Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
Material Release Threshold Quantity
Definition(s)
Material release threshold quantity
The weight of gas, liquid, or solid material released from an LOPC which, if exceeded, results in the event being recordable as either Tier 1 or Tier 2 PSE. The threshold quantities are described more fully in API/ANSI standard 754 (see Reference 6) and follow the UNDG classification system. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLost Work Day Case
Definition(s)
Lost work day case (LWDC)
An occupational injury or illness, other than a fatal injury, which results in a person being unfit for work on any day after the day of occurrence of the occupational injury. ‘Any day’ includes rest days, weekend days, leave days, public holidays or days after ceasing employment. A LWDC is a recordable event. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLWDC
Definition(s)
LWDC
Lost day work case. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLost work day case (LWDC)
An occupational injury or illness, other than a fatal injury, which results in a person being unfit for work on any day after the day of occurrence of the occupational injury. ‘Any day’ includes rest days, weekend days, leave days, public holidays or days after ceasing employment. A LWDC is a recordable event. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLost Time Injury Frequency
Definition(s)
Lost time injury frequency (LTIF)
The number of lost time injuries (fatalities + lost work day cases) per 1,000,000 work hours. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsBack-up Post
Definition(s)
Back-up Post
A post, column or stanchion to which a back-up line is secured. Source: Petroleum Safety Orders--Drilling and Production, Definitions, California Code of Regulations, 8 CCR § 6505, December 2012. Regulations
LTIF
Definition(s)
LTIF
Lost time injury frequency. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLost time injury frequency (LTIF)
The number of lost time injuries (fatalities + lost work day cases) per 1,000,000 work hours. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLost Time Injury
Definition(s)
Lost time injury (LTI)
A fatality or lost work day case. The number of LTIs is the sum of fatalities and lost work day cases. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsBack-up Line
Definition(s)
Back-up Line
A length of wire rope used for holding the leverage arm or handle of a tong to prevent tong rotation. Source: Petroleum Safety Orders--Drilling and Production, Definitions, California Code of Regulations, 8 CCR § 6505, December 2012. Regulations
Auto Ignition Temperature
Definition(s)
Auto Ignition Temperature
The minimum temperature to which a flammable or gas mixture in air must be heated in order to initiate self-sustained combustion. Source: Petroleum Safety Orders--Drilling and Production, Definitions, California Code of Regulations, 8 CCR § 6505, December 2012. Regulations
LTI
Definition(s)
LTI
Lost time injury. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLost time injury (LTI)
A fatality or lost work day case. The number of LTIs is the sum of fatalities and lost work day cases. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLoss of Primary Containment
Definition(s)
Loss of Primary Containment (LOPC)
An unplanned or uncontrolled release of any material from primary containment, including non-toxic and non-flammable materials (e.g. steam, hot condensate, nitrogen, compressed CO2 or compressed air). For drilling operations, any unplanned or uncontrolled release to the surface (seabed or ground level) should be included. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLoss of primary containment (LOPC)
An unplanned or uncontrolled release of any material from primary containment, including non-toxic and non-flammable materials (e.g. steam, hot condensate, nitrogen, compressed CO2 or compressed air). For drilling operations, any unplanned or uncontrolled release to the surface (seabed or ground level) should be included. LOPC is a type of event. An unplanned or uncontrolled release is an LOPC irrespective of whether the material is released into the environment , or into secondary containment, or into other primary containment not intended to contain the material released under normal operating conditions). Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLOPC
Definition(s)
LOPC
Loss of primary containment. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLoss of Primary Containment (LOPC)
An unplanned or uncontrolled release of any material from primary containment, including non-toxic and non-flammable materials (e.g. steam, hot condensate, nitrogen, compressed CO2 or compressed air). For drilling operations, any unplanned or uncontrolled release to the surface (seabed or ground level) should be included. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsLoss of primary containment (LOPC)
An unplanned or uncontrolled release of any material from primary containment, including non-toxic and non-flammable materials (e.g. steam, hot condensate, nitrogen, compressed CO2 or compressed air). For drilling operations, any unplanned or uncontrolled release to the surface (seabed or ground level) should be included. LOPC is a type of event. An unplanned or uncontrolled release is an LOPC irrespective of whether the material is released into the environment , or into secondary containment, or into other primary containment not intended to contain the material released under normal operating conditions). Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsIPIECA
Definition(s)
IPIECA
Global oil and gas industry association for environmental and social issues. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global StandardsIPIECA
International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsHours Worked
Definition(s)
Hours worked
The actual ‘hours worked’, including overtime hours, are recorded in the case of onshore operations. The hours worked by an individual will generally be about 2,000 per year. For offshore workers, the ‘hours worked’ are calculated on a 12-hour work day. Consequently average hours worked per year will vary from 1,600 to 2,300 hours per person depending upon the on/off shift ratio. Vacations and leaves are excluded. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsHospital Admission
Definition(s)https://www.iadclexicon.org/wp-admin/post.php?post=13047&action=edit
Hospital admission
Formal acceptance by a hospital or other inpatient health care facility of a patient who is to be provided with room, board, and medical service in an area of the hospital or facility where patients generally reside at least overnight. Treatment in the hospital emergency room or an overnight stay in the emergency rom would not by itself qualify as a ‘hospital admission’. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsHIRA
Definition(s)
HIRA
Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsHigh Potential Event
Definition(s)
High potential event
Any event (incident or near miss) that could have resulted in one or more fatalities but had the potential to do so in other circumstances. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsFirst Aid
Definition(s)
First aid
A consequence of an event that required medical attention, often consisting of one-time short-term treatment and requiring little technology or training to administer. First aid can include cleaning minor cuts, scrapes, or scratches; treating a minor burn; applying bandages and dressings; the use of non-prescription medicine; draining blisters; removing debris from the eyes; massage; and drinking fluids to relieve heat stress. A full list of 14 first aid treatments is provided by OGP in Reference 18. First aid cases are not classified as recordable incidents for the purpose of reporting to OGP but may be used by companies as a criterion for reporting of events as Tier 3 KPIs. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsFirst aid
The definition in OFAR of ‘first-aid’ is wide, particularly in including the treatment of minor illnesses. This definition is important in understanding the scope of duty holders’ responsibilities which go beyond first aid. Source: Health Care and First Aid on Offshore Installations and Pipeline Works, Offshore Installations and Pipeline Works (First-Aid) Regulations 1989, Approved Code of Practice and Guidance (UK HSE L123), Second Edition, 2000. Regulatory GuidanceFirst aid
“First aid” means- in cases where a person will need help from a medical practitioner or nurse, treatment for the purpose of preserving life and minimising the consequences of injury and illness until the appropriate help is obtained; and
- treatment of minor injuries or illnesses which would otherwise receive no treatment or which do not need treatment by a medical practitioner or nurse (in this sub-paragraph “treatment” includes redressing and other follow-up treatment).
