Bulk Expansion

Bulk Expansion

Definition(s)

Bulk Expansion

Increase in the external volume or dimensions of a cement sample. Source: API RP 10B-5, Recommended Practice on Determination of Shrinkage and Expansion of Well Cement Formulations at Atmospheric Pressure, First Edition, April 2005 (Reaffirmed November 2010). Global Standards  
Bend Stiffener Latching Mechanism

Bend Stiffener Latching Mechanism

Definition(s)

Bend Stiffener Latching Mechanism

A structure or mechanism that connects a bend stiffener to a supporting structure allowing the bending moment to be transferred from the bend stiffener to the supporting structure. Source: API SPEC 17L1, Specification for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Bend Restrictor Element or Vertebra

Bend Restrictor Element or Vertebra

Definition(s)

Bend Restrictor Element or Vertebra

Unit part of bend restrictor, of which a series are linked together to form the complete length of the bend restrictor. Source: API SPEC 17L1, Specification for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  
Audit

Audit

Definition(s)

Audit

An evaluation of a security assessment or security plan performed by an owner or operator, the owner or operator's designee, or an approved third-party that is intended to identify deficiencies, non-conformities, and inadequacies that would render the assessment or plan insufficient.

Source: API RP 781 Security Plan Methodology for the Oil and Natural Gas Industries.1st Ed. September 2016. Global Standards

Audit

Documented investigation conducted by the purchaser to verify that applicable requirements are being implemented. Source: API SPEC 17L1, Specification for Flexible Pipe Ancillary Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global Standards  

Audit

Audit means a systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which audit criteria are fulfilled. Source: IMO Resolution A.1083(28), Amendments to International Convention on Load Lines, 1966, 10 December 2013, Regulations Source: IMO Resolution A.1085(28), Amendments to the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, , 10 December 2013, Regulations Source: IMO Resolution A.1084(28), Amendments to International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, 10 December 2013, Regulations  

Audit

A formal, scheduled evaluation of an activity or asset with pre-determined objectives, criteria and protocols to test compliance against OMS expectations, implementation and/or performance. Audits vary in extent of independence and impartiality. This depends on whether the assessment is performed locally within an activity or asset based on "self-assessment"; by auditors appointed internally from other parts of the organisation; or by third parry auditors who are external to the company (imposed, invited). Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global Standards  

Audit

Systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which the audit criteria are fulfilled.
  • Note 1 to entry: An audit can be an internal audit (first party) or an external audit (second party or third party), and it can be a combined audit (combining two or more disciplines).
  • Note 2 to entry: “Audit evidence” and “audit criteria” are defined in ISO 19011.
Source: ISO/IEC 27000:2014, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Overview and vocabulary, Third Edition, January 2014. Global Standards  

Audit

A documented activity aimed at verifying by examination and evaluation that the applicable elements of the quality programme continue to be effectively implemented. Source: Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Mobile Offshore Units, Part 4, Steel Unit Structures, June 2013, Lloyd’s Register, Global Standards  

Audit

Systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which the audit criteria are fulfilled.
  • NOTE: 1   Internal audits, sometimes called first party audits, are conducted by the organization itself, or on its behalf, for management review and other internal purposes (e.g. to confirm the effectiveness of the management system or to obtain information for the improvement of the management system).  Internal audits can form the basis for an organization’s self-declaration of conformity.  In many cases, particularly in small organizations, independence can be demonstrated by the freedom from responsibility for the activity being audited or freedom from bias and conflict of interest.
  • NOTE: 2   External audits include second and third party audits.  Second party audits are conducted by parties having an interest in the organization, such as customer, or by other persons on their behalf.  Third party audits are conducted by independent auditing organizations, such as regulator or those providing certification.
  • NOTE: 3   When two or more management systems of different disciplines (e.g. quality, environmental, occupational, health and safety) are audited together, this is termed a combined audit.
  • NOTE: 4   When two or more auditing organizations cooperate to audit a single auditee, this is termed a joint audit.
  • NOTE: 5   Adapted from ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.9.1.
Source: ISO 19011:2011 (E) – Guidelines for auditing management system. Global Standards

 

Audit

A systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which audit criteria are fulfilled. Note: CSA Standard CAN/CSA-ISO 9000:05. Source: Environmental Protection Plan Guidelines, The Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, and National Energy Board, Canada, March 31, 2011. Regulatory Guidance Source: Safety Plan Guidelines, The Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, and National Energy Board, Canada, March 31, 2011. Regulatory Guidance  

Audit

Independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend necessary changes in controls, policies, or procedures (See “security audit”) [9].
  • NOTE: There are three forms of audit.
    • (1) External audits are conducted by parties who are not employees or contractors of the organization.
    • (2) Internal audit are conducted by a separate organizational unit dedicated to internal auditing. (3) Controls self assessments are conducted by peer members of the process automation function.
Source: ANSI/ISA–99.00.01–2007, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems, Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models, 29 October 2007. National Standard  

