S

Definition(s)

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Spurious Failure

failure triggering an action in an untimely manner Note 1 to entry: Critical safe failures (see Figure B.1) are the typical spurious failures related to safety systems. Note 2 to entry: A spurious failure does not necessarily imply a spurious trip (3.4.14) but a spurious trip is always the result of a spurious failure.   Source: ISO/TR 12489:2013(E) Reliability modelling and calculation of safety systems. Global Standards

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Safe Failure

failure of a safety system which tends to favour a given safety action Note 1 to entry: The concept of safe failure is illustrated in Figure B.1. Note 2 to entry: A failure is safe only with regard to a given safety function. This is a systemic failure in relationship with a given safety action performed by the safety system. This concept is irrelevant for an individual item on the shelves. Note 3 to entry: The non-critical safe failures basically increase the probability of success of the safety function. The critical safe failures initiate the related safety actions when this is not needed (see spurious failures).   Source: ISO/TR 12489:2013(E) Reliability modelling and calculation of safety systems. Global Standards

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Steady State Availability Asymptotic Availability

3.1.17 Source: ISO/TR 12489:2013(E) Reliability modelling and calculation of safety systems. Global Standards

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Safety Function

Functions that are related to overload protection i.e. break-away system (see [6.7]), automatic/manual protection systems (see [6.8] and [6.9]), protection against movements outside operational limitations - i.e. limit switches, physical stops (see [6.10.2]), protections against dangerous gangway movements i.e. emergency stop function (see [6.10.3]). Source: Offshore Gangways, DNVGL-ST-0358, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards

Safety Function

3.1.6

function which is intended to achieve or maintain a safe state, in respect of a specific hazardous event Note 1 to entry: This term deviates from the definition in IEC 61508–4 to reflect differences in process sector terminology. Source: ISO/TR 12489:2013(E). Global Standards

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Safe State

state of the process when safety is achieved Note 1 to entry: Some states are safer than others (see Figures B.1, B.2 and B.3) and in going from a potentially hazardous condition to the final safe state, or in going from the nominal safe condition to a potentially hazardous condition, the process may have to go through a number of intermediate safe-states. Note 2 to entry: For some situations, a safe state exists only so long as the process is continuously controlled. Such continuous control may be for a short or an indefinite period of time. Note 3 to entry: A state which is safe with regard to a given safety function may increase the probability of hazardous event with regard to another given safety function. In this case, the maximum allowable spurious trip rate (see 10.3) for the first function should consider the potential increased risk associated with the other function.      

Source: ISO/TR 12489:2013(E). Global Standards    

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Safety Integrity

ability of a safety instrumented system to perform the required safety instrumented functions as and when required Note 1 to entry: This definition is equivalent to the dependability of the SIS (Safety Instrumented System) with regard to the required safety instrumented function. Dependability, being often understood as an economical rather a safety concept, has not been used to avoid confusion. Note 2 to entry: The term “integrity” is used to point out that a SIS aims to protect the integrity of the operators as well as of the process and its related equipment from hazardous events. Source: ISO/TR 12489:2013(E), Global Standards  

Safety Integrity

The attribute of an information system when it performs its intended function in an unimpaired manner, free from deliberate or inadvertent unauthorized manipulation of the system. From: CNSSI 4009. Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global Standards

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Self-evaluation

process by which an evaluation is self-administered by a candidate for the purpose of providing feedback. Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

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Self-assessment

process by which an evaluation is self-administered by a candidate for the purpose of providing feedback. Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

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Self-declaration

statement by a candidate that he/she fulfils specific requirements. Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

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Score Report

document that provides information about the performance of a candidate in an examination Note 1 to entry: See also diagnostic score report. Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

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Scope of Certification Scheme

extent and boundaries of a certification scheme Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

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Scope of Certification

range and nature of specific tasks that a certified person is expected to be able to perform competently, by virtue of holding a specific certification that is within a certification scheme Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

Definition(s)

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Scheme Owner

organization responsible for developing and maintaining a certification scheme Note 1 to entry: The organization can be a certification body, a government authority, or other. [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.4]. Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

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Standardized Examination

examination in which specific procedures are consistently followed Note 1 to entry: Specific procedures which are consistently followed allow examination scores to be comparable. Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

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Standard of Practice

rules, requirements, responsibilities or conditions that describe the minimal level of expected performance of a category of persons. Source: ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons, Global Standards

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Structure Orientation

position of a structure in plan referenced to a fixed direction, such as true north. Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global Standards

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Structural Reliability Analysis

procedure for the determination of the level of safety against failure of a structure or structural component Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global Standards

Definition(s)

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Structural Integrity Management System

structured methodology, consisting of a multi-step cyclic activity, including feedback, intended to assure the life and functionality of a structure Note 1 to entry: Typical steps include data collection, data evaluation, development of an inspection strategy, development and execution of an inspection programme, and consequent remedial works. Note 2 to entry: Structural integrity management is also known as SIM. Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global Standards

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Structural System

load-bearing components of a structure and the way in which these components function together. Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global Standards

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Scour

removal of seabed soils caused by currents, waves and ice Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global Standards

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System Component

part used within the system as cable tray length or cable ladder length, cable tray fitting or cable ladder fitting, support device, mounting device and system accessory Note 1 to entry: System components may not necessarily be included together in a system. Different combinations of system components may be used. [SOURCE: IEC 61537:2006, 3.2]. Source: IEC 61892-6, Mobile and fixed offshore units – Electrical installations – Part 6: Installation, Third Edition, December  2013. Global Standards

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Support Device

system component designed to provide mechanical support and which may limit movement of a cable runway [SOURCE: IEC 61537:2006, 3.7]. Source: IEC 61892-6, Mobile and fixed offshore units – Electrical installations – Part 6: Installation, Third Edition, December  2013. Global Standards

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Sealed Cell

cell which remains closed and does not release either gas or liquid when operated within the limits specified by the manufacturer Note 1 to entry: A sealed cell may be equipped with a safety device to prevent a dangerously high internal pressure and is designed to operate during its life in its original sealed state. [SOURCE IEC 60050-482:2004: 482.05.17) Source: IEC 61892-6, Mobile and fixed offshore units – Electrical installations – Part 6: Installation, Third Edition, December  2013. Global Standards

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Surface Heating

heat generated in the surface layer of a body to be heated by electrical means in order to raise or maintain its temperature. Source: IEC 61892-6, Mobile and fixed offshore units – Electrical installations – Part 6: Installation, Third Edition, December  2013. Global Standards

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Spaces, Enclosed

Spaces delineated by floors, bulkheads and decks, which may have doors or windows. (IMO—MODU Code 1.3.33. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global Standards

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SDS

Safety data sheet [formerly known as material safety data sheet (MSDS)]. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards

SDS

Safety Data Sheets. Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards Source:API RP T-1, Creating Orientation Programs for Personnel Going Offshore, Fifth Edition, November 2016. Global Standards

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SCBA

self-contained breathing apparatus. Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards