Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
Fire Source
Definition(s)
Fire Source <equivalent sprinkler systems>
Fire source is defined as the combustible material in which the fire is set and the combustible material covering walls and ceiling. Source: Resolution A.800(19), Revised Guidelines for Approval of Sprinkler Systems Equivalent to that Referred to in SOLAS Regulation 11-2/12, 23 November 1995, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory guidanceFire Suppression
Definition(s)
Fire Suppression
Fire suppression is a reduction in heat output from the fire and control of the fire to restrict its spread from its seat and reduce the flame area. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1387, Revised Guidelines for the approval of fixed water-based local application fire-fighting systems for use in category A machinery spaces, 10 December 2010, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFire Suppression <water mist nozzles>
Sharply reducing the heat release rate of a fire and preventing its regrowth by means of a direct and sufficient application of water through the fire plume to the burning fuel surface. Source: Resolution A.800(19), Revised Guidelines for Approval of Sprinkler Systems Equivalent to that Referred to in SOLAS Regulation 11-2/12, 23 November 1995, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFire Test Procedures Code
Definition(s)
Fire Test Procedures Code
Fire Test Procedures Code means the International Code for Application of Fire Test Procedures as adopted by the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization by resolution MSC.61(67), as may be amended by the Organization, provided that such amendments are adopted, brought into force and take effect in accordance with the provisions of article VIII of the present Convention concerning the amendment procedures applicable to the annex other than chapter I thereof. <Chapter II-2, part A, regulation 3>. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.99(73), amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, 5 December 2000, International Maritime Organization. LegislationFire Test Procedures Code
Fire Test Procedures Code means the International Code for Application of Fire Test Procedures as defined in chapter II-2 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, as amended. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.307(88), International Code for Application of Fire Test Procedures, 2010 (2010 FTP Code), 3 December 2010, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFire Test Procedures Code
Fire Test Procedures Code means the International Code for Application of Fire Test Procedures, 2010 (2010 FTP Code) as adopted by the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization by resolution MSC.307(88), as may be amended by the Organization, provided that such amendments are adopted, brought into force and take effect in accordance with the provisions of article VIII of the present Convention concerning the amendment procedures applicable to the Annex other than chapter I. <Chapter II-1, regulation 41>. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.308(88), amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life At Sea, 1974, as amended, 3 December 2010, International Maritime Organization. LegislationFire-extinguishing Pre-discharge Alarm
Definition(s)
Fire-extinguishing Pre-discharge Alarm
An alarm warning of the imminent release of fire-extinguishing medium into a space. Source: IMO resolution A.1021(26), Code on Alarms and Indicators, 2009, 18 January 2010, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFirst Aid
Definition(s)
First aid
A consequence of an event that required medical attention, often consisting of one-time short-term treatment and requiring little technology or training to administer. First aid can include cleaning minor cuts, scrapes, or scratches; treating a minor burn; applying bandages and dressings; the use of non-prescription medicine; draining blisters; removing debris from the eyes; massage; and drinking fluids to relieve heat stress. A full list of 14 first aid treatments is provided by OGP in Reference 18. First aid cases are not classified as recordable incidents for the purpose of reporting to OGP but may be used by companies as a criterion for reporting of events as Tier 3 KPIs. Source: OGP Report No. 456, Process Safety – Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, November 2011. Global StandardsFirst aid
The definition in OFAR of ‘first-aid’ is wide, particularly in including the treatment of minor illnesses. This definition is important in understanding the scope of duty holders’ responsibilities which go beyond first aid. Source: Health Care and First Aid on Offshore Installations and Pipeline Works, Offshore Installations and Pipeline Works (First-Aid) Regulations 1989, Approved Code of Practice and Guidance (UK HSE L123), Second Edition, 2000. Regulatory GuidanceFirst aid
“First aid” means- in cases where a person will need help from a medical practitioner or nurse, treatment for the purpose of preserving life and minimising the consequences of injury and illness until the appropriate help is obtained; and
- treatment of minor injuries or illnesses which would otherwise receive no treatment or which do not need treatment by a medical practitioner or nurse (in this sub-paragraph “treatment” includes redressing and other follow-up treatment).
