Glossary
Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms.
PMV
Definition(s)
PMV
Production master valve. Source: API RP 17A, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—General Requirements and Recommendations, Fourth Edition, Reaffirmed 2011. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17D, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—Subsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition May 2011 (Errata September 2011). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 17F, Specification for Subsea Production Control Systems, Second Edition, December 2006 (Reaffirmed April 2011). Global StandardsPNA
Definition(s)
PNA
Petri net analysis. Source: ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Production assurance and reliability management. Global StandardsPo
Definition(s)
Po
Polonium. Source: NOGEPA Industrial Guideline No. 16, Working with Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM), Netherlands, Version 1, January 2009. Global StandardsPocket (unloader)
Definition(s)
Pocket (unloader)
Reduces the flow through a reciprocating compressor by increasing the volumetric capacity of the compressor cylinder. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsPod
Definition(s)
POD
Point of disconnect. Source: API Specification 16Q, Design, Selection, Operation, and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser Systems, Second Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsPoD
Probability of detection. Source: API Technical Report 17TR7, Verification and Validation of Subsea Connectors, First Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsPod
The control system valve package. Source: API RP 96, Deepwater Well Design and Construction, First Edition, March 2013. Global StandardsPod
See control pod. Source: API SPEC 16D, Specification for Control Systems for Drilling Well Control Equipment and Control Systems for Diverter Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2004. Global StandardsPoint Of Embarkation
Definition(s)
Point Of Embarkation
The heliport or dock facility from which personnel and materials are shipped to or received from the offshore facility. Source: API RP 70, Security for Offshore Oil and Natural Gas Operations, Downstream Segment, First Edition, March 2003. Global StandardsPoint Of Embarkation
The heliport or dock facility from which personnel and materials are shipped to or received from the offshore facility. Appropriate security measures at these facilities are critical. Source: API RP 70I, Security for Worldwide Offshore Oil and Natural Gas Operations, Upstream Segment, First Edition, May 2004. Global StandardsPoisons
Definition(s)
Poisons (For Sensors) (Gas Properties)
Substances, which lead to temporary or permanent loss of sensitivity of the sensors. Source: IEC 60079-29-1, Explosive atmospheres – Part 29-1: Gas detectors – Performance requirements of detectors for flammable gases. Global StandardsPoisson’s Ratio, νha
Definition(s)
Poisson’s Ratio, νha
Axial strain resulting from a stress in the hoop direction.- Note: 1 to entry: GRP pipes will typically contract in the axial direction when subjected to a hoop stress.
- Note: 2 to entry: For GRP pipes wound at a 54° winding angle, the Poisson's ratio will typically be smaller in magnitude than the minor Poisson's ratio (3.2.79).
Polar Low
Definition(s)
Polar Low
depression that forms in polar air, often near a boundary between ice and sea. Source: API RP 2MET, Derivation of Metocean Design and Operating Conditions, First Edition, November 2014. Global StandardsPole Mast
Definition(s)
Pole mast
Structure consisting of one or more tubular sections, telescoping or not telescoping, that are the load-bearing members. The structure, when erected to working position, usually requires guylines. It may be attached to a carrier, skid base, or substructure. Source: API RP 54, Recommended Practice for Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations, Third Edition, August 1999 (2007). Global StandardsPole mast
“Pole mast” means a structure which consists of 1 or more tubular sections, either telescoping or nontelescoping and which is a load-bearing member. The structure, when erected to working position, usually requires guylines. It may be attached to a carrier, skid base, or substructure. It is used in place of a derrick. [Mich. Admin. Code R 408 (2013)]. Source: Oil and Gas Drilling and Servicing Operations, Michigan Administrative Code R 408, February 8, 2013. RegulationsPolicies
Definition(s)
Policies
High-level statements that define general principles or rules about how a company operates. Policies generally outline commitments and limitations applied to the company overall and are supported by other documents, such as codes of conduct for individuals or standards related to activities. Source: IOGP Report No. 510, Operating Management System Framework for controlling risk and delivering high performance in the oil and gas industry, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, June 2014. Global StandardsPolicy
Definition(s)
Policy
Intentions and direction of an organization as formally expressed by its top management. Source: ISO/IEC 27000:2014, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Overview and vocabulary, Third Edition, January 2014. Global StandardsPolicy
