Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
Severe Slugging
Definition(s)
Severe or riser slugging
At the ultimate lowpoint (i.e. the riser base), terrain slugging can often be so dramatic that it is also known as severe or riser slugging. Severe slugging occurs when liquid accumulates at the riser base for an extended period of time under certain flow conditions, particularly if there is a downward slope in the line at the riser base and the flowrate is low. Severe slugging is a significant problem particularly in deepwater production systems, and hence has received an enormous amount of attention, both from an analytical viewpoint and also with respect to proposed solutions. Source: API RP 17A, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—General Requirements and Recommendations, Fourth Edition, Reaffirmed 2011. Global StandardsSevere Storm Conditions
Definition(s)
Severe Storm Conditions
severe storm conditions means conditions wherein a unit may be subjected to the most severe environmental loadings for which the unit is designed. Drilling operations are assumed to have been discontinued due to the severity of the environmental loadings, the unit may be either afloat or supported on the sea-bed, as applicable. Source: IMO resolution MSC.267(85), International Code on Intact Stability, 2008 (2008 IS Code), 4 December 2008, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance Source: IMO Resolution MSC.267(85), adoption of the International Code on Intact Stability, 2008 (2008 IS Code), 4 December 2008, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceSF
Definition(s)
SF
Special end finishing. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global StandardsSF
Safety factor. Source: API SPEC 17E, Specification for Subsea Umbilicals, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, October 2010. Global StandardsSFPE
Definition(s)
SFPE
Society of Fire Protection Engineers. Source: API RP 2FB, Recommended Practice for the Design of Offshore Facilities Against Fire and Blast Loading, First Edition, April 2006. Global StandardsSG
Definition(s)
SG
Specific gravity. Source: NORSOK D-001, Drilling facilities, Rev. 3, December 2012. Global StandardsSGS
Definition(s)
SGS
Static gel strength. Source: API STD 65 – Part 2, Isolating Potential Flow Zones During Well Construction, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, December 2010. Global StandardsShale Shake
Definition(s)
Shale Shake
“Shale shaker” means a vibrating sieve used to remove cuttings from the circulating fluid. Source: Oil and Gas Drilling and Servicing Operations, Michigan Administrative Code R 408, February 8, 2013. RegulationsShale Shaker
Definition(s)
Shale Shaker
Mechanical device that separates cuttings and large solids from a drilling fluid. NOTE The separation methods can include vibrating screens, rotating cylindrical screens, etc. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global StandardsShale Shaker
A vibrating screen that removes relatively large size cuttings from the drilling fluid returns. Source: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global Standards Source: API RP 64, Recommended Practice for Diverter Systems Equipment and Operations, Second Edition, November 2001 (March 1, 2007). Global StandardsShall
Definition(s)
Shall
For the purposes of this publication, the term shall indicates that the RP has universal applicability to that specific activity. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global StandardsShall
As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Source: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global StandardsShall
Within this document, “shall” is used to state that a provision is mandatory. Source: API RP 17L2, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global StandardsShall
Indicates the “recommended practice(s)” has universal applicability to that specific activity. Source: API RP 49, Recommended Practice for Drilling and Well Servicing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide, Third Edition, May 2001. Global StandardsShall
Denotes that the recommended practice has universal application to that specific activity. Source: API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations, Third Edition, August 1999 (2007). Global StandardsShall
For the purpose of this document, shall indicates that the recommended practice(s) has universal application to that specific activity. Source: API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations, Third Edition, August 1999 (2007). Global Standards Source: API RP 74, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Onshore Oil and Gas Production Operation, First Edition, October 2001 (March 2007). Global StandardsShall
Indicates that the recommended practice(s) has universal applicability to that specific activity. Source: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global StandardsShall
As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Source: API RP 67, Recommended Practice for Oilfield Explosives Safety, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, May 2007. Global StandardsShall
The term “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the recommended practice. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global StandardsShall
SHALL is used to indicate that a provision is MANDATORY. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 5DP, Specification for Drill Pipe, First Edition, August 2009. Global StandardsShall
As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17E, Specification for Subsea Umbilicals, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, October 2010. Global StandardsShall
Shall: As used in a standard, "shall" denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 8C, Drilling and Production Hoisting Equipment (PSL 1 and PSL 2), Fifth Edition, April 2012. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 10A, Specification for Cements and Materials for Well Cementing, Twenty-fourth Edition, December 2010. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 11D1, Packers and Bridge Plugs, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2009. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 13A, Specification for Drilling Fluids Materials, Eighteenth Edition, February 2010. Global StandardsShall
Indicates a mandatory requirement to be followed for fulfilment or compliance with the present standard. Deviations are not permitted unless formally and rigorously justified, and accepted by all relevant contracting parties. Source: Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C101, Design of Offshore Steel Structures, General (LRFD Method, Det Norske Veritas, April 2011. Global StandardsShall
"Shall" means mandatory. Source: State of Wyoming Occupational Safety and Health Rules and Regulations for Oil and Gas Well Drilling, Revised January 8, 2013. RegulationsShall
The term shall is also used in the guidelines regarding the regulations. In this context, shall means a direct rendering of a statutory or regulatory requirement. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Framework Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory GuidanceShall
Verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this NORSOK standard and from which no deviation is permitted, unless accepted by all involved parties. Source: NORSOK D-002, Well intervention equipment, Rev. 2, June 2013. Global StandardsShall
Shall is an absolute requirement which shall be followed strictly in order to conform with the standard. Source: NORSOK D-007, Well Testing Systems, Rev. 1, January 1996. Global StandardsShall
Indicates a mandatory requirement to comply with the HSE Act or regulations made under the HSE Act. Source: Approved Code of Practice for Managing Hazards to Prevent Major Industrial Accidents, Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Department of Labour, New Zealand, July 1994. Regulatory GuidanceShall
verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this guideline and from which no deviation is permitted, unless accepted by all involved parties Source: Approved Code of Practice for Managing Hazards to Prevent Major Industrial Accidents, Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Department of Labour, New Zealand, July 1994. Regulatory GuidanceShall
Indicates requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this OSS and from which no deviation is permitted. Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global StandardsShallow Gas
Definition(s)
Shallow Gas
Gas pockets or entrapped gas below impermeable layers at shallow depth. Source: ISO 19905-1:202, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Site-specific assessment of mobile offshore units – Part 1: Jack-ups. Global StandardsShallow Intermediate Liner
Definition(s)
Shallow intermediate liner
Large diameter casing normally run as a liner and hung in a profile in the surface casing (18 in. can be called “surface extension” by regulators). Normal clearance casing OD in.: N/A. Tight clearance casing OD in.: 18 and/or 16. NOTE These are examples only. Each well can have variations in number of casing strings and sizes. Naming conventions can vary. The heavy-wall surface casing designs may allow 13 5/8 in. to be run as a liner and not tied back. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global StandardsShallow Pool
Definition(s)
Shallow Pool
“Shallow pool” means a pool that has a depth range from zero to 5000 feet. Source: Oil and Gas, New Mexico Administrative Code Title 19, Chapter 15, January 2013. RegulationsShare
Definition(s)
Share
“Share” means, with respect to an interest, an undivided share in the interest or a share in the interest held in accordance with section 69; fraction. Source: Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Resources Accord Implementation Act, S.C. 1988, c. 28, Canada, current to May 26, 2013. LegislationShare
“Share” means, with respect to an interest, an undivided share in the interest or a share in the interest held in accordance with section 23; fraction. Source: Canada Petroleum Resources Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. 36 (2nd Supp.), current to April 29, 2013. LegislationShared
Definition(s)
Shared
An element or system that may be used for more than one purpose. Source: API SPEC 16D, Specification for Control Systems for Drilling Well Control Equipment and Control Systems for Diverter Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2004. Global StandardsSharing and Implementation of Lessons Learned
Definition(s)
Sharing and Implementation of Lessons Learned
The process of standardizing a well control event investigation, gathering and distributing lessons learned to the industry, and then implementing the lessons learned within the industry in a systematic way that enables results to be shared with others without legal risk. Sharing and implementation of lessons learned includes:- Clearing legal and other barriers to an organizations’ sharing of lessons learned
- Defining a format for lessons learned to be shared
- Creating a means of collecting and sharing lessons learned: the database, who owns it, what information is made available, how the information is shared and with whom
SHE
Definition(s)
SHE
Safety, Health, Environment. Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global StandardsShear Device
Definition(s)
Shear Device
Component designed to part under a predetermined load.
Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global Standards