Audit

In this regulation, “audit” means systematic assessment of the adequacy of the management system to achieve the purpose referred to in paragraph (1)(a) carried out by persons who are sufficiently independent of the system (but who may be employed by the duty holder) to ensure that such assessment is objective. Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. Regulations

API Product Specification

API Product Specification

Definition(s)

API Product Specification

Prescribed set of rules, conditions, or requirements concerned with the definition of terms; classification of components; delineation of procedures; specification of dimensions; construction criteria; materials, performance, design, or operations; measurement of quality and quantity in describing materials; products, systems, services, or practices; or descriptions of fit and measurement of size. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards
API Monogrammable Product

API Monogrammable Product

Definition(s)

API Monogrammable Product

Those requirements, including performance requirements, set forth in API Specification Q1, the applicable API product specification and those Licensee-specified requirements necessary to meet them. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards
Reasonably Practicable

Reasonably Practicable

Definition(s)

Reasonably practicable

The legal definition on this was set out in England by Lord Justice Asquith in Edwards v National Coal Board [1949] who said: “‘Reasonably practicable’ is a narrower term than ‘physically possible’ and seems to me to imply that a computation must be made by the owner, in which the quantum of risk is placed on one scale and the sacrifice involved in the measures necessary for averting the risk (whether in money, time or trouble) is placed in the other; and that if it be shown that there is a gross disproportion between them — the risk being insignificant in relation to the sacrifice — the defendants discharge the onus on them. Moreover, this computation falls to be made by the owner at a point of time anterior to the accident.” This English decision has since been confirmed by the Australian High Court1. 1Slivak v Lurgi (Australia) Pty Ltd (2001) 205 CLR 304 cited in Bluff & Johnstone (2004) The relationship between Reasonably Practicable and Risk Management (WP 27 ANU National Research Centre for OHS Regulation). Source: NOPSEMA Guidance Note: ALARP, N-04300-GN0166, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance. Regulatory Guidance  

Reasonably practicable

“Reasonably practicable” means practicable unless the person on whom a duty is placed can show that there is a gross disproportion between the benefit of the duty and the cost, in time, trouble and money, of the measures to secure the duty. Source:  Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Occupational Health & Safety Requirements, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, December 2000. Regulations
LOPA

LOPA

Definition(s)

LOPA

Layers of Protection Analysis. Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance
JSA

JSA

Definition(s)

JSA

Job hazard analysis (JHA) accompanied by a risk assessment (RA), used to identify controls such as PPE requirements: JHA + RA = JSA. Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards

JSA

Job Safety Analysis. Source: API RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes, Seventh Edition, December 2014. Global Standards Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards Source: API  Bulletin 97, Well Construction Interface Document Guidelines, First Edition, December 2013. Global Standards Source: Deepwater Well Control Guidelines. IADC Guidelines Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines  

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

A method that can be used to identify, analyze and record: (1) the steps involved in performing a specific job; (2) the existing or potential safety and health hazards associated with each step; and (3) the recommended action(s)/procedure(s) that will eliminate or reduce these hazards and the risk of an injury or illness. (Used interchangeably with the terms “Job Hazard Analysis”, but also refer to “Task Risk Analysis” for the purposes of this guideline.) Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines
JHA

JHA

Definition(s)

JHA

Safety management technique that is used to anticipate and identify hazards in order to make decisions to appropriately control the hazards associated with a process, job, or procedure. NOTE Any job that has actual or potential hazards is a candidate for a JHA. Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards

JHA

Job Hazard Analysis. Source: ISO 17776:2016, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Major accident hazard management during the design of new installations, Second Edition, December 2016. Global Standards Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance Source: NOPSEMA Guidance Note: Noise Management—Principles of Assessment and Control, N-09000-GN0401, Australia, Revision 3, December 2011. Regulatory Guidance Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines
FD

FD

Definition(s)

Fd

Design Factor. Source: API Technical Report 17TR7, Verification and Validation of Subsea Connectors, First Edition, April 2017. Global Standards

FD

Fire and explosion strategy. Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global Standards

FD

Frequency domain. Source: API SPEC 17E, Specification for Subsea Umbilicals, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, October 2010. Global Standards  

FD

Facility Description. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance
HAZID

HAZID

Definition(s)

HAZID

Hazard Identification Study. Source: ISO 17776:2016, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Major accident hazard management during the design of new installations, Second Edition, December 2016. Global Standards Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global Standards Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard Identification (HAZID)

A process to find, list and characterize hazards. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines  

