Area, Enclosed

Area, Enclosed

Definition(s)


Area, enclosed (room, building, or space)

A three-dimensional space enclosed by more than two-thirds of the possible projected plane surface area and of sufficient size to allow personnel entry. For a typical building, this would require that more than two-thirds of the walls, ceiling, and/or floor be present (see API 500). Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 14F, Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class 1, Division 1 and Division 2 Locations, Fifth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards

Enclosed areas

Enclosed areas (e.g., buildings, living quarters, or doghouses) are defined as those areas confined on more than four of their six possible sides by walls, floors, or ceilings more restrictive to air flow than grating or fixed open louvers and of sufficient size to allow entry of personnel. A classified area is any area classified Class I, Group D, Division 1 or 2, following the guidelines of API RP 500 (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198), or any area classified Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, or Zone 2, following the guidelines of API RP 505 (as incorporated by reference in § 205.198). Source: Oil and Gas and Sulphur Operations in the Outer Continental Shelf, 30 CFR 250 (2013). Regulations
Area, Safe

Area, Safe

Definition(s)


Area, safe

See location, nonhazardous (unclassified). Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 14F, Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class 1, Division 1 and Division 2 Locations, Fifth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards
Arm

Arm

Definition(s)


Arm

To enable the operation of a critical function or functions. Source: API SPEC 16D, Specification for Control Systems for Drilling Well Control Equipment and Control Systems for Diverter Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2004. Global Standards
Armed Explosive Device

Armed Explosive Device

Definition(s)


Armed Explosive Device

A loaded explosive device to which the detonator or initiating device has been secured mechanically and/or electromechanically and is ready for use. Source: API RP 67, Recommended Practice for Oilfield Explosives Safety, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, May 2007. Global Standards
Arming

Arming

Definition(s)


Arming

The process of mechanically and/or electromechanically attaching a detonator or initiating device to a loaded explosive device. Source: API RP 67, Recommended Practice for Oilfield Explosives Safety, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, May 2007. Global Standards
Aromatics

Aromatics

Definition(s)


Aromatics

Ring group chemical structure. Most common are benzene, toluene, and xylene. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards
Arrhenius Plot

Arrhenius Plot

Definition(s)


Arrhenius Plot

Log-linear scale used to plot service life against the inverse of temperature for some polymer materials. Source: API RP 17B, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe, Fourth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards  
Articulated Line

Articulated Line

Definition(s)


Articulated Line

An articulated line is a choke or kill line assembled as a unit, with rigid pipe, swivel joints, and end connections, designed to accommodate specified relative movement between end terminations. Source: API STD 53, Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, November 2012. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards  
Artificial Discontinuity

Artificial Discontinuity

Definition(s)


Artificial Discontinuity

See Reference Indicator. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global Standards  
AS

AS

Definition(s)


AS

Autonomous System. Source: ISO/IEC 27032:2015, Information technology — Security techniques — Guidelines for cybersecurity, First Edition, July 2012. Global Standards

AS

Australian Standard. Source: API SPEC 17F, Specification for Subsea Production Control Systems, Second Edition, December 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards Source: NOPSEMA Guidance Note: Control Measures and Performance Standards, N-04300 GN0271, Australia, Revision 3, December 2011. Regulatory Guidance  

As

Spudcan laterally projected embedded area.

Source: ABS Guidance Notes on Geotechnical Performance of Spudcan Foundations, January 2017. Global Standards
As Low as Reasonably Practicable (ALARP)

As Low as Reasonably Practicable (ALARP)

Definition(s)


As Low As Reasonably Practicable

Implementation of risk-reducing measures until the cost (including time, capital costs or other resources/assets) of further risk reduction is disproportional to the potential risk reducing effect achieved by implementing any additional measure.

Note 1 to entry: See UK HSE.

Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries - Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards

ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable)

A process for assessing the amount of effort and resources that should reasonably be applied to reduce risk.  Reducing a risk to a level which is ALARP involves objectively determining the balance where the effort and cost of further reduction measures become disproportionate to the additional amount of risk reduction obtained. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines  

As low as reasonably practicable (ALARP)

A phrase used in the Regulations and the Act. The concept has been elaborated in various legal judgements. (There is voluminous relevant guidance available from Australia and elsewhere, e.g. the UK HSE.) (The related phrase “reasonably practicable” is used frequently in the Act.)The legal definition of “reasonably practicable” was set out in England by Lord Justice Asquith in Edwards v National Coal Board [1949] who said: “‘Reasonably practicable’ is a narrower term than ‘physically possible’ and seems to me to imply that a computation must be made by the owner, in which the quantum of risk is placed on one scale and the sacrifice involved in the measures necessary for averting the risk (whether in money, time or trouble) is placed in the other; and that if it be shown that there is a gross disproportion between them — the risk being insignificant in relation to the sacrifice — the defendants discharge the onus on them. Moreover, this computation falls to be made by the owner at a point of time anterior to the accident.” This English decision has since been confirmed by the Australian High Court Source: NOPSEMA Guideline – Glossary – Regulatory Operations, N-09000-GL0326, Australia, Revision 5, December 2011. Regulatory Guidance  

As low as reasonably practicable (ALARP)

To reduce a risk to a level which is ‘as low as reasonably practicable’ involves balancing reduction in risk against the time, trouble, difficulty and cost of achieving it. This level represents the point, objectively assessed, at which the time, trouble, difficulty and cost of further reduction measures become unreasonably disproportionate to the additional risk reduction obtained. Source: OGP Report No. 6.36/210, Guidelines for the Development and Application of Health, Safety and Environmental Management Systems, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, July 1994. Global Standards
As-installed Length

As-installed Length

Definition(s)


As-installed Length

After installation, the total length of the synthetic mooring line (at zero load) is the as-purchased length plus the installation stretch. Source: API RP 2SM Design, Manufacture, Installation, and Maintenance of Synthetic Fiber Ropes for Offshore Mooring, Second Edition, July 2014. Global Standards Source: API RP 2SM, Design, Manufacture, Installation, and Maintenance of Synthetic Fiber Ropes for Offshore Mooring, First Edition, July 2014Global Standards
As-purchased Length

As-purchased Length

Definition(s)


As-purchased Length

The length of the rope (at specified minimal load) when it leaves the factory.

Source: API RP 2SM Design, Manufacture, Installation, and Maintenance of Synthetic Fiber Ropes for Offshore Mooring, Second Edition, July 2014. Global Standards

Source: API RP 2SM Design, Manufacture, Installation, and Maintenance of Synthetic Fiber Ropes for Offshore Mooring, Second Edition, July 2014. Global Standards
As-Shipped Condition

As-Shipped Condition

Definition(s)


As-Shipped Condition

Condition of the product or equipment when it is ready for shipment. Source: API SPEC 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment, Twentieth Edition, October 2010 (Addendum November 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards
ASCC

ASCC

Definition(s)


ASCC

Alkaline stress corrosion cracking Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global Standards
ASCE

ASCE

Definition(s)


ASCE

American Society of Civil Engineers. Source: API RP 2FB, Recommended Practice for the Design of Offshore Facilities Against Fire and Blast Loading, First Edition, April 2006. Global Standards
ASCSSV

ASCSSV

Definition(s)


ASCSSV

Annulus Surface Controlled Sub-Surface Safety Valve - see also ASV. Source: NORSOK D-010, Well integrity in drilling and well operations, Rev. 3, August 2004. Global Standards Source: 117 OLF, Norwegian Oil and Gas Association recommended guidelines for Well Integrity, No. 117, Revision No. 4, June 2011. Global Standards  
ASCV

ASCV

Definition(s)


ASCV

Annulus Safety Surface Controlled Valve. Source: 117 OLF, Norwegian Oil and Gas Association recommended guidelines for Well Integrity, No. 117, Revision No. 4, June 2011. Global Standards  
ASD

ASD

Definition(s)


ASD

Adjustable Speed Drive. Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards  

ASD

A device that is used to control the speed of an AC motor by varying the frequency of the voltage supplied to it. These are also known as variable frequency drives, adjustable frequency drives and other, similar, names. Source: API Recommended Practice 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations, Second Edition, May 2013. Global Standards
ASHRAE

ASHRAE

Definition(s)


ASHRAE

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards Source: API RP 14F, Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class 1, Division 1 and Division 2 Locations, Fifth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards
ASME

ASME

Definition(s)


ASME

American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards Source: API RP 14F, Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class 1, Division 1 and Division 2 Locations, Fifth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards Source: API RP 64, Recommended Practice for Diverter Systems Equipment and Operations, Second Edition, November 2001 (March 1, 2007). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17D, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—Subsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition May 2011 (Errata September 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17F, Specification for Subsea Production Control Systems, Second Edition, December 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global Standards Source: Canada Oil and Gas Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, SOR/87-612, February 2013. Regulations Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global Standards Source: Oil and Gas Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, SOR/87-612, Canada, current to April 29, 2013. Regulations  

ASME

"ASME" means American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Source: State of Wyoming Occupational Safety and Health Rules and Regulations for Oil and Gas Well Drilling, Revised January 8, 2013. Regulations
ASME Code

ASME Code

Definition(s)


ASME code

Refers to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code including its addenda and code cases. Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-Service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration Downstream Segment, Ninth Edition, June 2006. Global Standards
ASNT

ASNT

Definition(s)


ASNT

American Society for Nondestructive Testing. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global Standards
Aspect

Aspect

Definition(s)


Aspect

Identified part of an organisation's activities, products or services that can interact with the environment, and with the potential to result in an impact. Aspect is a commonly used term in relation to environmental risk and a defined term within the ISO 14000 series of standards. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global Standards
Asphaltenes

Asphaltenes

Definition(s)


Asphaltenes

Asphaltenes are organic solids which appear similar to paraffin waxes and in the field can be difficult to distinguish visually from waxes. However, they are very different in chemistry and should be treated using approaches different from those used for waxes. While there is still much debate as to the exact nature of asphaltenes, one common definition is that asphaltenes are the fraction of the crude which is insoluble in light normal alkanes but soluble in aromatic solvents. Their actual make-up depends on the conditions at which they precipitate out of solution. Source: API RP 17A, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—General Requirements and Recommendations, Fourth Edition, Reaffirmed 2011. Global Standards
Aspirated Apparatus

Aspirated Apparatus

Definition(s)


Aspirated Apparatus (types of instruments)

Apparatus that samples the gas by drawing it to the gas sensor – for example, by means of a hand-operated or electric pump. Source: IEC 60079-29-1, Explosive atmospheres – Part 29-1: Gas detectors – Performance requirements of detectors for flammable gases. Global Standards  
Assembly

Assembly

Definition(s)


Assembly

Designed and fabricated group of bulk and equipment items that form one unit. [ISO 19901-5:2003, 3.1.1]. Source: API RP 2MOP, Marine Operations, Upstream Segment, First Edition, July 2010. Global Standards  

Assembly

Product made up of more than one component.

Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global Standards  

Assembly

Product comprised of more than one component. Source: API SPEC 11D1, Packers and Bridge Plugs, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2009. Global Standards

 

Assessment

Assessment

Definition(s)


Assessment

In this Part, “assessment” includes reassessment. Source:  Canada Petroleum Resources Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. 36 (2nd Supp.), current to April 29, 2013. Legislation  

Assessment

An evaluation or audit of an activity or asset to determine whether performance objectives have been achieved or OMS expectations correctly implemented. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global Standards

Assessment

Process undertaken by an accreditation body to assess the competence of a CAB, based on particular standard(s) and/or other normative documents and for a defined scope of accreditation. NOTE Assessing the competence of a CAB involves assessing the competence of the entire operations of the CAB, including the competence of the personnel, the validity of the conformity assessment methodology and the validity of the conformity assessment results. Source: ISO/IEC 17011:2004, Conformity assessment – General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies. Global Standards  

Assessment

Site-specific assessment. Evaluation of the stability and structural integrity of a jack-up and, where applicable, its seabed restraint or support against the actions determined in accordance with the requirements of this part of ISO 19905. NOTE An assessment can be limited to an evaluation of the components or member. Source: ISO 19905-1:202, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Site-specific assessment of mobile offshore units – Part 1: Jack-ups. Global Standards  

Assessment

Site-specific assessment. Evaluation of the stability and structural integrity of a jack-up and, where applicable, its seabed restraint or support against the actions determined in accordance with the requirements of this part of ISO 19905. NOTE An assessment can be limited to an evaluation of the components or members of the structure which, when removed or damaged, could cause failure of the whole structure, or a significant part of it. Source: ISO 19905-1:202, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Site-specific assessment of mobile offshore units – Part 1: Jack-ups. Global Standards  

Assessment

Assessment is the process described in the regulation. The process of assessment should involve the following steps: identifying fire and explosion major accident hazards, and major accident hazards with the potential to require evacuation, escape or rescue; identifying the likelihood of them occurring and their consequences; identifying the measures needed to meet the requirements of these Regulations, in respect of major accident hazards from fire and explosion, and major accident hazards requiring evacuation, escape and rescue; identifying performance standards for those measures to protect persons from fire and explosion and to ensure effective evacuation, escape and rescue. Source: Prevention of Fire and Explosion, and Emergency Response on Offshore Installations, Offshore Installations (Prevention of Fire and Explosion, and Emergency Response) Regulations 1995, Approved Code of Practice and guidance (UK HSE L65), Second Edition, 1997. Regulatory Guidance  

Assessment

Process that evaluates a person’s fulfilment of the requirements of the certification scheme [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.8]. Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards  

Assessment

A formal examination, conforming to a relevant regulatory process, to determine if a submitted document meets the relevant tests in the listed OHS laws. Source: NOPSEMA Guideline – Glossary – Regulatory Operations, N-09000-GL0326, Australia, Revision 5, December 2011. Regulatory Guidance  

Assessment

The initial comprehensive review of the fabrication yard’s quality systems, prior to the granting of approval, to establish that all the requirements of these Rules have been met. Source: Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Mobile Offshore Units, Part 4, Steel Unit Structures, June 2013, Lloyd’s Register, Global Standards  

Assessment

An act of assessing, appraising or evaluating a condition of a product, process or system assigning class originally signified designation of one of several classes to a vessel based on its condition, ranging from good to bad. Today only the highest class is assigned, comprising the main class, 1A, and an obligatory additional class notation, e.g. Drilling Unit, where applicable. Voluntary additional class notations may also be assigned covering special service, equipment or systems, e.g. DRILL denoting a classed drilling plant. Source: Rules for Classification – Offshore units, DNVGL-OU-0101, Offshore drilling and support units, DNV GL, July 2015. Global Standard  

Assessment

An assessment shall consist of— (a) the identification of the various events which could give rise to—
  1. a major accident involving fire or explosion; or
  2. the need (whether or not by reason of fire or explosion) for evacuation, escape or rescue to avoid or minimise a major accident;
(b) the evaluation of the likelihood and consequences of such events; (c) the establishment of appropriate standards of performance to be attained by anything provided by measures for—
  1. ensuring effective evacuation, escape, recovery and rescue to avoid or minimise a major accident; and
  2. otherwise protecting persons from a major accident involving fire or explosion; and
(d) the selection of appropriate measures. Source: The Offshore Installations (Prevention of Fire and Explosion, and Emergency Response) Regulations 1995, S.I. 1995/743, 1995. Regulations
Assessment Codes

Assessment Codes

Definition(s)


Assessment Codes

Codes used in this document to describe the type and extent of assessment during risk based Verification. TABLE B1 Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global Standards
Assessment Initiators

Assessment Initiators

Definition(s)


Assessment Initiators

Changes in platform condition or operating experience, such as storms, which require an existing platform to undergo an assessment to demonstrate fitness-for-purpose. Source: API RP 2SIM, Structural Integrity Management of Fixed Offshore Structures, First Edition, November 2014. Global Standards