A minimal description of NOPSEMA’s intentions and expected outcomes in relation to the subject of the policy. The means for achieving it, such as a process or procedures, and any elaboration or guidance, are not included within the policy document. Source: NOPSEMA Guideline – Glossary – Regulatory Operations, N-09000-GL0326, Australia, Revision 5, December 2011. Regulatory GuidancePolished Bore Receptacle (PBR)
Definition(s)
Polished Bore Receptacle (PBR)
A device with a honed internal diameter (ID) sealing surface for landing a production tubing seal assembly or tie back casing. Source: API STD 65 – Part 2, Isolating Potential Flow Zones During Well Construction, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, December 2010. Global StandardsPolymerization
Definition(s)
Polymerization
Time/temperature/pressure cycle used to cure a thermosetting resin system from a liquid to a solid. Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global StandardsPOOH
Definition(s)
POOH
Pulling of out hole. Source:API SPECIFICATION 19TT, Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment, First Edition, October 2016. Global StandardsPool Fire
Definition(s)
Pool Fire
Burning pool of liquid. Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Sixth Edition, January 2014. Global Standards Source: API STD 521, Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, Fifth Edition, January 2007 (Addendum May 2008). Global StandardsPool Fire
Turbulent diffusion fire burning above a horizontal pool of vaporizing hydrocarbon fuel under conditions where the fuel has zero or very low initial momentum. Source: ISO 13702:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines, Second Edition, August 2015. Global StandardsPop-Up Display/Control Dialog Box
Definition(s)
Pop-Up Display/Control Dialog Box
A display or control that appears on a computer screen to allow increased access to a control item. An auxiliary display of data, a message, or a supplemental operational request, either as a result of a command given to a control system by an operator, or a system alarm notification. Source: API SPEC 16D, Specification for Control Systems for Drilling Well Control Equipment and Control Systems for Diverter Equipment, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, July 2004. Global StandardsPOR
Definition(s)
POR
Performance and operability review. Source: ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Production assurance and reliability management. Global StandardsPore Pressure (PP)
Definition(s)
Pore Pressure (PP)
Pore pressure is the pressure of the fluid inside the pore spaces of a formation. Source: API STD 65 – Part 2, Isolating Potential Flow Zones During Well Construction, Upstream Segment, Second Edition, December 2010. Global StandardsPore Pressure (formation pressure)
Pressure exerted by the fluids within the pore space of a formation. Source: API RP 59, Recommended Practice for Well Control Operations, Second Edition, May 2006. Global StandardsPore Pressure
Pressure exerted by fluids in a formation pore space. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsPore Pressure
The amount of force that is being exerted into the borehole by fluids or gases within the formation that has been penetrated. Source: NOGEPA Industrial Guideline No. 43, Surface BOP Review, Best Practices Checklist, Netherlands, Version 0, December 2011. Global StandardsPort Administration
Definition(s)
Port Administration
Port administration means the appropriate authority of the country in the port of which the ship is loading or unloading. Source: Resolution MEPC.119(52), 2004 amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code), 15 October 2004. Regulatory guidance, International Maritime OrganizationPortable Apparatus
Definition(s)
Portable Apparatus (Types of Instruments)
Spot-reading or continuous duty apparatus that has been designed to be readily carried from place to place and to be used while it is being carried. A portable apparatus is battery powered and includes, but is not limited to a) a hand-held apparatus, typically less than 1 kg, which requires use of only one hand to operate, b) personal monitors, similar in size and mass to the hand-held apparatus, that are continuously operating (but not necessarily continuously sensing) while they are attached to the user, and c) larger apparatus that can be operated by the user while it is carried either by hand, by a shoulder strap or carrying harness and which may or may not have a hand directed probe. Source: IEC 60079-29-1, Explosive atmospheres – Part 29-1: Gas detectors – Performance requirements of detectors for flammable gases. Global StandardsPositional Mooring
Definition(s)
Positional Mooring
Anchoring system for position keeping at the unit's working location prompt and thorough repair a permanent repair completed at the time of survey to the satisfaction of the surveyor, therein removing the need for the imposition of any associated condition of class. Source: Rules for Classification – Offshore units, DNVGL-OU-0101, Offshore drilling and support units, DNV GL, July 2015. Global StandardsPositional Mooring
Station-keeping by means of multi-leg mooring systems with or without thruster assistance. Source: Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Mobile Offshore Units, Part 1, Regulations, June 2013, Lloyd’s Register, Global StandardsPositional Mooring
Station-keeping by means of multi-leg mooring system with or without thruster-assist. The positional mooring system will consist of the following components, as relevant:- Anchor points:
• Drag embedment anchors.