First Aid Injury
Definition(s)
First Aid Injury
First aid injuries mean personal injuries that do not lead to absence or require medical treatment. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Management Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory GuidanceFirst Aid Injury
Cases that are not sufficiently serious to be reported as medical treatment or more serious cases but nevertheless require minor first aid treatment, e.g. dressing on a minor cut, removal of a splinter from a finger are considered to be first aid injuries. Note: IRF (www.irfoffshoresafety.com/country/performance/scope.aspx); OSH (NL) 15.1 and OSH (NS) Element 2, Part 15, Section 15.1. Incident Reporting and Investigation Guidelines, The Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board and Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, November 30, 2012. Regulatory GuidanceFit-for-Purpose
Definition(s)
Fit for Purpose
‘Fit for purpose’ means able to perform intended functions. Intended functions include drilling in case of drilling rigs, and top side facilities in case of production well / process platforms. OISD guidance notes for fit for purpose certification of MODU are placed at annexure-4. Source: Guidance Notes on Petroleum and Natural Gas (Safety in Offshore Operations) Rules, 2008, Oil Industry Safety Directorate (India), 2012. Regulatory GuidanceFit-for-Purpose
Meeting the intent of an International Standard although not meeting specific provisions of that International Standard in local areas, such that failure in these areas will not cause unacceptable risk to life-safety or the environment. [ISO 19900:2002]. Source: ISO 19901-7:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Specific requirements for offshore structures – Part 7: Stationkeeping systems for floating offshore structures and mobile offshore units. Global Standards Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global StandardsFixed Local Application Fire-extinguishing System Activation Alarm
Definition(s)
Fixed Local Application Fire-extinguishing System Activation Alarm
An alarm to alert the crew that the system has been discharged, with indication of the section activated. Source: IMO resolution A.1021(26), Code on Alarms and Indicators, 2009, 18 January 2010, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFlag State
Definition(s)
Flag State
The Government of the nation whose flag a vessel is entitled to fly. Source: API RP 75, Recommended Practice for Development of a Safety and Environmental Management Program for Offshore Operations and Facilities: Upstream Segment, Third Edition, May 2004. Global StandardsFlag State
Flag State means a State whose flag a ship is entitled to fly. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.255(84), Code of the International Standards and Recommended Practices for a Safety Investigation into a Marine Casualty or Marine Incident (Casualty Investigation Code), 16 May 2008, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFlammable Oil System
Definition(s)
Flammable Oil System
Flammable oil system means the system used for the supply of flammable liquid to engines or equipment. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1321, Guidelines for measures to prevent fires in engine-rooms and cargo pump-rooms, 11 June 2009, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFlammable Oils
Definition(s)
Flammable Oils
Flammable oils, for the purpose of these Guidelines, means those oils used in machinery spaces such as those listed in table 1. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1321, Guidelines for measures to prevent fires in engine-rooms and cargo pump-rooms, 11 June 2009, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFlash Point
Definition(s)
Flash Point
The lowest temperature at which a flammable product emits enough vapor to form an ignitable mixture in air, (e.g. gasoline's flash point is about –45 °F, diesel's flash point varies from about 125 °F to 200 °F.)- NOTE: An ignition source is required to cause ignition above the flash point, but below the auto-ignition temperature.
Flashpoint
Lowest liquid temperature at which, under certain standardized conditions, a liquid gives off vapours in a quantity such as to be capable of forming an ignitable vapour/air mixture. [IEV 426-02-14]. Source: IEC 61892-7, Mobile and fixed offshore units – Electrical installations – Part 7: Hazardous areas. Global StandardsFlashpoint
"Flashpoint" means the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off vapor within a test vessel in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid and shall be determined as follows: (A) For a liquid which has a viscosity of less than 45 SUS at 100°F. (37.8°C.), does not contain suspended solids, and does not have a tendency to form a surface film while under test, the procedure specified in the Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Tag Closed Tester (ASTM D-56-70) shall be used. (B) For a liquid which has a viscosity of 45 SUS or more at 100°F.(37.8°C.), or contains suspended solids or has a tendency to form a surface film while under test, the Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester (ASTM D-93-7I) shall be used, except that the methods specified in Note 1 to Section 1.1 of ASTM D-93-71 may be used for the respective materials specified in the Note. (C) For a liquid that is a mixture of compounds that have different volatilities and flashpoints, its flashpoint shall be determined by using the procedure specified in paragraph (xxv) (A) or (B) of this section on the liquid in the form it is shipped. If the flashpoint, as determined by this test is 100°F. (37.8°C.) or higher, an additional flashpoint determination shall be run on a sample of the liquid evaporated to ninety (90) percent of its original volume, and the lower value of the two tests shall be considered the flashpoint of the material. (D) Organic peroxides, which undergo autoaccelerating thermal decomposition, are excluded from any of the flashpoint determination methods specified in this subparagraph. Source: State of Wyoming Occupational Safety and Health Rules and Regulations for Oil and Gas Well Drilling, Revised January 8, 2013. RegulationsFlash Point
The minimum temperature of a liquid at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with air, near the surface of the liquid or within the vessel used, as determined by the test procedure and apparatus specified in NFPA 30. API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, Third Edition, December 2012, Global StandardsFlashpoint
Flashpoint means the temperature in degrees Celsius (closed cup test) at which a product will give off enough flammable vapour to be ignited, as determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1321, Guidelines for measures to prevent fires in engine-rooms and cargo pump-rooms, 11 June 2009, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFlash Point
The lowest temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is just sufficient to produce a flammable mixture at the lower limit of flammability. Source: API RP 14G, Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms: Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, April 2007. Global StandardsFlashpoint
Flashpoint is the temperature in degrees Celsius (closed cup test) at which a product will give off enough flammable vapour to be ignited, as determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus. <Chapter II-2, part A, regulation 3>. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.99(73), amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, 5 December 2000, International Maritime Organization. LegislationFlashpoint
Definition(s)
Flash-point
"Flash-point" of any petroleum means the lowest temperature at which it yields a vapour which will give a momentary flash when ignited, determined in accordance with the provisions of Chapter II and the rules made thereunder. Source: The Petroleum Act, 1934 (Act No. 30 of 1934), India, 1934. LegislationFlashpoint
Flashpoint is the temperature in degrees Celsius at which a product will give off enough flammable vapour to be ignited. Values given in the Code are those for a “closed-cup test” determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus. Source: Resolution MEPC.119(52), 2004 amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code), 15 October 2004. Regulatory guidance, International Maritime OrganizationFlight of an Inclined Ladder
Definition(s)
Flight of an Inclined Ladder
Flight of an inclined ladder means the actual stringer length of an inclined ladder. For vertical ladders, it is the distance between the platforms. Source: IMO Resolution MSC.158(78), amendments to the Technical provisions for means of access for inspections (Resolution MSC.133(76)), 20 May 2004, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFlow Allocation
Definition(s)
Flow Allocation
Flow allocation procedure means the procedure to- allocate total measured quantities of petroleum and water produced from or injected into a pool or zone back to individual wells in a pool or zone where individual well production or injection is not measured separately; and
- allocate production to fields that are using a common storage or processing facility.
Flow Calculation Procedure
Definition(s)
Flow Calculation Procedure
“Flow calculation procedure” means the procedure to be used to convert raw meter output to a measured quantity of oil, gas or water (méthode de calcul du débit). Source: Canada Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Regulations, SOR/2009-315, February 2013. Regulations Source: Drilling and Production Guidelines, The Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board and Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, March 31, 2011. Regulatory GuidanceFlow Calculation Procedure
“Flow calculation procedure” means the procedure to be used to convert raw meter output to a measured quantity of petroleum or water; méthode de calcul du débit. Source: Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Drilling and Production Regulations, SOR/2009-317, Canada, current to May 31, 2012. RegulationsFlow System
Definition(s)
Flow System
“Flow system” means the flow meters, auxiliary equipment attached to the flow meters, fluid sampling devices, production test equipment, the master meter and meter prover used to measure and record the rate and volumes at which fluids are- produced from or injected into a pool;
- used as a fuel;
- used for artificial lift; or
- flared or transferred from a production installation (système d’écoulement).
Flow-through Method
Definition(s)
Flow-through Method
Flow-through method – a process by which replacement ballast water is pumped into a ballast tank intended for the carriage of ballast water, allowing water to flow through overflow or other arrangements. Source: Resolution MEPC.124(53), Guidelines for ballast water exchange (G6), 22 July 2005, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance Source: Resolution MEPC.149(55), Guidelines for ballast water exchange design and construction standards (G11), 13 October 2006, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFluid
Definition(s)
Fluid
substance that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure- Note 1 to entry: A fluid can be either a gas or a liquid.
Fluid
Gases, liquids and vapour in pure phases as well as mixtures thereof. Source: API RP 17G, Recommended Practice for Completion/Workover Risers, Second Edition, July 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsFluid
"Fluid" means any material or substance that flows or moves, whether in a semi-solid, liquid, sludge, gaseous, or other form or state. Source: Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Definitions, Alaska Admin. Code tit. 20, § 25.990, December 7, 2012. RegulationsFluid
“Fluid” means gas, liquid or a combination of the two fluide. Source: Canada Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Regulations, SOR/2009-315, February 2013. Regulations Source: Drilling and Production Guidelines, The Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board and Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, March 31, 2011. Regulatory Guidance Source: Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Drilling and Production Regulations, SOR/2009-317, Canada, current to May 31, 2012. RegulationsFluids
Fluids mean liquids and gases. Source: Guidelines Regarding the Facilities Regulations, Norway, updated December 2012. Regulatory GuidanceFluoroprotein Foam Concentrate (FP)
Definition(s)
Fluoroprotein Foam Concentrate (FP)
Fluoroprotein foam concentrate (FP) is a protein foam concentrate with added fluorinated surface active agents. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1312, Revised Guidelines for the performance and testing criteria, and surveys of foam concentrates for fixed fire-extinguishing systems, 10 June 2009, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFMEA
Definition(s)
FMEA
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) means a systematic analysis of systems and sub-systems to a level of detail that identifies all potential failure modes down to the appropriate sub-system level and their consequences. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1580, GUIDELINES FOR VESSELS AND UNITS WITH DYNAMIC POSITIONING (DP) SYSTEMS, 16 June 2017, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFMEA
Failure mode and effects analysis. Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1580, GUIDELINES FOR VESSELS AND UNITS WITH DYNAMIC POSITIONING (DP) SYSTEMS, 16 June 2017, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: API RP 17A, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—General Requirements and Recommendations, Fourth Edition, Reaffirmed 2011. Global Standards Source: NOPSEMA Guidance Note: Control Measures and Performance Standards, N-04300 GN0271, Australia, Revision 3, December 2011. Regulatory Guidance Source: ISO 17776:2000, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Offshore production installations – Guidelines on tools and techniques for hazard identification and risk assessment. Global Standards Source: ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Production assurance and reliability management. Global Standards Source: ISO 19901-7:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Specific requirements for offshore structures – Part 7: Stationkeeping systems for floating offshore structures and mobile offshore units. Global StandardsFMEA
Technique which identifies failure modes and mechanisms, and their effects. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global StandardsFMEA
Failure mode and effect analysis (see ISO TS 16949). Source: API TR 1PER15K-1, Protocol for Verification and Validation of High-pressure High-temperature Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global StandardsFMEA
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC GuidelinesFMEA
Failure modes and effects analysis. A technique for determining the ways in which equipment can fail and the consequences of the failure on reliability and safety. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsFailure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
A hazard identification technique in which known failure modes of components or features of a system are considered and undesired outcomes are noted. FMEA is related to Fault Tree and Event Tree Analyses. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC GuidelinesFMEA Proving Trials
Definition(s)
FMEA Proving Trials
FMEA proving trials means the test program for verifying the FMEA.
Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1580, GUIDELINES FOR VESSELS AND UNITS WITH DYNAMIC POSITIONING (DP) SYSTEMS, 16 June 2017, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory GuidanceFMEA Proving Trials
The test program for verifying the FMEA.
Source: IMO MSC.1/Circ.1580, GUIDELINES FOR VESSELS AND UNITS WITH DYNAMIC POSITIONING (DP) SYSTEMS, 16 June 2017, International Maritime Organization. Regulatory Guidance