Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
PDCA
Definition(s)
PDCA
Plan-Do-Check-Act. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global StandardsPdes
Definition(s)
Pdes
Purchaser nominated maximum pressure to which a piping system is designed to operate at the nominated design temperature (Tdes) and for the nominated design life (Ldes).- Note: 1 to entry: Pdes is typically considered as a sustained pressure, though an additional Pdes occasional can also be nominated. Pdeswill be selected based on the maximum operating pressure plus a purchaser selected uplift a) to accommodate pressure uncertainty, b) to avoid triggering of pressure safety devices, c) to match the rating of attached piping or equipment and d) to provide a design margin for other purposes.
Definition(s)
PE
Definition(s)
PE
Polyethylene. Source: API RP 14F, Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class 1, Division 1 and Division 2 Locations, Fifth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards Source: API RP 17B, Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe, Fourth Edition, July 2008. Global Standards Source: ISO 21457:2010, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems, First Edition,September 2010. Global StandardsPE
Unthreaded pipe either upset or non-upset. Source: API SPEC 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, Upstream Segment, Ninth Edition, July 2011 (Errata September 2012). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17J, Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe, Third Edition, July 2008. Global StandardsPeak Shaving
Definition(s)
Peak Shaving
- technique used to shift a portion of an electrical load at a peak time of day to a non-peak time;
- technique used to meet peek demands using alternate gas supplies such as storage, LNG or propane air.
Peak Stress
Definition(s)
Peak Stress
Part of stress, which is additive to the respective primary and secondary stresses, to form the total stress. NOTE Peak stresses do not cause any noticeable distortion and are only important to fatigue and brittle fracture in conjunction with primary and secondary stresses. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsPeak Stress
A peak stress is a highly localized stress that exists at a discontinuity in the load path. An example of a peak stress is the high localized stress at the root of a thread in a bolt. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global StandardsPEC
Definition(s)
PEC
Pulsed eddy current. Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global StandardsPED
Definition(s)
PED
Pressure Equipment Directive. Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global StandardsPedestal
Definition(s)
Pedestal (also known as Base)
The supporting substructure upon which the revolving upper-structure is mounted. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global StandardsPEL
Definition(s)
PEL
Permissible exposure limit. Source: API RP 49, Recommended Practice for Drilling and Well Servicing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide, Third Edition, May 2001. Global Standards Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global StandardsPEL
Exposure limit that is published and enforced by OSHA as a legal standard (see 29 CFR 1910.1000, Subpart Z), expressed as 8-hour TWAs, ceiling values, and STELs. Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global StandardsPen Test
Definition(s)
Pen Test
A colloquial term for penetration test or penetration testing. Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global StandardsPen Test
An evaluation methodology whereby assessors search for vulnerabilities and attempt to circumvent the security features of a network and/or information system. Adapted from: NCSD Glossary, CNSSI 4009, NIST SP 800-53 Rev 4 Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global StandardsPendant Line
Definition(s)
Pendant Line
A standing (not running) rope of specified length with fixed end connections. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global StandardsPendant Line (also known as Guy Rope)
A non-operating standing rope of specified length with fixed end connections. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Sixth Edition, May 2007. Global StandardsPenetration
Definition(s)
Penetration
Successful unauthorized access to a protected system resource. Source: DNVGL-RP-G108, Cyber security in the oil and gas industry based on IEC 62443, DNV GL, September 2017. Global StandardsPenetration
An unauthorized act of bypassing the security mechanisms of a network or information system. Adapted from: CNSSI 4009 Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global StandardsPenetration Testing
Definition(s)
Penetration Testing
A colloquial term for penetration test or penetration testing. Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global StandardsPenetration Testing
An evaluation methodology whereby assessors search for vulnerabilities and attempt to circumvent the security features of a network and/or information system. Adapted from: NCSD Glossary, CNSSI 4009, NIST SP 800-53 Rev 4. Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global StandardsPercussion Detonator
Definition(s)
Percussion Detonator
A detonator designed to be initiated by mechanical impact. Source: API RP 67, Recommended Practice for Oilfield Explosives Safety, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, May 2007. Global StandardsPerfect Thread Length
Definition(s)
Perfect Thread Length
Design length from the end of pipe or coupling to a specified location. Source: API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe, Reaffirmed August 2010. Global StandardsPerforating
Definition(s)
Perforating
Making holes in pipe, cement, or formation at desired depths usually performed with an explosive device utilizing bullets or shaped charges. Source: API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations, Third Edition, August 1999 (2007). Global StandardsPerforating
“Perforating” means the act of making holes in pipe, cement, or formation at desired depths. [Mich. Admin. Code R 408 (2013)]. Source: Oil and Gas Drilling and Servicing Operations, Michigan Administrative Code R 408, February 8, 2013. RegulationsPerforating Equipment and Accessories
Definition(s)
Perforating Equipment and Accessories
Devices used to create holes in the casing to connect the formation to the casing ID and accessories such as circulating subs, tubing releases, shock absorbers, Y block assemblies, blast joints, gun hanger systems, and swivel subs.
Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global StandardsPerforation Drilling
Definition(s)
Perforation Drilling
A technique performed to perforate the stiff layer with drill holes and remove the soil as one of the mitigation methods to reduce the punch-through failure.
Source: ABS Guidance Notes on Geotechnical Performance of Spudcan Foundations, January 2017. Global StandardsPerformance
Definition(s)
Performance
Performance as mentioned in the fourth subsection, can include capacity, reliability, accessibility, efficiency, ability to withstand loads, integrity and robustness. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Management Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory GuidancePerformance
Measurable result.- Note 1 to entry: Performance can relate either to quantitative or qualitative findings.
- Note 2 to entry: Performance can relate to the management of activities, processes, products (including services), systems or organizations.
Performance
Within the context of the OMS, the effectiveness of accomplishing activities measured against communicated policies, standards, objectives and expectations. Performance may be assessed quantitatively (e.g. using KPis) or qualitatively, based on the informed judgement of others, such as managers, leaders, members of the workforce or stakeholders. Performance assessment may be applied at different levels of the organisation, including individuals or teams, or assets or the entire company. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global StandardsPerformance Criteria
Definition(s)
Performance Criteria
The criteria for which an existing platform should meet to be considered fit-for-purpose. Source: API RP 2SIM, Structural Integrity Management of Fixed Offshore Structures, First Edition, November 2014. Global StandardsPerformance criteria
Performance criteria describe the measurable standards set by company management to which an activity or system element is to perform. (Some companies may refer to performance criteria as ‘goals’ or ‘targets’.) Source: OGP Report No. 6.36/210, Guidelines for the Development and Application of Health, Safety and Environmental Management Systems, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, July 1994. Global StandardsPerformance criteria
The Guidelines describe the elements of the HSEMS model and their interrelationships. These—or similar—elements are described by some regulators and companies as ‘performance standards’. This term should not, however, be confused with ‘performance criteria’, which are lower-level specifications for the performance of operations. Source: OGP Report No. 6.36/210, Guidelines for the Development and Application of Health, Safety and Environmental Management Systems, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, July 1994. Global StandardsPerformance Criteria
Performance criteria are measurable quantities to be used to evaluate the adequacy of trial designs. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1212, Guidelines on alternative design and arrangements for SOLAS chapters II-1 and III, 15 December 2006, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidancePerformance Envelope
Definition(s)
Performance Envelope
Graph that illustrates the combined effects of differential pressure and axial loads on a packer or bridge plug at the rated temperature. Source: API SPEC 11D1, Packers and Bridge Plugs, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2009. Global StandardsPerformance Objectives
Definition(s)
Performance Objectives
Indicative level for the desired performance. NOTE Objectives are expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms. Objectives are not absolute requirements and may be modified based on cost or technical constraints. Source: ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Production assurance and reliability management. Global StandardsPerformance Requirement Level
Definition(s)
Performance Requirement Level
Designation determined by the extent of testing successfully performed in accordance with minimum performance criteria identified by this specification. Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsPerformance Requirements
Definition(s)
Performance Requirements
Required minimum level for the performance of a system. NOTE Requirements are normally quantitative but may also be qualitative. Source: ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Production assurance and reliability management. Global StandardsPerformance Standard
Definition(s)
Performance standard
Defined limit placed on characteristics of materials, products or services. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global StandardsPerformance standard
Statement, which can be expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms, of the performance required of a system or item of equipment in order for it to satisfactorily fulfil its purpose. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global StandardsPerformance standard
Measureable statement, expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms, of the performance required of a system, item of equipment, person or procedure, and that is relied upon as a basis for managing a hazard- Note 1 to entry: Hardware performance standards address the functionality, reliability, survivability and interdependency of barriers under emergency conditions.