• Anchor piles.
• Suction anchor piles.
• Gravity anchors.
• Plate anchors.
2. Anchor lines. 3. Anchor line fittings:• Shackles.
• Connecting links/plates.
• Wire rope terminations.
• Clump weights.
• Quick release devices, etc.
4. Fairleads/bending shoes. 5. Chain or wire rope stoppers. 6. Winches or windlasses. Where applicable, the structural or mechanical connection of these items to the unit is also considered to be part of the positional mooring system. Source: Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Mobile Offshore Units, Part 3, Functional Unit Types and Special Features, June 2013, Lloyd’s Register, Global StandardsPositive Choke
Definition(s)
Positive Choke
Choke requiring orifice size change to change the rate of flow. Source: IADC UBO / MPD Glossary, December 2011. Global StandardsPositive Material Identification
Definition(s)
Positive Material Identification
Any physical evaluation or test of a material to confirm that the material, which has been or will be placed into service, is consistent with the selected or specified alloy material designated by the owner/user.- NOTE: These evaluations or tests can provide qualitative or quantitative information that is sufficient to verify the nominal alloy composition (see API 578).
Possum Belly
Definition(s)
Possum Belly
Compartment, or back tank, on a shale shaker into which the flow line discharges, and from which drilling fluid is either fed to the screens or is bypassed, if necessary. Source: API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluids Processing Systems Evaluation, Upstream Segment, Fourth Edition, December 2010. Global StandardsPost-Weld Heat Treatment
Definition(s)
Post-Weld Heat Treatment
Heat treatment subsequent to welding, including stress relief.
Source: API Specification 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Fourth Edition, April 2017. Global StandardsPost-Weld Heat Treatment
Any heat treatment subsequent to welding, including stress relief. Source: API RP 17A Addendum 1, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems—General Requirements and Recommendations, December 2010. Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16C, Specification for Choke and Kill Systems, First Edition, January 1993 (Reaffirmed 2001). Global Standards Source: API SPEC 16RCD, Specification for Drill Through Equipment—Rotating Control Devices, Upstream Segment, First Edition, February 2005. Global StandardsPost-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)
Definition(s)
Postweld Heat Treatment
A work process which consists of heating an entire weldment or section of fabricated piping to an elevated temperature after completion of welding in order to relieve the detrimental effects of welding heat, such as reducing residual stresses, reducing hardness, and/or slightly modifying properties (See ASME B31.3, paragraph 331). Source: API 570, Piping Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration of Piping Systems, Fourth Edition, February 2016, with Addendum May 2017. Global StandardsPostweld Heat Treatment
Treatment that consists of heating an entire weldment or vessel to a specified elevated temperature after completion of welding in order to relieve the detrimental effects of welding heat, such as to reduce residual stresses, reduce hardness, stabilize chemistry and/or slightly modify properties.
Source: API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration, Tenth Edition, May 2014, with Addendum May 2017. Global StandardsPost-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)
Any heat treatment subsequent to welding, including stress relief. Source: API SPEC 16A, Specification for Drill-through Equipment, Third Edition, June 2004 (Errata/Supplement November 2004). Global StandardsPost-yield
Definition(s)
Post-yield
Material state characterized by having experienced permanent deformation. Source: API TR 1PER15K-1, Protocol for Verification and Validation of High-pressure High-temperature Equipment, First Edition, March 2013. Global StandardsPostcure
Definition(s)
Postcure
Additional elevated-temperature cure, usually without pressure, to improve final resin properties and/or complete the cure or polymerization of the resin matrix, or decrease the percentage of volatiles in the compound.- Note: 1 to entry: In certain resins, complete cure and ultimate mechanical properties are attained only by exposure of the cured resins to temperatures higher than those of curing (typically within to 30 °C to 50 °C of the maximum possible Tg).
.
Source: ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials, Second Edition, August 2017. Global Standards