E&P
Definition(s)
E&P
Exploration and production. Source: Deepwater Well Control Guidelines. IADC Guidelines Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global Standards Source: NOGEPA Industrial Guideline No. 16, Working with Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM), Netherlands, Version 1, January 2009. Global StandardsDrilling
Definition(s)
Drilling
All exploration, appraisal and production drilling and workover as well as their administrative, engineering, construction, materials supply and transportation aspects. It includes site preparation, rigging up and down and restoration of the drilling site upon work completion. Drilling includes all exploration, appraisal and production drilling. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsDrilling
Includes redrilling and means digging a hole in earth formation with a power-driven drill bit for the purpose of exploring for or developing of oil or gas. Drilling includes those operations that are concerned with the completion of a well. Source: Petroleum Safety Orders--Drilling and Production, Definitions, California Code of Regulations, 8 CCR § 6505, December 2012. RegulationsDirect Cost
Definition(s)
Direct cost
Cost of repairs or replacement, cleanup, material disposal, environmental remediation and emergency response. Direct cost does not include indirect costs, such as business opportunity, business interruption and feedstock/product losses, loss of profits due to equipment outages, costs of obtaining or operating temporary facilities, or costs of obtaining replacement products to meet customer demand. Direct cost does not include the cost of the failed component leading to LOPC, if the component is not further damaged by the fire or explosion. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsDestructive Device
Definition(s)
Destructive device
A flare, scrubber, incinerator, quench drum, or other similar device used to mitigate the potential consequences or a PRD release. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsContractor Employee
Definition(s)
Contractor employee
Any person employed by a Contractor or Contractor’s Sub-Contractor(s) who is directly involved in execution of prescribed work under a contract with the reporting Company. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsConstruction
Definition(s)
Construction
Major construction, fabrication activities and also disassembly, removal and disposal (decommissioning) at the end of the facility life. Includes construction of process plant, yard construction of structure, offshore installation, hook-up and commissioning, and removal of redundant process facilities. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsConstruction
All activities during purchase, manufacturing, assembly, and erection at the manufacturers site. until the lifting appliance is ready factory acceptance test. Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global StandardsCompany Employee
Definition(s)
Company employee
Any person employed by and on the payroll of the reporting Company, including corporate and management personnel specifically involved in exploration and production. Persons employed under short-service contracts are included as Company employees provided they are paid directly by the Company. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsCCPS
Definition(s)
CCPS
Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) .
Source: API RP 781 Security Plan Methodology for the Oil and Natural Gas Industries.1st Ed. September 2016. Global StandardsCCPS
Center for Chemical Process Safety. Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global Standards Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsAcute Release
Definition(s)
Acute release
Tier 1 and 2 both apply the concept of an acute release to differentiate a PSE from other LOPCs which occur over a prolonged period (such as fugitive emissions) and are unlikely to constitute a major incident risk of a fire or explosion. An acute release of material is defined as LOPC which exceeds the reporting threshold for a Tier 1 or Tier 2 PSE within any period of one hour during the event. Acute releases include but are not limited to equipment and piping failures due to corrosion, overpressure, damage from mobile equipment, sabotage, etc. For example: valves being left open; tanks being overfilled; flare or relief systems not operating as intended; process upsets or errors that result in process materials entering other process containment systems with no provisions or design considerations; corrosion of a pipe or a gasket failure where the release over an hour exceeds thresholds. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsA.S.T.M.
Definition(s)
A.S.T.M.
American Society for Testing Materials. Source: Petroleum Safety Orders--Drilling and Production, Definitions, California Code of Regulations, 8 CCR § 6505, December 2012. Regulations
A.S.M.E.
Definition(s)
A.S.M.E.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Source: Petroleum Safety Orders--Drilling and Production, Definitions, California Code of Regulations, 8 CCR § 6505, December 2012. Regulations