Norske Veritas, April 2011. Global Standards  

Should

"Should" means recommended. Sources: State of Wyoming Occupational Safety and Health Rules and Regulations for Oil and Gas Well Drilling, Revised January 8, 2013. Regulations  

Should

“Should”, means the authorities' recommended way of fulfilling the functional requirement. Alternative solutions with documented corresponding functionality and quality can be used without having to present this to the authorities. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Framework Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Should

Verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred, but not necessarily required. Source: NORSOK D-002, Well intervention equipment, Rev. 2, June 2013. Global Standards  

Should

Should is a recommendation. Alternative solutions having the same functionality and quality are acceptable. Source: NORSOK D-007, Well Testing Systems, Rev. 1, January 1996. Global Standards   

Should

Indicates a preferred course of action or recommended practice to be adopted. Source: Approved Code of Practice for Managing Hazards to Prevent Major Industrial Accidents, Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Department of Labour, New Zealand, July 1994. Regulatory Guidance  

Should

verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required . Source: Rules for Classification and Construction, IV Industrial Services, 6 Offshore Technology, 9 Guideline for Personnel Transfers by Means of Lifting Appliances, Edition 2011, Germanischer Lloyd SE, Global Standards  

Should

Indicates that among several possibilities, one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required. Other possibilities may be applied subject to agreement. Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global Standards
Shunt

Shunt

Definition(s)

Shunt

A short conductor that is electrically connected to the tank floating roof and contacts the tank shell.

Source: API RP 545 Recommended Practice for Lightning Protection of Aboveground Storage Tanks for Flammable or Combustible Liquids, First Edition, October 2009. Global Standards