Continuous Circulation Method

Continuous Circulation Method

Definition(s)

Continuous Circulation Method

An MPD technique used to maintain flow down the drill pipe while making a connection, thereby maintaining equivalent circulating density (ECD) and thus keeping a constant pressure profile in well annulus to prevent an influx of formation fluids or potential hole collapse due to instability.

Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards
CCM

CCM

Definition(s)

CCM

Continuous Circulation Method. Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards  

CCM

An MPD technique used to maintain flow down the drill pipe while making a connection, thereby maintaining equivalent circulating density (ECD) and thus keeping a constant pressure profile in well annulus to prevent an influx of formation fluids or potential hole collapse due to instability. Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards
Closed Circulation System

Closed Circulation System

Definition(s)

Closed Circulation System

A drilling fluid system flow path which is not open to the atmosphere.

Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards
Circulation System

Circulation System

Definition(s)

Circulation System

The complete flow path that the drilling fluid travels from the mud pits to the mud pump intake, down the drill pipe, exiting through the jets of the drill bit, and back up the annular spaces until it returns to the surface for processing and return to the mud pits.

Source: ABS Guide for Classification and Certification of Managed Pressure Drilling Systems, September 2017. Global Standards
Saddle

Saddle

Definition(s)

Saddle

Length of an arc of GRP material adhesively bonded to the outside of the pipe. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Sizing Agent

Sizing Agent

Definition(s)

Sizing Agent

Coating on glass fibres used to promote bonding of glass-reinforcement to resin. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Slope

Slope

Definition(s)

Slope

Slope of internal pressure over time, on a logarithmic-logarithmic scale, of a static regression curve.
  • Note: 1 to entry: The slope, although negative, is published and used as a positive number.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Socket Joint

Socket Joint

Definition(s)

Socket Joint

Rigid type of joint between two components made using an adhesive.
  • Note: 1 to entry: An adhesive joint generally consists of a slightly conical (tapered) bell end and a machined (cylindrical or tapered) spigot end.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Spoolpiece

Spoolpiece

Definition(s)

Spoolpiece

Permanent assembly of pipe and fittings fabricated in the factory or in field (pipe-shop) using laminated or adhesive joints. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
SLT

SLT

Definition(s)

SLT

Standard Laboratory Temperature. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

SLT

Temperature as defined by a recognized standard with standard tolerance.
  • EXAMPLE: 23 °C ± 2 °C.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Standard Laboratory Temperature

Standard Laboratory Temperature

Definition(s)

Standard Laboratory Temperature

Temperature as defined by a recognized standard with standard tolerance.
  • EXAMPLE: 23 °C ± 2 °C.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
SIF

SIF

Definition(s)

SIF

Stress Intensification Factor. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

SIF

Ratio of the actual or effective longitudinal stress in a component or fitting under external load to the nominal stress in that component or fitting as determined based on a straight pipe run with the same MPRxx as the component fitting. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Stress Intensification Factor

Stress Intensification Factor

Definition(s)

Stress Intensification Factor

Ratio of the actual or effective longitudinal stress in a component or fitting under external load to the nominal stress in that component or fitting as determined based on a straight pipe run with the same MPRxx as the component fitting. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Tdes

Tdes

Definition(s)

Tdes

For each design condition, maximum fluid temperature that can be reached during service. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Tg

Tg

Definition(s)

Tg

Glass Transition Temperature. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

Tg

Temperature at which the amorphous portion of the polymer undergoes a marked change in properties on passing from the rubbery to glassy state
  • Note: 1 to entry: This observed change in properties is associated with the virtual cessation of local molecular motion in the polymer. Below their glass-transition temperature, amorphous polymers have many of the properties associated with ordinary inorganic glasses, while above this temperature the polymers possess rubbery characteristics.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Thermoset

Thermoset

Definition(s)

Thermoset

Plastic which, when cured by application of heat and/or chemical reaction, changes into a substantially infusible and insoluble material.
  • Note: 1 to entry: Unlike in thermoplastics, the curing process in thermosets creates a chemical bond that prevents the material from being remelted.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Thermosetting Resin