HAZID

Hazard identification. Source:  DNVGL-RP-G108, Cyber security in the oil and gas industry based on IEC 62443, DNV GL, September 2017. Global Standards Source: API Standard 2RD, Dynamic Risers for Floating Production Systems, Second Edition, September 2013. Global Standards Source: Deepwater Well Control Guidelines. IADC Guidelines Source: ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Production assurance and reliability management. Global Standards Source: Rules for Classification and Construction, IV Industrial Services, 6 Offshore Technology, 9 Guideline for Personnel Transfers by Means of Lifting Appliances, Edition 2011, Germanischer Lloyd SE, Global Standards Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global Standards
EER

EER

Definition(s)

EER

Escape, Evacuation and Rescue. Source: ISO 17776:2016, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Major accident hazard management during the design of new installations, Second Edition, December 2016. Global Standards Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global Standards  

EER

Range of possible actions in an emergency. NOTE Such actions may include escape, muster, refuge, evacuation, escape to the sea and rescue/recovery. Source: ISO 15544:2000, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Offshore production installations – Requirements and guidelines for emergency. Global Standards  

EER

Evacuation, escape, and rescue Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global Standards  

EER

Evacuation, Escape and Rescue Analysis. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

EER (evacuation, escape, and rescue)

Range of possible actions including escape, muster, refuge, evacuation, escape to the sea, and rescue/recovery. Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global Standards
CFD

CFD

Definition(s)

CFD

Computational Fluid Dynamics. Source: ISO 17776:2016, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Major accident hazard management during the design of new installations, Second Edition, December 2016. Global Standards Source: API RP 2FB, Recommended Practice for the Design of Offshore Facilities Against Fire and Blast Loading, First Edition, April 2006. Global Standards Source: ISO 17776:2000, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Offshore production installations – Guidelines on tools and techniques for hazard identification and risk assessment. Global Standards Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  
Good Practice

Good Practice

Definition(s)

Good practice

Note–within the HSE and their ALARP guidance documentation, good practice is the term used for those standards for controlling risk which have been judged and recognised by HSE as satisfying the law when applied to a particular relevant case in an appropriate manner. This is not the case in Australia. NOPSEMA have not endorsed any ‘approved codes of practice’ or standards to allow them a special legal status. The term ‘good practice’ in NOPSEMA guidance documentation therefore is taken to refer to any well defined and established standard practice adopted by an industrial/occupational sector, including ‘learnings’ from incidents that may not have filtered down into standards yet.  Good practice generally represents a preferred approach; however it is not the only approach that may be taken. While good practice informs, it neither constrains, nor substitutes for, the need for professional judgement. Good practice may change over time because of technical innovation, or because of increased knowledge and understanding. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance
Licensee

Licensee

Definition(s)

Licensee

Organization that has completed the application and audit process and has been issued a license by API. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards

Licensee

'Licensee' means the holder or joint holders of a licence. Source: DIRECTIVE 2013/30/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 12 June 2013 on safety of offshore oil and gas operations and amending Directive 2004/35/EC. Legislation  

Licensee

Licensee:
  1. when used in relation to a petroleum production licence—means the registered holder of the petroleum production licence; or
  2. when used in relation to an infrastructure licence—means the registered holder of the infrastructure licence; or
  3. when used in relation to a pipeline licence—means the registered holder of the pipeline licence; or
  4. when used in relation to a greenhouse gas injection licence—means the registered holder of the greenhouse gas injection licence.
Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006, Australia, amended 2012. Legislation  

Licensee

“Licensee” means any person to whom a licence to search and bore for and get petroleum in respect of any area within relevant waters is granted pursuant to section 3 of the Petroleum Act 1998. Note: (3) 1998 c. 17. Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. Regulations  

Licensee

For S.I. 1995/738, in regulation 2(1) (interpretation) after the definition of “installation manager”, insert— ““licensee” means any person to whom a licence to search and bore for and get petroleum in respect of any area within relevant waters is granted pursuant to section 3 of the Petroleum Act 1998. Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. Regulations  

Licensee

For S.I. 1995/743, in regulation 2(1) (interpretation) after the definition of “installation”, insert ““licensee” means any person to whom a licence to search and bore for and get petroleum in respect of any area within relevant waters is granted pursuant to section 3 of the Petroleum Act 1998”. Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. Regulations  

Licensee

For S.I. 1996/913, in regulation 2(1) (interpretation) after the definition of “integrity” insert ““licensee” means any person to whom a licence to search and bore for and get petroleum in respect of any area within relevant waters is granted pursuant to section 3 of the Petroleum Act 1998”. Source: The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005, UK S.I. 2005/3117, 2005. Regulations  

Licensee

Physical person or body corporate, or several such persons or bodies corporate, holding a licence according to the Petroleum Act or previous legislation to carry out exploration, production, transportation or utilisation activities. If a licence has been granted to several such persons jointly, the term licensee may comprise the licences collectively as well as the individual licensee. Source: Regulations relating to health, safety and the environment in the petroleum activities and at certain onshore facilities (the Framework Regulations), Norway, February 2010 (amended December 2011). Regulations  

Licensee

Physical person or body corporate, or several such persons or bodies corporate, holding a licence according to this Act or previous legislation to carry out exploration, production, transportation or utilisation activities. If a licence has been granted to several such persons jointly, the term licensee may comprise the licences collectively as well as the individual licensee. Source: Act 29 November 1996 No. 72 Relating to Petroleum Activities, Norway, amended June 2011. Legislation  

Licensee

“Licensee” means the person to whom a petroleum exploration license is issued for the purpose of carrying out petroleum operations. Source: Petroleum and Natural Gas (Safety in Offshore Operations) Rules, 2008, India, 18th June 2008. Regulations  

Vergunninghouder (Dutch)

„vergunninghouder”: de houder of gezamenlijke houders van een vergunning.1  

Titulaire d’une autorisation (French)

«titulaire d’une autorisation», le détenteur ou les codétenteurs d’une autorisation.1  

Koncessionshaver (Danish)

»koncessionshaver«: indehaveren eller fælles indehavere af en koncession.1  

Concesionario (Spanish)

«concesionario»: el titular de una concesión.1  

Entitate autorizată (Romanian)

„entitate autorizată” înseamnă titularul sau titularii comuni ai unei autorizații.1  

Lizenzinhaber (German)

„Lizenzinhaber“ den Inhaber oder die gemeinsamen Inhaber einer Lizenz.1  

κάτοχος άδειας (Greek)

«κάτοχος άδειας» σημαίνει τον δικαιούχο ή τους συνδικαιούχους άδειας.1  

Licenziatario (Italian)

«licenziatario»: il titolare o i contitolari di una licenza.1  

Koncesjobiorca (Polish)

„koncesjobiorca” oznacza osobę posiadającą lub osoby współposiadające koncesję.1  

Titular de licença (Portuguese)

«Titular de licença», o detentor ou os codetentores de uma licença.1  

Licensinnehavare (Swedish)

licensinnehavare: innehavaren eller de gemensamma innehavarna av en licens.1  

Luvanhaltijalla (Finnish)

’luvanhaltijalla’ tarkoitetaan toimiluvan haltijaa tai yhteishaltijoita.1  

Imetnik dovoljenja (Slovenian)

„imetnik dovoljenja“ pomeni osebo ali skupino oseb, ki ima dovoljenje.1  

Držiteľ povolenia (Slovak)

„držiteľ povolenia“ je subjekt, ktorému bolo povolenie udelené, alebo subjekty, ktorým bolo udelené spoločne.1  

Licencijos turėtojas (Lithuanian)

licencijos turėtojas – licenciją turintis asmuo arba bendrai licenciją turintys asmenys.1  

Engedélyes (Hungarian)

„engedélyes”: az engedély birtokosa vagy együttes birtokosai.1  

Detentur tal-liċenzja (Maltese)

‧detentur tal-liċenzja‧ tfisser il-persuna li jkollha, jew il-persuni li flimkien ikollhom, liċenzja.1  

Licenciāts (Latvian)

“licenciāts” ir persona, kas saņēmusi licenci atsevišķi vai kopīgi ar citām personām.1  

Loaomanik (Estonian)

„loaomanik”– loa omanik või selle ühisomanikud.1  

Držitelem licence (Czech)

„držitelem licence“ držitel nebo spoludržitelé licence.1  

притежател на лиценз (Bulgarian)

„притежател на лиценз“ означава лице, което притежава лиценз или лица, съпритежатели на лиценз.1
Nature

Nature

Definition(s)

Nature

‘Nature’ in this context refers to the essential properties or characteristics of a particular type of injury or illness. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance
Risk Assessment

Risk Assessment

Definition(s)

Risk Assessment

The process of determining the likelihood of a threat successfully exploiting vulnerability and the resulting degree of consequences (C) on an asset. A risk assessment provides the basis for rank ordering of risks and thus establishing priorities for the application of countermeasure. Source: API RP 781 Security Plan Methodology for the Oil and Natural Gas Industries.1st Ed. September 2016. Global Standards

Risk Assessment

Risk (R) assessment is the process of determining the likelihood of a threat (T) successfully exploiting vulnerability (V) and the resulting degree of consequences (C) on an asset. A risk assessment provides the basis for rank ordering of risks and thus establishing priorities for the application of countermeasures.

Source:API STANDARD 780, Security Risk Assessment Methodology for the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, First Edition, May 2013. Global Standards

Risk Assessment

The identification and analysis, either qualitative or quantitative, of the likelihood and outcome of specific hazard exposure events or scenarios with judgements of probability and consequences. Source: API Standards 2217A, Guidelines for Safe Work in Inert Confined Spaces in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Fourth Edition, July 2009. Global Standards

Risk Assessment

The identification and analysis, either qualitative or quantitative, of the likelihood and outcome of specific events or scenarios with judgements of probability and consequences. API RP 2201, Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum & Petrochemical Industries, Fifth Edition, July 2003 (Reaffirmed October 2010), Global Standards API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards

Risk Assessment

Component of a JSA, where a determination of the expected level (severity) of illness, injury, and/or property damage that an identified hazard can cause is coupled with the frequency (probability) of that level of hazard occurring.
  • NOTE: 1 This is then plotted on a matrix to determine the level of risk associated with that job.
  • NOTE: 2 If the level of risk is not acceptable, control measures are introduced to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards  

Risk Assessment

Product or process which collects information and assigns values to risks for the purpose of informing priorities, developing or comparing courses of action, and informing decision making. Sample Usage: The analysts produced a risk assessment outlining risks to the aviation industry. Extended Definition: appraisal of the risks facing an entity, asset, system, network, geographic area or other grouping Annotation: A risk assessment can be the resulting product created through analysis of the component parts of risk. Source: DHS Risk Lexicon, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2010 Edition. September 2010 Regulatory Guidanc  

Risk Assessment

A process that provides a consistent and comparable evaluation of the relative level of different risks introduced by company activities. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global Standards  

Risk Assessment

Overall process of risk identification, risk analysis and risk evaluation. [SOURCE: ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.4.1] Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards Source: ISO/IEC 27000:2014, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Overview and vocabulary, Third Edition, January 2014. Global Standards

Risk Assessment

Risk assessment includes both qualitative and quantitative risk assessment. Source: Guidance Notes on Petroleum and Natural Gas (Safety in Offshore Operations) Rules, 2008, Oil Industry Safety Directorate (India), 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Risk Assessment

The product or process which collects information and assigns values to risks for the purpose of informing priorities, developing or comparing courses of action, and informing decision making. Extended Definition: The appraisal of the risks facing an entity, asset, system, or network, organizational operations, individuals, geographic area, other organizations, or society, and includes determining the extent to which adverse circumstances or events could result in harmful consequences. Adapted from: DHS Risk Lexicon, CNSSI 4009, NIST SP 800-53 Rev 4. Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global Standards

Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is the process of estimating the likelihood of an occurrence of specific consequences (undesirable events) of a given severity. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance Source: NOPSEMA Guidance Note: Control Measures and Performance Standards, N-04300 GN0271, Australia, Revision 3, December 2011. Regulatory Guidance  

Risk Assessment

Overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation. Source: ISO 17776:2000, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Offshore production installations – Guidelines on tools and techniques for hazard identification and risk assessment. Global Standards Source: ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards, Global Standards  

Risk Assessment

Overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation. Other Related Terms and Definitions: ISO Guide 73 – Overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation. ISO-17776 – Overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines Source:  Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Occupational Health & Safety Requirements, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, December 2000. Regulations  

Risk assessment

Overall process of risk identification (3.5.1), risk analysis (3.6.1) and risk evaluation (3.7.1). Source: ISO Guide 73:2009(E/F), Risk Management – Vocabulary, First Edition, 2009. Global Standards  

Risk assessment

A risk assessment is a careful examination of what causes harm and an evaluation of precautions that can be taken to prevent harm. Source: Commercial Diving Projects Offshore, Diving at Work Regulations 1997, Approved Code of Practice (UK HSE L103), First Edition, 1998. Regulatory Guidance  

Risk assessment

Process that systematically identifies potential vulnerabilities to valuable system resources and threats to those resources, quantifies loss exposures and consequences based on probability of occurrence, and (optionally) recommends how to allocate resources to countermeasures to minimize total exposure.
  • NOTE: Types of resources include physical, logical and human.
  • NOTE: Risk assessments are often combined with vulnerability assessments to identify vulnerabilities and quantify the associated risk. They are carried out initially and periodically to reflect changes in the organization's risk tolerance, vulnerabilities, procedures, personnel and technological changes.
Source: ANSI/ISA–99.00.01–2007, Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems, Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models, 29 October 2007. National Standard
Performance Standard

Performance Standard

Definition(s)

Performance standard

Defined limit placed on characteristics of materials, products or services. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards

Performance standard

Statement, which can be expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms, of the performance required of a system or item of equipment in order for it to satisfactorily fulfil its purpose. Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards

Performance standard

Measureable statement, expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms, of the performance required of a system, item of equipment, person or procedure, and that is relied upon as a basis for managing a hazard
  • Note 1 to entry: Hardware performance standards address the functionality, reliability, survivability and interdependency of barriers under emergency conditions.
[SOURCE: IOGP Report No. 415] Source: ISO 17776:2016, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Major accident hazard management during the design of new installations, Second Edition, December 2016. Global Standards

Performance standard

Performance standard means a standard, established by the operator, of the performance required of a system, item of equipment, person or procedure which is used as a basis for managing the risk of a major accident event [OPGGS(S) Regulation 1.5]. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Performance standard

Performance standard means a standard, established by the operator, of the performance required of a system, item of equipment, person or procedure which is used as a basis for managing the risk of a major accident event. Source: Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Safety) Regulations 2009 (Select Legislative Instrument 2009 No. 382 as amended), Australia, prepared on 1 January 2012. Regulations  

Performance Standard

Describes the essential requirements which can be expressed in quantitative or qualitative terms, of the performance required of a system, item or equipment, or procedure that should be maintained throughout its working life.  Some companies also refer to Performance Standards as goals or targets. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines  

Performance standards

A measurable statement, expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms, of the performance required of a system, item of equipment, person, or procedure, and that is relied upon as the basis for managing a hazard. Source: OGP Report No. 415, Asset integrity – the key to managing major incident risks, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, December 2008. Global Standards  

Performance standards

The Guidelines describe the elements of the HSEMS model and their interrelationships. These—or similar—elements are described by some regulators and companies as ‘performance standards’. This term should not, however, be confused with ‘performance criteria’, which are lower-level specifications for the performance of operations. Source: OGP Report No. 6.36/210, Guidelines for the Development and Application of Health, Safety and Environmental Management Systems, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, July 1994. Global Standards
Hazard Identification (HAZID)

Hazard Identification (HAZID)

Definition(s)

Hazard Identification (HAZID)

A process to find, list and characterize hazards. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines

Hazard identification

Hazard Identification is the process of identifying potential hazards. In the context of the OPGGS(S) Regulations, hazard identification involves identifying all hazards having the potential to cause a major accident event [OPGGS(S) subregulation 2.5(2)(a)], and the continual and systematic identification of hazards to health and safety of persons at or near the facility [OPGGS(S) subregulation 2.5(3))(c)]. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard identification

estimation of potential consequences to the employees’ health and, if feasible , of probability of occurrence, evaluation of needs for remedial actions, development of recommendations for remedial actions and/or follow-up activities, identification of nonconformities and problems in meeting specified requirements Source: Rules for Classification and Construction, IV Industrial Services, 6 Offshore Technology, 9 Guideline for Personnel Transfers by Means of Lifting Appliances, Edition 2011, Germanischer Lloyd SE, Global Standards
Hazard

Hazard

Definition(s)

Hazard

Source of potential harm or a situation with a potential to cause loss (any negative consequence). Source: ISO 16530-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Well integrity – Part 1: Life cycle governance, First Edition, March 2017. Global Standards

Hazard

A source of potential harm.
  • NOTE: Harm includes ill health and injury; damage to property, equipment, products or the environment; production losses, or increased liabilities.
Source: API  Bulletin 97, Well Construction Interface Document Guidelines, First Edition, December 2013. Global Standards

Hazard

Potential for adverse or harmful consequences. In practical terms, a hazard is often associated with an activity or condition that, if left uncontrolled, can result in injury, illness, death, property damage, business interruption, harm to the environment, or an impact on the reputation of an entity. Source: API RP 98, Personal Protective Equipment Selection for Oil Spill Responders, First Edition, August 2013. Global Standards  

Hazard

An inherent chemical or physical property with the potential to do harm (flammability, toxicity, corrosivity, stored chemical or mechanical energy). API RP 2009, Safe Welding, Cutting, and Hot Work Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Seventh Edition, February 2002 (Reaffirmed, March 2012), Global Standards  

Hazard

A situation or inherent chemical or physical property with the potential to do harm (flammability, oxygen deficiency, toxicity, corrosivity, stored electrical, chemical or mechanical energy). Source: API Standards 2217A, Guidelines for Safe Work in Inert Confined Spaces in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, Fourth Edition, July 2009. Global Standards

Hazard

A hazard is something with the potential to cause harm. This may include water, environmental factors, plant, methods of diving and other aspects of work organisation. Source: Commercial Diving Projects Offshore, Diving at Work Regulations 1997, Approved Code of Practice (UK HSE L103), First Edition, 1998. Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard

Natural or man-made source or cause of harm or difficulty Sample Usage: Improperly maintained or protected storage tanks present a potential hazard. Annotation:
  1. A hazard differs from a threat in that a threat is directed at an entity, asset, system, network, or geographic area, while a hazard is not directed.
  2. A hazard can be actual or potential.
Source: DHS Risk Lexicon, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2010 Edition. September 2010 Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard

A possible source of an adverse environmental effect management system the system required by section 5 of the Regulations, that integrates operations and technical systems with the management of financial and human resources to ensure compliance with the Act and the Regulations. Source: Environmental Protection Plan Guidelines, The Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, and National Energy Board, Canada, March 31, 2011. Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard

“Hazard” means any existing or potential practice or condition or any current or future set of circumstances associated with injury or illness to a person, whether or not the injury or illness occurs immediately or results in delayed effects that are deleterious to health or safety. Source:  Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Occupational Health & Safety Requirements, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, December 2000. Regulations  

Hazard

Any existing or potential practice or condition that may result in injury or illness to a person, damage to property or an adverse environmental effect. Incident Reporting and Investigation Guidelines, The Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board and Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada, November 30, 2012. Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard

An intrinsic property of anything with the potential to cause harm. Harm includes ill health and injury, damage to property, plant, products or the environment, production losses, or increased liabilities. Other Related Terms and Definitions: ISO-17776 – Potential source of harm (also in ISO Guide 51). IADC HSE Case Guidelines Issue 02 – The intrinsic property or ability of an agent with the potential to cause harm, including ill-health and injury, damage to property, plant, products or the environment, production losses, or increased liabilities. Source: International Association of Drilling Contractors, Appendix 2 to Health, Safety and Environment Case Guidelines for Offshore Drilling Contractors, Issue 3.3.2, February 2010. IADC Guidelines  

Hazard

An object, physical effect or condition with the potential to harm people, the environment or property. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global Standards  

Hazard

Situation or event with the potential to cause any, or all, of human injury, damage to the environment, and damage to property Source: ISO 19900:2013, Petroleum and natural gas industries – General requirements for offshore structures. Global Standards  

Hazard

Potential for human injury, damage to the environment, damage to property or a combination of these. Source: ISO 15544:2000, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Offshore production installations – Requirements and guidelines for emergency. Global Standards  

Hazard

Potential source of harm.
  • NOTE: In the context of this International Standard, the potential harm may relate to human injury, damage to the environment, damage to property, or a combination of these.
Source: ISO 17776:2000, Petroleum and natural gas industries – Offshore production installations – Guidelines on tools and techniques for hazard identification and risk assessment. Global Standards  

Hazard

Potential source of harm.
  • Note: 1 to entry: Hazard can be a risk source for potential for human injury, damage to the environment, damage to property, or a combination of these.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014] Source: ISO 17776:2016, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Major accident hazard management during the design of new installations, Second Edition, December 2016. Global Standards Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global Standards  

Hazard

Potential source of harm
  • NOTE: The term hazard can be qualified in order to define its origin or the nature of the expected harm (e.g. electric shock hazard, crushing hazard, cutting hazard, toxic hazard, fire hazard, drowning hazard).
Source: ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards, Global Standards  

Hazard

Source of potential harm.
  • NOTE: Hazard can be a risk source (3.5.1.2).
Source: ISO Guide 73:2009(E/F), Risk Management – Vocabulary, First Edition, 2009. Global Standards  

Hazard

A natural or man-made source or cause of harm or difficulty. From: DHS Risk Lexicon. Source: NICCS™ Portal Cybersecurity Lexicon, National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (https://niccs.us-cert.gov/glossary) as of 11 November 2015, Global Standards  

Hazard

Natural or man-made source or cause of harm or difficulty.

Source:API STANDARD 780, Security Risk Assessment Methodology for the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries, First Edition, May 2013. Global Standards

Hazard

A Hazard is defined as a situation with the potential for causing harm to human health or safety. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance Source: NOPSEMA Guidance Note: Control Measures and Performance Standards, N-04300 GN0271, Australia, Revision 3, December 2011. Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard

The potential to cause harm, including ill health or injury; damage to property, plant, products or the environment; production losses or increased liabilities. Source: OGP Report No. 6.36/210, Guidelines for the Development and Application of Health, Safety and Environmental Management Systems, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, July 1994. Global Standards  

Hazard

A source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health5, whether it be a major hazard identified in studies or an occupational hazard. Note: CSA Z1000-06 Occupational Health and Safety Management. Source: Safety Plan Guidelines, The Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board, and National Energy Board, Canada, March 31, 2011. Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard

"Hazard" means any occupational condition or circumstance which is likely to cause death, injury or illness. Source: State of Wyoming Occupational Safety and Health Rules and Regulations for Oil and Gas Well Drilling, Revised January 8, 2013. Regulations  

Hazard

An activity, arrangement, circumstance, event, occurrence, phenomenon, process, situation, or substance (whether arising or caused within or outside a place of work) that is an actual or potential cause or source of harm. *Indicates that the definition has been extracted from the HSE Act. Source: Approved Code of Practice for Managing Hazards to Prevent Major Industrial Accidents, Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Department of Labour, New Zealand, July 1994. Regulatory Guidance  

Hazard

(a) means an activity, arrangement, circumstance, event, occurrence, phenomenon, process, situation, or substance (whether arising or caused within or outside a place of work) that is an actual or potential cause or source of harm; and (b) includes (i) a situation where a person’s behaviour may be an actual or potential cause or source of harm to the person or another person; and (ii) without limitation, a situation described in subparagraph (i) resulting from physical or mental fatigue, drugs, alcohol, traumatic shock, or another temporary condition that affects a person’s behavior. Source: Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Public Act 1992 No 96, New Zealand, as of 1 July 2011. Legislation  

Hazard

A deviation (departure from the design and operating intention) which could cause damage, injury or other form of loss (Chemical Industries Association HAZOP Guide). Source: Verification of Lifting Appliances for the Oil and Gas Industry, DNV-OSS-308, October 2010, Det Norske Veritas AS, Global Standards
Formal Safety Assessment

Formal Safety Assessment

Definition(s)

Formal safety assessment

A formal safety assessment, in the context of the OPGGS(S) Regulations, is an assessment or series of assessments that identifies all hazards having the potential to cause a major accident event. It is a detailed and systematic assessment of the risk associated with each of those hazards, including the likelihood and consequences of each potential major accident event. It identifies the technical and other control measures that are necessary to reduce that risk to a level that is as low as reasonably practicable [OPGGS(S) subregulation 2.5(2)(c)]. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance
API Specified Requirements

API Specified Requirements

Definition(s)

API Specified Requirements

Those requirements, including performance requirements, set forth in API Specification Q1, the applicable API product specification and those Licensee-specified requirements necessary to meet them. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards
Work Environment

Work Environment

Definition(s)

Work Environment

The term “work environment” relates to those conditions under which work is performed including physical, environmental and other factors (such as noise, temperature, humidity, lighting or weather). Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards  

Work Environment

Physical, chemical, biological, organizational, social and cultural factors surrounding a worker (2.4). Source: ISO 6385:2016, Ergonomics principles in the design of work systems, Third Edition, September 2016. Global Standards
Control Measure

Control Measure

Definition(s)

Control measure

A Control Measure is any system, procedure, process, device or other means of eliminating, preventing, reducing or mitigating the risk of hazardous events arising at or near a facility. Control measures are the means by which risk to health and safety from events is eliminated or minimised. Controls can take many forms, including physical equipment, process control systems, management processes, operating or maintenance procedures, emergency response plans, and key personnel and their actions. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Risk Assessment, N-04300-GN0165, Australia, Revision 4, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance Source: NOPSEMA Guidance Note: Control Measures and Performance Standards, N-04300 GN0271, Australia, Revision 3, December 2011. Regulatory Guidance Source: NOPSEMA Guidance Note: Safety Management Systems, N04300-GN1052, Australia, Revision 0, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance
HSR

HSR

Definition(s)

HSR

Rockwell hardness C-scale. Source: API SPEC 5CRA, Specification for Corrosion Resistant Alloy Seamless Tubes for Use as Casing, Tubing and Coupling Stock, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2010 (Errata August 2011). Global Standards

HSR

Health and Safety Representative. Source: NOPSEMA Guidance note: Hazard Identification, N-04300-GN0107, Australia, Revision 5, December 2012. Regulatory Guidance    
Documented Procedure

Documented Procedure

Definition(s)

Documented Procedure

Where the term “documented procedure“ appears within this International Standard, this means that the procedure is established, documented, implemented and maintained. A single document may address the requirements for one or more procedures. A requirement for documented procedures may be covered by more than one document. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards
Quality Plan

Quality Plan

Definition(s)

Quality Plan

A document specifying the processes of the quality management system (including the product realization processes) and the resources to be applied to a specific product, project or contract, can be referred to as a quality plan. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards  

Quality Plan

A document derived from the quality programme setting out the specific quality practices, special processes, resources and activities relevant to a particular unit or series of similar units. This document will also indicate the stages at which, as a minimum, direct survey and/or system monitoring will be carried out by the Classification Surveyor. Source: Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Mobile Offshore Units, Part 4, Steel Unit Structures, June 2013, Lloyd’s Register, Global Standards
Tender

Tender

Definition(s)

Tender

Offer made by an organization in response to an invitation to provide a product. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards Source: ISO/TS 29001:2010(E).Global Standards
Manufacturing Acceptance Criteria

Manufacturing Acceptance Criteria

Definition(s)

Manufacturing Acceptance Criteria

Defined limits placed on characteristics of materials, products, and services established by the organization to achieve conformity to the manufacturing or servicing requirements. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Management System Requirements for Manufacturing Organizations for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry, Ninth Edition, June 2013 (Errata 2, March 2014). Global Standards

Manufacturing Acceptance Criteria

Defined limits placed on characteristics of materials, products, and services established by the organization to achieve conformity to the manufacturing or service requirements. Source: API SPEC Q1, Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industry, Upstream Segment, Eighth Edition, December 2007 (Addendum December 2010). Global Standards Source: ISO/TS 29001:2010(E).Global Standards