Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
Fracture Mechanics Assessment
Definition(s)
Fracture Mechanics Assessment
Assessment and analysis where critical defect sizes under design loads are identified to determine the crack growth life, i.e. leak or fracture. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsFractile
Definition(s)
Fractile
p-fractile (or percentile) and the corresponding fractile value Xp is defined as F(Xp) = p, where F is the distribution function for Xp. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsFluid
Definition(s)
Fluid
substance that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure- Note 1 to entry: A fluid can be either a gas or a liquid.
Fluid
Gases, liquids and vapour in pure phases as well as mixtures thereof. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsFluid
"Fluid" means any material or substance that flows or moves, whether in a semi-solid, liquid, sludge, gaseous, or other form or state. Source: Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Definitions, Alaska Admin. Code tit. 20, § 25.990, December 7, 2012. RegulationsFluid
“Fluid” means gas, liquid or a combination of the two fluide. Source: Canada Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Regulations, SOR/2009-315, February 2013. Regulations Source: Drilling and Production Guidelines, The Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board and Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, March 31, 2011. Regulatory Guidance Source: Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Drilling and Production Regulations, SOR/2009-317, Canada, current to May 31, 2012. RegulationsFluids
Fluids mean liquids and gases. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Facilities Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory GuidanceFloating Vessel
Definition(s)
Floating Vessel
Installation which is floating and positioned relative to the sea bottom by station-keeping systems such as catenary mooring systems, vertical tendons, and dynamic positioning systems based on thrusters. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global StandardsFloating Vessel
Buoyant installation that is floating and positioned relative to the sea bottom by station keeping systems. NOTE The following types of station-keeping systems are normally considered: catenary mooring systems and dynamic positioning systems based on thrusters. Combination of station-keeping systems can be considered. EXAMPLE Semi- submersible drilling vessels and drill ships. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsFinite Element Analysis (FEA)
Definition(s)
Finite Element Analysis
Numerical method for analyzing dynamic and static response, by dividing the structure into small continuous elements with the given material properties.- NOTE: The analysis can be local or global.
Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis
Definition(s)
Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis
Analysis of crack growth from assumed initial defect size under the action of cyclic loading. NOTE Used to determine fabrication inspection requirements and in-service inspection plans. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsFatigue Analysis
Definition(s)
Fatigue Analysis
Conventional stress-life fatigue analysis using material S-N curves and specified fatigue design factors. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsFalse Rotary
Definition(s)
False Rotary
Component that sits on the drilling rotary and provides a slip profile for single, dual or triple tubing strings. NOTE This allows the workover control system umbilical to feed into the drilling riser without interfering with the slips. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsFabricator
Definition(s)
Fabricator
Individual or organization that takes the responsibility for the fabrication of C/WO riser systems conforming with the requirements of this part of ISO 13628. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsEnvironmental Seal
Definition(s)
Environmental Seal
Outermost pressure-containing seal at a connector interface. NOTE This seal normally separates a pressurized medium from the surrounding environment. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsEmergency Shutdown
Definition(s)
Emergency Shut-down
Shut down of the facility under emergency conditions during which the internal pressure in a production riser can increase above the normal operating pressure. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsEmergency Shutdown
Controlled sequence of events that ensures that the well is secured against accidental release of hydrocarbons into the environment, i.e. closing of barrier elements. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsEmergency Shutdown (ESD)
Control actions undertaken to shut down equipment or processes in response to a hazardous situation. Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global StandardsEmergency Quick-Disconnect
Definition(s)
Emergency Quick-Disconnect
Automatic activation of an emergency shutdown followed by an automatic disconnect of the riser. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsAccepted Well Operations Management Plan
Definition(s)
Accepted well operations management plan
Accepted well operations management plan means a well operations management plan that has been accepted by NOPSEMA or responsible Commonwealth Minister under regulation 5.07, as varied from time to time under regulation 5.13. Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Resource Management and Administration) Regulations 2011 (Select Legislative Instrument 2011 No. 54 as amended), Australia, prepared on 1 January 2012. RegulationsAccepted Field Development Plan
Definition(s)
Accepted field development plan
Accepted field development plan means a field development plan that has been accepted by the Joint Authority under regulation 4.05, as varied from time to time under regulation 4.10. Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Resource Management and Administration) Regulations 2011 (Select Legislative Instrument 2011 No. 54 as amended), Australia, prepared on 1 January 2012. RegulationsDrive-Off
Definition(s)
Drive-Off
The maximum uplift force during spudcan extraction
Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsDrive-Off
Unintended movement of a dynamically positioned vessel off location driven by the vessel's main propulsion or station-keeping thrusters. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDrive-Off
An unintended lateral move of a dynamically positioned vessel off its location driven by the vessel’s main propulsion or station keeping thrusters. Source: API SPEC 16D, Specification for Control Systems for Drilling Well Control Equipment and Control Systems for Diverter Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2004. Global StandardsDrive-Off
Unintended move of a dynamically positioned vessel off location driven by the vessel's main propulsion or stationkeeping thrusters. Source: ISO 13624-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Drilling and production equipment – Part 1:Design and operation of marine drilling riser equipment. Global StandardsDrilling Riser
Definition(s)
Drilling Riser
System used with floating drilling vessel for guiding the drill string and circulating fluids between the drilling vessel and the seafloor. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global StandardsDrilling Riser
System used with floating drilling vessel for guiding the drill string and circulating fluids between the drilling vessel and the subsea BOP. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDrill Pipe Riser
Definition(s)
Drill Pipe Riser
Single string of drill pipe with an attached hydraulic control umbilical and annulus umbilical. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsMeter
Definition(s)
Meter
Minimum diameter that allows for the passage of the drift. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsMeter
Device that measurers the amount of fluid entering and leaving a line or vessel system. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsMeter
"Meter" means an instrument for measuring and indicating or recording the volumes of gases or liquids. Source: Corporation Commission, Oil and Gas Conservation, Oklahoma Administrative Code 165:10, February 2013. RegulationsDesigner
Definition(s)
Designer
Party which carries out all or part of the design for a project or facility. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global StandardsDesigner
Individual or organization that takes the responsibility for the design of C/WO riser systems conforming with requirements of this part of ISO 13628. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDesign Material Strength
Definition(s)
Design Material Strength
Stress used for structural strength calculation. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDesign Load
Definition(s)
Design Load
Combination of load effects. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDesign Load
Sum of the static and dynamic loads that would induce the maximum allowable stress in the equipment. Source: API SPEC 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment Upstream Segment, Fifth Edition, June 2010 (August 2010). Global Standards Source:API SPECIFICATION 7K, Drilling and Well Servicing Equipment, Sixth Edition, December 2015. Global StandardsDesign Load
Sum of static and dynamic loads that would induce the maximum allowable stress in an item. Source: API SPEC 8C, Drilling and Production Hoisting Equipment (PSL 1 and PSL 2), Fifth Edition, April 2012. Global StandardsDesign Loads/Actions
Design loads/actions as mentioned in the fourth subsection, includes functional, environmental and accidental loads/actions, including fire and explosion loads/actions. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Facilities Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory GuidanceDesign Load/Action
Characteristic load/action multiplied by load/action coefficients. Source: Regulations relating to design and outfitting of facilities, etc. in the petroleum activities (the Facilities Regulations), Norway, April 2010 (amended December 2012). RegulationsDesign Load
Characteristic load multiplied by load coefficients. Source: Regulations Relating to Technical and Operational Matters at Onshore Facilities in the Petroleum Activities, etc. (The Technical and Operational Regulations) Norway, April 2010 (amended December 2010). RegulationsDesign Load
“Design load” means characteristic load multiplied by load coefficients. Source: Petroleum and Natural Gas (Safety in Offshore Operations) Rules, 2008, India, 18th June 2008. RegulationsDesign Life
Definition(s)
Design Life
Period for which subsea equipment can be used for its intended purpose with anticipated maintenance, but without substantial repair or replacement being necessary, including storage and working periods.- NOTE: The design life includes the entire period from start of manufacture to termination of the subsea equipment.
Design Life
Time period for which a riser is to be used for its intended purpose, including storage and working periods with anticipated maintenance, but without substantial repair or replacement being necessary.- NOTE: The design life includes the entire period from start of manufacturer to condemnation of the riser system or part of the system.
Design Life
The planned time period from initial installation or reuse until permanent decommissioning, which may include extensions justified through the SIM process. Source: API RP 2SIM, Structural Integrity Management of Fixed Offshore Structures, First Edition, November 2014. Global StandardsDesign Life
Period for which a riser can be used for its intended purpose with anticipated maintenance but without substantial repair or replacement being necessary including storage and working periods. NOTE The design life includes the entire period from start of manufacture to condemnation of the C/WO riser system or part of the system. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDesign Life
Service life multiplied by an appropriate factor that is equal to, or greater than, one. Source: API SPEC 17E, Specification for Subsea Umbilicals, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, October 2010. Global StandardsDesign Life
Specified operational life of system after pre-delivery test. Source: API SPEC 17F, Specification for Subsea Production Control Systems, Second Edition, December 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDesign Life
Planned usage time for the total system. NOTE Design life should not be confused with MTTF (3.1.25), which is comprised of several items that may be allowed to fail within the design life of the system as long as repair or replacement is feasible. Source: ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Production assurance and reliability management. Global StandardsDesign Criteria
Definition(s)
Design Criteria
Quantitative formulations that describe the conditions that shall be fulfilled for each failure mode. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global StandardsDesign Criteria
Quantitative formulations which describe each failure mode the conditions shall fulfill. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDesign Criteria
Quantitative formulations that describe the conditions to be fulfilled for each limit state. [ISO 19900:2002]. Source: ISO 19901-7:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Specific requirements for offshore structures – Part 7: Stationkeeping systems for floating offshore structures and mobile offshore units. Global Standards Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global StandardsDesign Criteria
design criteria criteria applied for verification of systems, equipment, structures etc. for the planned marine operation. Source: Rules for Classification and Construction, IV Industrial Services, 6 Offshore Technology, 9 Guideline for Personnel Transfers by Means of Lifting Appliances, Edition 2011, Germanischer Lloyd SE, Global StandardsDesign Check
Definition(s)
Design Check
Assessment of a component for a load case by means of an application rule. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsDesign Basis
Definition(s)
Design Basis
Set of project specific design data and functional requirements which are not specified or are left open in the general standard. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global StandardsDesign Basis
Set of project-specific design data and functional requirements that are not specified or are left open in the general standard. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsCrack Tip Opening Displacement
Definition(s)
Crack Tip Opening Displacement
Measure of crack severity which can be compared against a critical value at the onset of failure. Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global StandardsCrack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD)
Measure of crack severity that can be compared against a critical value at the onset of crack propagation. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsCorrosion Allowance
Definition(s)
Corrosion Allowance
Additional material thickness available to allow for metal loss during the service life of the vessel component.
Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global StandardsCorrosion Allowance
Material thickness in excess of the minimum required thickness to allow for metal loss (e.g. corrosion or erosion) during the service life of the piping component.- NOTE: Corrosion allowance is not used in design strength calculations.