Thermosetting Resin

Definition(s)

Thermosetting Resin

Polymer-based liquid that becomes solid upon curing.
  • Note: 1 to entry: Curing is achieved, typically during fabrication, using chemicals, heat and/or radiation.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Threshold Envelope

Threshold Envelope

Definition(s)

Threshold Envelope

Envelope that defines the short-term stress levels to avoid incremental damage to the pipe composite laminate.
  • Note: 1 to entry: The threshold envelope is set equal to the long-term envelope at 65 °C (for GRE) or 21 °C (for GRUP and GRVE). As the threshold envelopes are set at fixed temperatures, there is no temperature subscript for the threshold envelope. These definitions of threshold envelope are to the best of present knowledge. However, the manufacturer remains responsible and can declare a more conservative threshold envelope.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Tow

Tow

Definition(s)

Tow

Mass of a fibrous bundle expressed per unit length.
  • Note: 1 to entry: A higher tow tex indicates a heavier roving. Tow tex is inversely proportional to yield. Consequently, a lower yield indicates a heavier roving. Tow tex is typically expressed as grams per kilometer. Yield is typically expressed as yards per pound. Tow tex = 496 054,6/yield.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Tow Tex

Tow Tex

Definition(s)

Tow Tex

Mass of a fibrous bundle expressed per unit length
  • Note: 1 to entry: A higher tow tex indicates a heavier roving. Tow tex is inversely proportional to yield. Consequently, a lower yield indicates a heavier roving. Tow tex is typically expressed as grams per kilometer. Yield is typically expressed as yards per pound. Tow tex = 496 054,6/yield.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Tribocharging

Tribocharging

Definition(s)

Tribocharging

Generation of electrostatic charge caused by moving contact of one insulating material over another. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
UV Radiation

UV Radiation

Definition(s)

UV Radiation

Ultraviolet Radiation. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards  

UV Radiation

Electromagnetic radiation in the frequency band just above the visible spectrum. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Ultraviolet Radiation

Ultraviolet Radiation

Definition(s)

Ultraviolet Radiation

Electromagnetic radiation in the frequency band just above the visible spectrum. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Unsaturated Polyester

Unsaturated Polyester

Definition(s)

Unsaturated Polyester

Class of thermosetting resin formed by the condensation reaction between difunctional acids and glycols.
  • Note: 1 to entry: Cure is accomplished, as with vinyl esters, by copolymerization with other vinyl monomers such as styrene.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Untwisted Fibrous Bundle

Untwisted Fibrous Bundle

Definition(s)

Untwisted Fibrous Bundle

Mass of a fibrous bundle expressed per unit length.
  • Note: 1 to entry: A higher tow tex indicates a heavier roving. Tow tex is inversely proportional to yield. Consequently, a lower yield indicates a heavier roving. Tow tex is typically expressed as grams per kilometer. Yield is typically expressed as yards per pound. Tow tex = 496 054,6/yield.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Vinyl Ester

Vinyl Ester

Definition(s)

Vinyl Ester

Class of thermosetting resin containing esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acids, many of which have been made from epoxy resin.
  • Note: 1 to entry: Cure is accomplished, as with unsaturated polyesters, by copolymerization with other vinyl monomers such as styrene.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Winding Angle

Winding Angle

Definition(s)

Winding Angle

Shock load or high-pressure surge caused by sudden halting of flow in a pipeline or piping system. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
WR

WR

Definition(s)

WR

Woven Roving. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards  

WR

Cloth reinforcement structure in which fibre bundle tows are woven together in a single plane to provide reinforcement which is usually orientated to provide strength in the orthogonal 0° and 90° directions. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Woven Roving

Woven Roving

Definition(s)

Woven Roving

Cloth reinforcement structure in which fibre bundle tows are woven together in a single plane to provide reinforcement which is usually orientated to provide strength in the orthogonal 0° and 90° directions. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards
Sheath

Sheath

Definition(s)

Sheath

Unreinforced external liner or coating. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards